记者 赵方园 新春佳节，亲友团聚，餐桌上总少不了给孩子"塞吃的"——抓一把糖果、递一块年糕、喂一口坚果。大 人碍于情面不好拦，孩子小不懂分辨。然而，每年春节，各大医院儿科急诊室都会接诊因误食、噎呛入 院的患儿。 这份专门为孩子准备的春节饮食"黑名单"请查收 酒及含酒精食品 5岁以下儿童磨牙尚未长齐，咀嚼能力弱，进食时常下意识"吸食"。坚果(如花生、瓜子、开心果等)颗 粒坚硬、形状圆滑，极易呛入气管，容易引发肺炎甚至造成窒息。 建议：如需食用，喂养时应确保幼儿保持坐姿，切忌边吃边跑、边吃边笑，也不要勉强喂食。并将这类 食物处理成细小、易于吞咽的形态。 黏性食物 汤圆、年糕、果冻等食物虽柔软有弹性，但黏性极强，一旦卡喉难以取出，容易堵塞气道。同时，儿童 的肠胃蠕动能力很弱，无法推动这团"糯米胶"，极易引发肠梗阻，甚至卡死肠管。 建议：尽量不要给3岁以下幼儿食用。 清华大学北京清华长庚医院急诊科主治医师张朋书表示，吃这类食物的时候一定要细嚼慢咽，切勿边说 笑边进食，若发生异物卡喉，需立刻采取海姆立克法进行急救，同时拨打120。 蜂蜜类食品 一家人聚会时，有时老人会出于"讨好彩头"的习俗，用筷子蘸酒喂给孩子品尝。 台 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the potential dangers of certain foods for children during the Spring Festival, emphasizing the need for parents to be cautious about what they allow their children to consume [1][2]. Group 1: Alcohol and Alcohol-Containing Foods - Alcohol consumption in children can lead to acute alcohol poisoning, as their liver can only metabolize alcohol at one-third the rate of adults. Even a small amount, such as 50 milliliters of beer, can be harmful [3]. - There is no safe amount of alcohol for children, and foods containing alcohol, such as alcohol-infused candies and dishes, should be strictly avoided [3]. Group 2: Nuts - Nuts pose a choking hazard for children under five due to their hard texture and shape, which can easily lead to airway obstruction [4]. - If nuts are to be consumed, they should be prepared in small, manageable pieces, and children should be supervised to ensure they are sitting down while eating [4]. Group 3: Sticky Foods - Sticky foods like rice balls, glutinous rice cakes, and jelly can easily get stuck in a child's throat, leading to choking or intestinal blockage [5][6]. - It is advised that children under three years old should not consume these types of foods, and caregivers should ensure children chew thoroughly and avoid distractions while eating [6]. Group 4: Honey - Honey should not be given to infants under one year old due to the risk of botulism from bacteria that can thrive in their immature gut [7]. - Children over one year can consume honey in moderation, but parents should avoid giving them unverified wild honey [8]. Group 5: Ginkgo Nuts - Ginkgo nuts can cause food poisoning if consumed improperly, and their outer skin can cause skin irritation [9]. - It is recommended to remove the skin and thoroughly cook ginkgo nuts before consumption, with a limit of 15 nuts per day for adults and avoidance for children [10]. Group 6: Caffeinated Beverages - Caffeinated drinks like tea, coffee, and sodas can negatively impact children's nervous systems and sleep patterns, and they should be avoided [11]. - The best beverages for children and adolescents are plain water and milk, with a recommendation to limit the intake of functional and carbonated drinks [11]. Group 7: Pickled Foods - Pickled foods are high in salt and can strain children's kidneys, with excessive intake leading to health risks such as high sodium levels and potential cancer risks [12]. - It is advised that children avoid pickled foods, especially during festive occasions, to minimize health risks [13].

Group 1 - The article discusses the sudden arrival of winter in Shanghai, highlighting the diverse clothing choices among different age groups, from T-shirts and wide-leg pants to winter coats and scarves [4] - It mentions a new fashion trend involving a type of scarf called "triangular scarf," which is more of a style statement than a necessity for warmth [4] Group 2 - The article describes the seasonal availability of chrysanthemums in Kunming, particularly a variety named "Anna," which is associated with strong female characters in literature and film [5] - It emphasizes the aesthetic appeal of winter flower arrangements, suggesting combinations of warm-colored flowers to create visually pleasing bouquets [5] Group 3 - The article notes the seasonal availability of chestnuts, particularly the "Qianxi" variety, which is favored for its texture and taste [6] - It also mentions the upcoming appearance of ginkgo nuts on dining tables, highlighting their preparation as a simple and natural snack [6]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the growing trend of "autumn picking" activities in Chengdu, Sichuan, where citizens and tourists engage in collecting fallen leaves and fruits while enjoying the autumn scenery. It emphasizes the importance of awareness regarding the potential risks associated with certain plants during these activities [1][3][30]. Group 1: Autumn Picking Activities - "Autumn picking" has become a popular way for people to connect with nature and enjoy the beauty of the season in Chengdu [1][3]. - Visitors to the Chengdu Botanical Garden participate in activities such as collecting leaves and taking photos of the autumn landscape [3][5]. - Children are also involved in these activities, learning about nature under the guidance of parents and teachers [5][9]. Group 2: Plant Safety and Risks - The article discusses the distinction between edible and non-edible "red beans," highlighting that the "red beans" collected are from a protected species and are not safe to eat [11][13]. - Experts warn about the toxic nature of certain plants, such as the "red bean tree" and "acacia seeds," which can cause severe health issues if ingested [15][17]. - The article also addresses the risks associated with collecting ginkgo fruits, which contain toxic substances and should be handled with caution [22][26]. Group 3: Health Precautions - Medical professionals advise against consuming certain plants without proper knowledge and preparation, emphasizing the importance of cooking ginkgo fruits to avoid toxicity [28][30]. - Recommendations include washing hands after outdoor activities to prevent the transfer of harmful substances and adhering to guidelines for safe "autumn picking" [33][35]. - The article suggests three principles for safe collecting: do not pick or damage plants, avoid consuming unknown plants, and focus on diverse collection rather than excessive picking of one type [35].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of adapting to seasonal changes for health, particularly during the White Dew period, focusing on "moisturizing dryness, nourishing yin, and protecting against cold" [1][2] - Recommended foods for this season include ingredients that help to nourish the lungs and alleviate dryness, such as tremella, lily, pear, honey, lotus seeds, and wheat [1] - Foods to avoid during this period include spicy, cold, and raw items, which can exacerbate dryness and digestive issues, particularly for those with weak spleens and stomachs [1] Group 2 - Lifestyle recommendations include going to bed earlier and waking up early to prevent "autumn fatigue," as well as ensuring proper warmth to avoid gastrointestinal issues [2] - Gentle exercises such as walking, slow jogging, tai chi, and Ba Duan Jin are advised, while avoiding intense workouts during the cooler times of the day [2] - It is suggested to exercise during warmer hours, specifically between 9-10 AM or 4-5 PM, and to stay dry and warm post-exercise to prevent catching a chill [2]