新华社北京11月26日电 塞尔维亚总统武契奇25日说，如果美国政府不撤销对塞尔维亚唯一炼油厂 NIS的制裁，这座由俄罗斯企业控股的炼油厂将在4天内彻底停止运转，恐给塞方经济带来"大麻烦"。塞 尔维亚媒体说，由于缺乏原油供应，NIS目前已陷入困境。 法新社援引多名专家说法报道，仅靠进口难以挽救NIS。经济学家戈兰·拉多萨夫列维奇说，在塞尔 维亚燃料市场上，NIS出产的油品大约占比80%，进口仅占20%左右，"增加进口会把痛苦推后几个月， 但如果无法继续运转，NIS将面临破产"。 美国财政部外国资产控制办公室今年1月对俄石油行业施加制裁，波及NIS，制裁措施10月9日生 效。俄罗斯天然气工业石油公司、俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司分别持有NIS公司44.9%和11.3%股份，塞 尔维亚政府则持股29.9%，另有一些小股东。美国政府寻求俄方投资完全撤出NIS，本月15日要求NIS在 明年2月13日前为俄方所持股份找到买家。 据法新社报道，上周，NIS向美方提出申请，要求在出售股权谈判进行期间暂时免受制裁，但美方 尚未作出回应。 武契奇25日说，塞方将建议美国政府给NIS公司50天时间出售俄方股权。如果期限内无法完成，塞 ...

新华社北京11月26日电 塞尔维亚总统武契奇25日说，如果美国政府不撤销对塞尔维亚唯一炼油厂 NIS的制裁，这座由俄罗斯企业控股的炼油厂将在4天内彻底停止运转，恐给塞方经济带来"大麻烦"。塞 尔维亚媒体说，由于缺乏原油供应，NIS目前已陷入困境。 武契奇当天在电视讲话中说："塞尔维亚面临大麻烦。你（美国政府）对俄罗斯及其企业施加制 裁，结果却让我们国家受到冲击。" 武契奇说，NIS的柴油储备为5.5万吨，汽油储备为5万吨，预计可以维持到12月底。塞尔维亚矿业 和能源部长杜布拉夫卡·杰多维奇·汉达诺维奇上周说，塞政府已批准进口3.8万吨汽油和6.6万吨柴油作为 国家储备。 法新社援引多名专家说法报道，仅靠进口难以挽救NIS。经济学家戈兰·拉多萨夫列维奇说，在塞尔 维亚燃料市场上，NIS出产的油品大约占比80%，进口仅占20%左右，"增加进口会把痛苦推后几个月， 但如果无法继续运转，NIS将面临破产"。 美国财政部外国资产控制办公室今年1月对俄石油行业施加制裁，波及NIS，制裁措施10月9日生 效。俄罗斯天然气工业石油公司、俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司分别持有NIS公司44.9%和11.3%股份，塞 尔维亚政府则持股 ...

据路透社披露，奥尔斯克炼油厂日加工量约13.2万桶，是俄罗斯规模最大的炼油厂之一，年处理原油达660万吨，主要生产汽油、柴油、航空燃料、润滑油 及沥青，为俄军提供关键物资补给。此次乌军无人机深入俄境，精准击中炼油厂核心生产设施，初步评估损失可能介于10亿至30亿美元之间。 乌克兰情报来源透露，无人机疑似击中厂内柴油加氢处理装置或其附近的流体蒸馏管道——前者是炼油流程关键节点，直接影响柴油的品质与产量；同时遭 袭的还有2014至2015年间耗资55亿卢布建成的年度裂解装置，该设施作为重要升级项目，可大幅减少重质油废料、提升燃料效率，若确认完全损毁，将对炼 油厂长期产能造成严重影响。 值得注意的是，该炼油厂去年曾因无人机攻击一度停产，导致克里姆林宫短期损失部分石油美元收入，削弱了俄方战争资金 链。此次再度遭袭，预计将进一步重创俄罗斯的能源出口及军事后勤补给能力。 乌克兰无人机再袭俄本土能源枢纽，奥尔斯克炼油厂遭重创。 本周，距离乌克兰超1400公里的俄罗斯奥尔斯克炼油厂突发爆炸与大火，现场浓烟滚滚、烈焰冲天，市区多处可见火光。这是继11月初之后，该炼油厂短期 内遭遇的又一次重大破坏，凸显乌克兰无人机的远程打击能力 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the impact of US sanctions on Russian oil companies, particularly affecting Bulgaria's fuel supply as winter approaches, raising concerns about energy security in the region [1][2]. Group 1: Impact of US Sanctions - The US Treasury announced sanctions against Russian state-owned and private oil companies, effective November 21, which could disrupt energy supplies in several European countries, including Bulgaria [1]. - Bulgaria's available gasoline is sufficient for approximately 35 days, while diesel reserves can last over 50 days, but the country is concerned about the potential impact of these sanctions on its energy supply [1]. Group 2: Bulgaria's Energy Strategy - The Bulgarian government has suspended exports of diesel and aviation fuel to other EU countries to ensure domestic energy supply [2]. - A new law allows the government to take control of the Burgas refinery and appoint a special manager to navigate the sanctions, indicating proactive measures to safeguard energy resources [2]. - The government is also inspecting the Burgas refinery and enhancing security measures in response to the impending sanctions [2].

