00:53 近日 吉林大学考古学院 山西省考古研究院 与运城市文物保护中心 联合公布了 一处以新石器时代和 夏商时期遗存为主体的古代聚落遗址 山西夏县辕村遗址的部分发掘资料 该遗址位于山西省运城市 夏县裴介镇辕村南部 古老的运城盐湖北侧 2023年至今 考古工作者在该遗址考古发掘中 首次在晚商时期房址中发现族徽 这片红褐色绳纹陶片 上面刻着一个神秘的图案 外框为古文字"亚" 里面套着的文字像一株破土而出的幼苗 生机勃勃 它就是古文字"生" "亚生"这个族氏铭文 目前在考古中是第一次发现 根据考古界出土的多个"亚"字框族徽推测 该家族拥有军事职权 根据近日公布的发掘资料 考古工作者首次发现早商时期墓葬 出土遗物丰富 为研究晋南地区商代文化提供了重要资料 陶器是该遗址目前出土最多的商代器物 包括鬲、鼓腹盆、斜弧腹盆、罐、豆等 这时期青铜器已成为"身份象征" 陶器转向生活化 只用简单的纹饰装点 看起来素雅很多 对于秉持"事死如事生"观念的商人来说 这些随葬器物 是对墓主人生前生活的如实反映 陶鬲是该遗址早商墓葬中出土最多的器物 是中国古代的一种炊具 通过在袋足下燃火实现煮食功能 商人好酒 斝盛行于商 是古代先民的一 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the archaeological significance of the Shangshan site in Zhejiang Province, which is recognized as one of the earliest Neolithic sites in the lower Yangtze River region, dating back approximately 11,000 to 8,500 years [2][4]. Archaeological Discoveries - The Shangshan site was discovered during a rescue excavation prompted by land leveling activities in 2000, leading to the preservation of this ancient cultural site [2]. - Initial excavations revealed a complete ceramic ding and other artifacts, confirming the site's association with the Liangzhu culture [3][4]. - Subsequent excavations from 2004 to 2006 uncovered multiple house sites, indicating that the Shangshan culture had established settled villages, with evidence of early rice agriculture [5]. Cultural Significance - The findings at the Shangshan site have challenged traditional views, establishing it as a significant origin point for rice cultivation in China, pushing back the timeline of agricultural development in the region by several thousand years [4][12]. - The Shangshan culture is recognized as one of the earliest and most extensive Neolithic cultures in the Qiantang River basin, contributing to the understanding of early agricultural and settlement practices in southern China [12]. Architectural Insights - The site features a well-preserved structure with three rows of post holes, suggesting the presence of stilt houses, which may represent the earliest known examples of such architecture in China [8][11]. - The discovery of a moat surrounding the settlement indicates an early awareness of land ownership and community defense [11][16]. Agricultural Practices - Evidence of early rice cultivation was found, including carbonized rice grains and agricultural tools, indicating that the Shangshan people had developed techniques for planting and processing rice [8][12][13]. - The presence of storage pits for food and pottery suggests a surplus production and possibly early ritual practices related to storage and offerings [9][12]. Artistic Developments - The Shangshan culture is noted for its early pottery, including painted ceramics, which reflect advanced artistic techniques and possibly ritual significance [15][16]. - The incorporation of rice husks and other plant materials in pottery production demonstrates the innovative practices of the Shangshan people [14][15].

Core Insights - The restoration of cultural relics at the Northern Tian City site in Xinjiang is facing challenges due to a shortage of manpower, leading to increased working hours for restoration specialists [1][2] - The Northern Tian City site has been recognized as a significant historical location, reflecting the long-standing cultural integration and governance of the region by various Chinese dynasties [2][3] - The local government has invested significantly in the preservation and development of the site, with a total funding of 250 million yuan allocated for various projects during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [2][4] Group 1 - The Northern Tian City site has undergone extensive archaeological excavations since 2016, covering an area of 21,000 square meters and yielding over 3,500 important artifacts [2] - The restoration efforts have successfully completed the restoration of 224 artifacts, alongside the collection of 147 pieces of folk relics and over 370 historical documents [2] - The local government has implemented protective regulations to enhance the preservation of the site, emphasizing the importance of making cultural relics accessible to the public [3] Group 2 - Modern technology is being utilized to present the historical features of the Northern Tian City site, enhancing visitor engagement and understanding of the site's significance [3] - Educational programs are being conducted in local schools to raise awareness about the challenges of cultural relic preservation and to foster a deeper appreciation for national history [3] - The Xinjiang region has seen a continuous improvement in the safety and preservation of cultural relics, with a focus on benefiting all ethnic groups through cultural heritage initiatives [4]

