不过，将视线转向全球第二大代工厂三星时，情况变得微妙。三星作为综合型电子企业，其代工业务包 含大量内部订单，如猎户座Exynos芯片、电视芯片、电源管理芯片及OLED驱动芯片等。据统计，在 2024年第一季度至2025年第二季度期间，三星与中芯国际的市场份额差距持续收窄——从最初相差5个 百分点，到2024年第四季度仅差2个百分点，2025年第二季度也维持在3个百分点左右。 近日，中芯国际公布的2025年三季度财报引发业内关注。这家中国大陆顶尖芯片代工厂当季营收达 171.62亿元，同比增长9.9%，环比增长6.9%，刷新历史最高纪录。 更令人瞩目的是，其净利润实现15.17亿元，同比大幅增长43.1%，毛利率提升至25.5%，较上季度增加 4.8个百分点。产能方面也首次突破百万片大关，折合8英寸晶圆产量达到102.28万片。 当然，尽管成绩亮眼，但与行业龙头台积电相比，中芯国际仍有显著差距。台积电同期营收高达9899.2 亿新台币，折合人民币约2300亿元，是中芯国际的13.4倍；净利润更是达到4523亿新台币，约合人民币 1050亿元，足足是中芯国际的69倍。 这种量级差异客观反映出两岸半导体产业在技术积 ...

Core Viewpoint - The report emphasizes that China's modernization relies on technological advancement, highlighting the importance of original innovation and the integration of technology and industry to achieve high-level self-reliance in technology [1] Group 1: Technological Innovation and Industry Integration - The "14th Five-Year Plan" outlines the need for deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, with a focus on addressing "bottleneck" issues in high-end chips and industrial software [1][2] - The government is encouraged to transform specific industry challenges into national technology tasks, thereby supporting enterprises in overcoming technological barriers [2][3] Group 2: Role of Enterprises in Innovation - Enterprises are identified as the main body of technological innovation, with a call for vertical integration strategies to address complex interdisciplinary challenges [3][11] - The importance of fostering a collaborative environment between enterprises and research institutions is highlighted, allowing for timely solutions to innovation challenges [5][10] Group 3: Government's Role in Supporting Innovation - The government should act as a market rule designer and key buyer, creating a long-term vision for industry participants and breaking down information barriers [5][12] - A shift from reactive support to proactive engagement with leading enterprises and scientists is recommended to better understand future industrial development directions [4][15] Group 4: AI and Industrial Applications - The report discusses the significance of artificial intelligence (AI) in driving industrial innovation, with examples of successful applications in companies like Zhejiang University Control [13][14] - The relationship between traditional industrial enterprises and AI companies is crucial, as traditional firms provide the operational context and data necessary for AI development [15][19] Group 5: Challenges in Basic Research and Industry Needs - The need for a strategic, forward-looking, and systematic approach to basic research is emphasized, ensuring alignment with industrial demands [16][20] - The report suggests that universities and research institutions must equally value both vertical and horizontal projects to effectively serve industry innovation needs [20][21] Group 6: Non-linear Relationship Between Science, Technology, and Industry - Innovation is characterized as a practical process, where the development of technology is driven by industrial needs and experiences [25][27] - The report provides examples from the dairy and agricultural sectors to illustrate how industry-driven research can lead to significant technological advancements [22][24]

Core Viewpoint - The report emphasizes that China's modernization relies on technological advancement, highlighting the importance of original innovation and the integration of technology and industry [1] Group 1: Technological Innovation and Industry Integration - The "14th Five-Year Plan" stresses the need for high-level technological self-reliance, with a focus on original innovation and key core technology breakthroughs [1] - The integration of technology innovation and industrial innovation is crucial for enhancing productivity and addressing "bottleneck" issues in high-end chips and industrial software [2][9] - The government is encouraged to transform specific technological challenges faced by enterprises into national technology tasks and projects, facilitating innovation [2][3] Group 2: Role of Enterprises in Innovation - Enterprises are identified as the main body of technological innovation, with a need for vertical integration strategies to tackle complex interdisciplinary challenges [2][4] - The historical example of domestic innovation trust issues illustrates the importance of addressing non-technical factors that hinder the utilization of technological advancements [3][4] - The government should engage with leading enterprises and experts to collaboratively explore future industrial development directions, enhancing understanding of the industrial system [4][5] Group 3: Market Dynamics and Government Role - The government should act as a market rule designer and key buyer, creating a long-term vision for industry participants and breaking down information barriers [5] - The relationship between traditional industrial enterprises and AI companies is crucial, as traditional firms provide operational scenarios and experience data necessary for AI development [14] - Establishing demonstration projects in industrial AI can facilitate collaborative innovation and address trust issues between supply and demand sides [14] Group 4: Case Studies and Practical Applications - The collaboration between Mindray Medical and the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology led to significant breakthroughs in high-end medical imaging equipment, showcasing the effectiveness of industry-academia partnerships [6][8] - The success of companies like Hisense and Gree in developing their own chips reflects the necessity of vertical integration in addressing local supply chain gaps [9] - The application of AI in industrial settings, particularly by companies with rich industry experience, is highlighted as a key factor for success in the evolving technological landscape [11][13]