Core Points - The U.S. has imposed sanctions on Russian companies, including Lukoil, affecting their operations in Europe and potentially impacting winter energy supplies in several European countries [1][3] - Bulgaria's available gasoline is sufficient for approximately 35 days, while diesel reserves can last over 50 days, but the country needs to activate contracts for fuel stored in other EU nations before sanctions take effect [3][4] Group 1 - The U.S. Treasury announced sanctions against Russian state-owned and private companies, effective November 21, to pressure Russia and Ukraine for an immediate ceasefire [3] - Bulgaria's legal fuel reserve standard is 90 days, and the current compliance rate is 98%, but only part of the reserves are stored domestically [3][4] - The Bulgarian government has suspended exports of diesel and aviation fuel to ensure domestic energy supply [4] Group 2 - The Bulgarian National Assembly passed a law allowing the government to take control of the Burgas refinery to circumvent U.S. sanctions [4] - The government is conducting inspections and enhancing security measures at the Burgas refinery [4]

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. government has announced new sanctions against Russia, specifically targeting major oil companies Lukoil and Rosneft, which has significant implications for Bulgaria's energy supply and economy [1][2]. Group 1: Sanctions and Immediate Impact - The sanctions include Lukoil and its 34 subsidiaries, affecting oil and gas exploration, extraction, and development [1]. - Lukoil has initiated the process of selling its overseas assets in response to the sanctions [1]. - Bulgaria heavily relies on Lukoil, particularly the Burgas refinery, which produces 190,000 barrels of oil per day and supplies over two-thirds of the country's fuel [1]. Group 2: Economic and Employment Implications - The Burgas refinery is a critical player in Bulgaria's economy, contributing significantly to GDP and creating numerous jobs [2]. - If the refinery ceases operations, it would not only disrupt fuel supply but also severely impact the job market and local economy [2]. Group 3: Government Response and Strategies - The Bulgarian government is exploring various options, including appointing a "special manager" to oversee refinery operations and maintain supply stability [3]. - Concerns have been raised about the feasibility of this management approach due to legal and operational challenges [3]. - The Bulgarian parliament has passed amendments to the Investment Promotion Law, requiring government approval for any sale or transfer of Lukoil's assets in Bulgaria [3]. Group 4: Legal and Strategic Considerations - Experts suggest that Bulgaria could seek a delay in sanctions, citing precedents from Germany and Serbia [4]. - Although U.S. sanctions primarily affect transactions involving U.S. entities, the reliance on the U.S. dollar in global trade may complicate operations for affected companies [4]. - Transactions using non-U.S. currencies could potentially mitigate the impact of the sanctions [4].

Group 1: Energy Sector Developments - The National Energy Administration announced the addition of 282 experts to the national power reliability management expert database, covering various specialties including power supply reliability and information system development [2] - In September 2025, 72,18 new renewable energy generation projects (excluding household photovoltaics) were registered, including 32 wind power projects and 7,184 photovoltaic projects [2] - The construction of the largest pumped storage power station in western China, the Wazhang Pumped Storage Power Station, has officially commenced, with a total investment of 1.594 billion RMB and a total installed capacity of 2.8 million kilowatts [3] Group 2: Chemical and Material Innovations - Chinese scientists have made breakthroughs in green catalytic technology, developing a new catalytic control technique for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis that significantly reduces CO2 emissions and increases the yield of liquid fuels and olefins [4] - The completion of the largest ethylene project in southwest China, the Guangxi Petrochemical Ethylene Project, has been reported, featuring a core ethylene unit with a capacity of 120,000 tons per year [3] Group 3: Infrastructure and Construction - The first green building in Fiji, constructed by a Chinese company, has been inaugurated, featuring sustainable design elements such as an integrated energy system and rainwater collection [6] Group 4: International Energy Market Dynamics - Bulgaria's parliament has decided to suspend the export of oil products to other EU member states, which may impact regional energy supply dynamics [5] - Russia's second-largest natural gas producer, Novatek, warned that excluding Russian LNG from the global market could lead to a significant increase in gas prices, affecting European consumers [5]

