（来源：内蒙古日报） 转自：内蒙古日报 此后，各朝代对玉质礼器和玉质佩饰的使用均有严格规定。据《旧唐书·舆服志》记载："诸佩，一品佩 山玄玉，二品以下五品以上佩水苍玉。"直至北宋，开始盛行玩赏与收藏古玉。明清时期，民间玉肆仿 效宫廷琢制仿古玉器，供王公贵族、文人学士玩赏。 中国的玉器文化历经万年嬗变，始终与中华文明的发展同频共振，不仅孕育出精湛的玉器制作技艺，更 承载着深邃的文化内涵与哲学意蕴，成为中华文明独特的精神标识，影响了周边国家礼制规范与审美体 系。在古代丝绸之路的贸易网络与文化交流中，玉器作为跨文明对话的重要媒介，推动中国玉文化与中 亚、西亚文明展开深度互动，为人类文明互鉴提供了独特的中国范儿。 （作者系呼伦贝尔历史博物馆副馆长） 玉器诞生初期，与石制工具同源共生。新石器时代的各文化遗址大多出土过玉石制作的凿、斧、矛等生 产工具或武器，有的有明显的使用痕迹，说明这些玉器当时尚未从石制生产工具中分化出来。 新石器时代中期至晚期，玉器成为祭祀礼器，占据重要地位，先民用玉器显示权力、地位，并以随葬玉 器的种类和数量表示墓主人生前的身份。 先秦时期，统治阶级为了维护礼法制度，对玉制礼器的使用作了严格的规定， ...

评论丨从"两业 协同"感悟广东 乡村振兴的三重 境界_南方+_南 方plus 南海之滨，春潮 涌动。丙午马年 开工首日，广东 以"制造业与服 务业协同发 展"为主题，连 续第四年召开高 质量发展大会。 这回目光不光盯 着珠三角的工厂 流水线，也投向 了粤东粤西粤北 的广袤田野。 在"百县千镇万 村高质量发展工 程"的实践沃土 上，"两业协 同"正在书写乡 村振兴的崭新篇 章。从田头到车 间，从传统农人 到现代"农匠" ， 一幅产业融合、 人才汇聚、城乡 联动的图景，正 徐徐铺展。 一是从"田间到 车间"感悟产业 链融合之深。 农业与制造业、 服务业的深度融 合，正在重新定 义"三农"的价值 边界。江门新会 文发农机服务中 心，20套先进农 机装备构建起覆 盖水稻全产业链 的服务体 系，"订单式"全 程托管模式把育 秧、机插、植 保、收割、烘 干、加工打包成 一个完整的服务 产品，年均服务 面积超3万亩。 农民不必拥有农 机，却能享受现 代装备带来的效 率，这正是"两 业协同"在农业 领域最生动的实 践。 回看南粤，这样 的融合场景遍地 开花。河源东源 万绿智慧农场 里，无人驾驶水 直播机、无人收 割机轮番登场 ...

▌周乾 著 过春节时，家家户户都有长辈给晚辈"发红包"的习俗，古时叫"馈岁"。清代皇家过年也有给王公大臣、 宫内家眷、藩属国王和使臣颁赐年节礼物的习俗。皇家派发的赏赐名目很多，不仅有金银，还有好吃 的、好玩的，可谓新春"盲盒大礼包"。这里面都有什么呢？ 的一次"馈岁"中就有大缎、镀金线缎、金线缎、洋花缎等珍贵衣料，"福"字笺、绢笺、雕漆茶盘、砚、 笔、墨等文房器用；还有玉如意、玉器、文竹器、玻璃器、瓷器、洋表、貂皮、帽纬等。 （2） "大礼包"里最常颁赐的，就是皇帝御笔亲书的"福"字。自康熙时起，就有皇帝在岁末写"福"字，赐给大 臣的传统。每年农历十二月初一，太监会在重华宫备好笔、墨、纸、砚。写"福"专用的笔在笔管上刻 有"赐福苍生"四字，先为康熙帝所用，后被历代皇帝视为"吉祥法物"，代代相传，专用于新年写福。皇 帝御笔亲书十几张"福"字，命人挂在宫中各处。随后，奏事处官员会呈送申领"福"字的官员名单。皇帝 从中圈定出可以领赐的人，分期颁赐。 乾隆年间，乾隆帝会在每年十二月初一先到北海五龙亭旁边的阐福寺拈香祈福，再回重华宫写福。 起初，赐福的对象一般为二品及以上大臣，诚如雍正帝所说，每年颁赐福字，是为了警示他 ...