Core Viewpoint - The case highlights the illegal excavation of ancient cultural sites and tombs, leading to significant legal consequences for the perpetrators involved in the crime [1][4]. Group 1: Discovery and Initial Actions - The criminal activities began when an individual discovered suspicious holes in a cornfield while fishing, leading to a plan to excavate for valuable artifacts [2]. - The group, led by Wang, organized a team to excavate the site, purchasing tools like the Luoyang shovel and probe to facilitate their illegal activities [3]. Group 2: Criminal Activities and Network Formation - The group initially found low-value artifacts but continued to excavate in various locations, ultimately forming a network for the illegal trade of stolen cultural relics [3]. - Despite multiple excavations, the group only profited approximately 20,000 yuan, contrasting sharply with the irreversible damage caused to cultural heritage sites [3]. Group 3: Evidence Collection and Legal Proceedings - The investigation involved comprehensive evidence collection, including on-site inspections and the use of drones to map the locations of the excavated sites [4]. - The case was complicated by the number of excavations and the covert nature of the activities, necessitating further investigation to solidify the evidence chain [5]. Group 4: Judicial Outcomes - The court sentenced the main perpetrator, Wang, to a significant prison term, while others received varying sentences based on their roles in the crime [1][7]. - The legal proceedings emphasized the importance of accountability for the destruction of cultural heritage, with the court ensuring that penalties were proportionate to the crimes committed [6][7].

Core Viewpoint - The discovery of a couple's joint burial tomb from the Northern Song Dynasty provides significant evidence for distinguishing between Song and Jin tombs, with the completeness of the ceramic soul towers offering valuable insights into the funerary items and their functions during that period [1][11]. Group 1: Archaeological Findings - The excavation was conducted by the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology and the Luliang City Cultural Relics and Archaeology Survey Team from October 2021 to June 2022, focusing on ancient remains within the Changrui Fenzhoufu residential project area in Fenyang City [3]. - The tomb dates back to the eighth year of the Yuanyou era (1093) and is identified as a couple's joint burial site for Du Taijun and her husband, with their son Ren Fang overseeing the burial [6]. Group 2: Artifacts Discovered - A total of 21 artifacts were unearthed, including ceramic soul towers, ceramic jars, ceramic bowls, ceramic plates, porcelain bowls, inkstones, wooden combs, copper coins, copper hairpins, copper ornaments, and a tomb inscription [6][8]. - The ceramic soul towers and bowls are believed to serve a protective function for the tomb, representing a variation of Daoist "解注器" that evolved from the Han Dynasty [8]. Group 3: Significance of the Findings - The discovery of this tomb is particularly important as it is one of the few clearly dated Song tombs in the Fenyang area, which has mostly yielded undated tombs that are generically classified as belonging to the Song and Jin periods [11]. - The intact grouping of the ceramic soul towers and their similarities to artifacts found in other Song and Jin tombs provide critical reference points for understanding the funerary practices and item functions of that era [11].

Core Viewpoint - The Panlongcheng site in Hubei, recognized as one of the "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries of 2024," provides unique evidence of the evolution of Chinese civilization through extensive archaeological efforts and technological advancements in cultural heritage preservation [8][10][18]. Archaeological Discoveries - The Panlongcheng site has yielded over 3,000 valuable artifacts, including bronze vessels and pottery, indicating its significance during the Shang Dynasty [9][18]. - Recent excavations have uncovered a large-scale stone structure at the Yangjiazui site, suggesting that Panlongcheng may have been a central city in the middle Yangtze River region during the Xia and Shang periods [11][18]. Historical Context - The site was first identified in 1954 when artifacts were discovered during flood prevention efforts, leading to a 70-year-long archaeological journey [10][11]. - The name "Panlongcheng" was officially adopted in 1964, following initial scientific excavations that confirmed its historical significance [10]. Preservation and Restoration Techniques - The site employs a combination of restoration techniques, including the use of glass fiber reinforced concrete and mud sculpture methods, to maintain the integrity of the artifacts and structures [13][14]. - A digital model of Panlongcheng has been created to enhance visitor experience through virtual reality technology [14]. Cultural and Educational Integration - The Panlongcheng Archaeological Park integrates cultural heritage preservation with tourism, offering interactive experiences and educational programs related to archaeology and ancient Chinese civilization [15][17]. - The park covers an area of 4.86 square kilometers, preserving the original environment while providing facilities for visitors [16]. Ongoing Research and Future Prospects - Current archaeological efforts focus on various sites within Panlongcheng, with a significant portion of the area still unexplored [17]. - The involvement of younger archaeologists is expected to lead to further discoveries and insights into the site's historical context [17].