Core Viewpoint - The Bulgarian Parliament has decided to suspend the export and internal supply of oil products to other EU member states, primarily diesel and aviation fuel, to ensure national energy security and stabilize the domestic fuel market in response to recent U.S. sanctions on Russian oil companies [1][3]. Group 1 - The Bulgarian Parliament passed a law with 135 votes in favor, 4 against, and 42 abstentions to halt oil product exports to EU countries [3]. - The ban does not apply to fuel supplied to domestic and foreign ships and aircraft, nor to oil products provided to armed forces of EU and NATO member states [3]. - This decision is a direct response to U.S. sanctions imposed on two major Russian oil companies, Rosneft and Lukoil, announced on October 22 [3].

Core Points - The Bulgarian Parliament passed a law on October 31, with 135 votes in favor, 4 against, and 42 abstentions, to suspend the export of oil products, including diesel and aviation fuel, to EU member states [1] - The ban does not apply to fuel supplied to domestic and foreign ships and aircraft, nor to oil products provided to armed forces of EU and NATO member countries [1] - The measure aims to ensure Bulgaria's energy security and stabilize the domestic fuel market in response to recent U.S. sanctions against Russian oil companies [1] - On October 22, the U.S. announced sanctions against two major Russian oil companies, Rosneft and Lukoil, with Lukoil operating the largest refinery in the Balkan region located in Bulgaria [1]

Core Insights - Trump publicly stated that the Indian Prime Minister has committed to stopping the purchase of Russian oil, although this claim has not been confirmed by India, indicating an escalation in U.S. pressure on New Delhi [1] - Since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022, India has become a key buyer of Russian crude oil, with an average daily import of 1.9 million barrels in the first nine months of 2025, accounting for 40% of Russia's total exports [1] - The trade relationship has reshaped global oil flows and has been a significant source of profit for Indian refining companies [1] U.S. Pressure on India - The U.S. has imposed a 25% punitive tariff on Indian goods due to its purchase of Russian oil, directly impacting India's exports to the U.S., which is its largest trading partner with a bilateral trade volume of $128.8 billion in 2024 [3] - The EU's new sanctions will take effect on January 21, 2026, banning imports of fuels refined from Russian crude, which will cut off a significant profit source for Indian refining companies, as the European market accounts for over one-third of India's diesel and aviation fuel exports [3] India-Russia Energy Cooperation - India has established a deep industrial chain with Russia, exemplified by Reliance Industries signing a 10-year supply agreement with Russian state oil company, supplying nearly 500,000 barrels per day [5] - The agreement includes a significant annual transaction value of approximately $13 billion, making it difficult for India to reduce its Russian oil imports [5] India's Negotiation Strategy - India is seeking leverage in negotiations with the U.S., stating that any cessation of Russian oil imports must be accompanied by the lifting of oil sanctions on Iran and Venezuela to ensure its energy supply stability [7] - The share of Russian oil in India's total imports has surged from 2% before the conflict to 44%, with daily imports expected to reach a historical peak of 2.07 million barrels by July 2025 [7] China's Role in Russian Oil Imports - China, as the largest buyer of Russian oil, imported an average of 2.1 million barrels per day from January to September 2025, accounting for 18% of its total crude imports [10] - However, China's energy import diversification strategy limits its ability to absorb additional Russian oil, as it aims to keep imports from any single country below 20% [12] Shadow Market for Russian Oil - With both India and China unable to fully absorb the potential increase in Russian oil exports, a burgeoning shadow market has emerged as a primary outlet for Russian crude [14] - This shadow fleet, consisting of approximately 650 aging oil tankers, handles 65% of Russia's daily crude oil exports, utilizing complex operations to obscure the origin of the oil [16]