Core Viewpoint - A new type of fraud in the art auction industry has emerged, targeting sellers with fake auctions, leading to significant financial losses for victims, often ranging from tens of thousands to millions of yuan [1][4]. Group 1: Fraud Mechanism - Fraudsters create fake auction houses and claim to have wealthy buyers interested in the sellers' items, exploiting the sellers' anxiety to cash in on their collections [1][3]. - Victims are often lured by high valuations of their items, with one case reporting a valuation of 3 million yuan for a piece originally purchased for 3,500 yuan [2][4]. - The fraud typically involves a three-step process: identifying targets, providing inflated valuations through "experts," and collecting large deposits under the guise of securing the auction [4][5]. Group 2: Victim Experiences - Victims report similar experiences, where after paying deposits, their items are never sold, and they are unable to retrieve their money or items [4][6]. - Many victims feel embarrassed and choose to remain silent about their losses, fearing judgment from peers in the collecting community [7][8]. - The psychological manipulation by fraudsters often leads victims to overlook the legitimacy of the auction companies [3][4]. Group 3: Legal and Recovery Challenges - Victims face significant challenges in seeking legal recourse due to the cross-border nature of these scams, which complicates the identification of the fraudulent entities [7][8]. - Legal definitions often categorize these cases as economic disputes, making it difficult for victims to pursue claims [7]. - The lack of physical evidence and the presence of misleading contractual terms further hinder victims' ability to recover their losses [8]. Group 4: Expert Recommendations - Experts advise collectors to be wary of any auction that requires upfront deposits, as legitimate auction houses do not ask sellers for such payments [9][10]. - Verification of auction house credentials through official channels is crucial to avoid falling victim to scams [10]. - Collectors are encouraged to maintain thorough records of communications and transactions to support any potential claims [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights a growing trend of fraudulent auction schemes targeting individuals looking to sell their collectibles, particularly in the realm of art and antiques, where scammers exploit the sellers' hopes for high valuations and quick sales [4][19][40]. Group 1: Fraud Mechanisms - Scammers often pose as legitimate auction houses, promising high valuations and quick sales to lure in unsuspecting sellers [4][20]. - The fraud typically involves three steps: identifying targets, providing inflated valuations, and requiring upfront deposits as "guarantees" for the auction [20][21]. - Once the deposit is paid, the auction is staged to ensure that the item "fails to sell," allowing the scammers to keep the deposit under the guise of service fees [22][40]. Group 2: Victim Profiles - Victims of these scams are often middle-aged to elderly individuals who lack experience in the auction process and are eager to realize the value of their collectibles [19][39]. - Many victims are reluctant to report their experiences due to fear of embarrassment or social stigma within the collector community [3][43]. - The scams have expanded beyond seasoned collectors to include ordinary individuals with old items, indicating a broadening victim base [45]. Group 3: Industry Insights - The auction industry is characterized by a significant number of companies, with approximately 15.3 million registered, but only 669 have the necessary qualifications for handling cultural relics [44]. - The complexity of the auction process, including valuation and compliance, creates opportunities for fraudulent entities to exploit sellers' lack of knowledge [44][46]. - Legitimate auction houses typically do not require sellers to pay deposits, contrasting sharply with the practices of fraudulent companies [45][46]. Group 4: Prevention and Awareness - Awareness campaigns and shared experiences among victims are crucial in preventing further scams, as individuals like Lin Wan actively share their stories to warn others [49][50]. - The article emphasizes the importance of verifying the legitimacy of auction houses and being cautious of any requests for upfront payments [46][47].

Group 1 - A theft case involving an elderly man, Mr. Li, who reported that 70,000 yuan in cash was replaced with paper money, and a gold necklace was missing from his home [1] - The suspect, a caregiver named Wang, initially denied involvement but later confessed to stealing cash and jewelry due to feeling insecure about her job after a temporary caregiver was hired [2] - Wang returned the stolen items and expressed remorse, leading to a court sentence of two years in prison, suspended for two and a half years, along with a fine of 6,000 yuan [2] Group 2 - Another case involved a caregiver, Liu, who transferred 500,000 yuan from her deceased employer's account shortly after his death, indicating a pattern of theft by caregivers [3] - Liu was found to have taken not only money but also valuable items from the deceased's residences, highlighting the risks associated with hiring home caregivers [3] - Authorities are warning employers about the potential for theft by domestic workers, emphasizing the need for stronger security measures to protect household assets [5]

Core Viewpoint - The excavation of the M1020 tomb at the Beigao Goose Cemetery in Shanxi Province reveals a high-status burial with a rich array of artifacts, suggesting the tomb owner was likely a member of the middle nobility [1][5]. Group 1: Excavation Details - The Beigao Goose Cemetery is located in Yongyan Town, Yuan City, Shanxi Province, and is part of a larger archaeological site [1]. - The M1020 tomb was discovered in April 2020 due to looting and has been under active excavation since 2021, with ongoing work planned until 2024 [1]. - In 2023, four tombs were excavated, and the findings from the undisturbed M1020 tomb have been published [1]. Group 2: Artifact Analysis - A total of 265 artifacts were found in the M1020 tomb, predominantly consisting of bronze ceremonial and weaponry items [1][5]. - The artifacts include various types of bronze vessels such as ding (2), gui (4), ge (4), and lei (2), along with other ceremonial items, indicating a complex burial ritual [5]. - The bronze artifacts exhibit characteristics typical of early Spring and Autumn period styles, with decorative patterns such as heavy ring patterns and curved lines, but lacking the later pan-chi patterns [3][5]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The combination of artifacts suggests adherence to burial customs of the Zhou dynasty, although some items appear to be roughly made, indicating a possible temporary assembly of the burial goods [5]. - The findings contribute to understanding the social hierarchy and cultural practices during the transitional period between the two Zhou dynasties [5].

Group 1 - The auction event is the 61st Antique and Artwork Auction by Poly Beijing, scheduled for January 24-25, 2026 [1] - The preview for the auction will take place from January 21-23, 2026 [1] - The auction will feature items such as porcelain, jade, and crafts [1] Group 2 - The auction will be held at the Beijing Chaoyang District, specifically at the Beiqi Shuangjing Cultural and Creative Park, Building E03, A Block [1] - Interested bidders can inquire about bidding procedures by calling the provided contact number [1]

Core Viewpoint - The interview with Professor Xu Feng highlights the significance of Liangzhu culture in understanding early state formation and its relationship with surrounding cultures, emphasizing the role of jade artifacts and ritual practices in establishing social hierarchies and religious beliefs [2][10][12]. Group 1: Liangzhu Culture and Early State Formation - Liangzhu culture is recognized as an early regional state form, supported by archaeological findings that indicate social stratification and a unified belief system during the late Neolithic period [10][12]. - The successful inclusion of the Liangzhu Ancient City site in the World Heritage List in 2019 has brought significant attention to its role in the origins of Chinese civilization [10][12]. - The concept of early states is complex, with various definitions and theories, but Liangzhu culture exemplifies a unique case of early state development characterized by agricultural economy and social differentiation [10][12][11]. Group 2: Jade Artifacts and Ritual Practices - Jade artifacts in Liangzhu culture are not merely decorative but are deeply embedded in the social and spiritual lives of its people, symbolizing status, identity, and religious significance [6][8]. - The aesthetic appreciation of jade reflects the advanced artistic capabilities of the Liangzhu people, indicating a sophisticated understanding of beauty and spirituality [6][8]. - Ritual practices involving jade, such as large-scale sacrificial ceremonies, suggest a complex social structure where religious and political powers were intertwined [17][32]. Group 3: Water Management and Political Power - The discovery of advanced water management systems in Liangzhu culture suggests a strong connection between agricultural practices and the emergence of political authority, aligning with theories of "hydraulic societies" [17][18]. - The political structure of Liangzhu is characterized as a composite of both royal and religious authority, indicating a unique governance model that integrated water management with social organization [17][18]. - The archaeological evidence of large-scale public works and social mobilization reflects the presence of a centralized authority capable of organizing labor for significant construction projects [14][19]. Group 4: Economic and Trade Dynamics - The Liangzhu region's geographical advantages facilitated trade and economic development, with waterways enhancing transportation and resource distribution [30][31]. - The emergence of a commodity economy during the Liangzhu period indicates a shift towards more complex social interactions and economic exchanges, contributing to social stratification [30][31]. - The relationship between agriculture, trade, and social complexity in Liangzhu culture underscores the importance of economic factors in the development of early states [30][31]. Group 5: Cultural Interactions and Influence - Liangzhu culture had a significant impact on surrounding regions, demonstrating a "siphoning effect" where resources and cultural practices were drawn towards the Liangzhu core [25][28]. - The interaction between Liangzhu and neighboring cultures reflects a dynamic exchange of ideas, materials, and technologies, contributing to the broader narrative of early Chinese civilization [25][28]. - The multi-centered nature of Liangzhu culture suggests a complex network of interactions among various settlements, each contributing to the overall cultural landscape of the region [24][25].

Core Viewpoint - Yangzhou has announced the construction of the Yangtze River Delta Jade Culture Industry Cluster, leveraging its status as "the hometown of Chinese jade carving" to enhance the jade industry chain and integrate into the regional jade industry system [1] Group 1: Industry Development - The initiative is based in Baytou Town, which aims to deepen the cultural connotation of jade and establish a complete industry chain from raw material procurement to design, carving, sales, and talent training [1] - By 2025, Baytou Town plans to actively integrate into the collaborative development of the Yangtze River Delta jade culture industry, promoting the transformation and upgrading of the jade industry and the development of cultural tourism projects [1] Group 2: Policy and Projects - The local government has released supportive policies known as "Six Jade Policies" and organized the first "Xinchuan Cup" jade carving creative exhibition and exchange event [1] - A trading market for Hetian jade raw materials has been established, and several jade culture industry projects, including the signing of the Cuifutang Jade Culture Complex, have been initiated [1] Group 3: Smart Manufacturing - The newly launched Baytou Jade "Smart Factory" is a leading intelligent production base for jade in China, covering the entire industry chain functions including trading, design, processing, sales, and inspection [1] - The factory has invested in approximately 400 pieces of equipment and recruited around 200 technical talents [1]