Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development and strategic importance of the self-developed operating system (OS) by the company, highlighting its advantages over traditional systems like AUTOSAR and the potential for industry-wide collaboration through open-sourcing the OS [1][6][21]. Group 1: Self-Developed Operating System - The self-developed communication middleware connects various distributed systems in the vehicle, enhancing communication and resource coordination [1][13]. - The OS breaks down traditional "black box" barriers from different suppliers, allowing for end-to-end integration and improved real-time performance [1][14]. - The integration of hardware and software is emphasized, similar to Apple's approach, which maximizes system performance [1][8]. Group 2: Technical Advantages - The OS achieves high iteration efficiency through application layer decoupling and various tools, leading to faster development and problem resolution [1][12]. - Compared to AUTOSAR, the OS offers superior cross-domain real-time capabilities and utilizes a distributed communication protocol that enhances QoS, security, and scalability [1][15]. - The system can predict and react to braking or evasive actions 7 meters in advance at 120 km/h, showcasing its advanced real-time capabilities [1][15]. Group 3: Industry Collaboration and Open-Sourcing - The initial motivation for developing the OS was to ensure supply chain security and freedom in chip selection, especially during supply shortages [3][7]. - The company encourages open-sourcing the OS to reduce redundancy in the industry and foster collaboration among various OEMs [6][19]. - The trend towards a unified OS is seen as beneficial for both car manufacturers and chip suppliers, addressing the challenges of system fragmentation [22][23]. Group 4: Challenges in OS Development - Developing a self-developed OS requires a strong foundation in business application software to inform system requirements [4][10]. - Talent acquisition and organizational structure are critical challenges for traditional car manufacturers in developing their own OS [4][11]. - The complexity of operating systems necessitates a focus on real-time performance and safety, making it unsuitable for fragmented development efforts [21].

撰 文 / 玖 零 设 计 / 琚 佳 2025年3月，理想汽车在中关村论坛上宣布开源自研的整车操作系统"星环OS"，直面传统 AUTOSAR架构的桎梏。这一动作被视为中国汽车工业在智能化时代的一次标志性事件。 这场技术革命的起点，源于前几年的一场"芯片荒"。 星环OS可兼容ARM、RISC-V、英飞凌TriCore等主流架构，支持地平线J6M、芯驰E3640等国产芯 片。这种"芯片自由"使得适配周期从6个月压缩至4周，适配成本降低83%，极大增强了供应链弹 性。这种灵活性使理想在2024年成功切换至国产RISC-V架构芯片，单车BOM成本下降900元，供应 链安全系数提升40%。 通过软硬件深度协同，星环OS在算力、存储和通信带宽资源使用上实现核心优化。典型案例是理 想L系列车型的控制器设计。通过将Orin X（SoC）与Tc397（MCU）两颗核心芯片的解耦管理，星 环OS实现了算力资源的动态分配：智驾任务可调用90%的Orin X算力，而在非驾驶场景下，这部分 算力又能被座舱娱乐系统复用。这种"一心多用"的虚拟化技术，使硬件利用率提升30%，每年节省 数十亿元BOM成本。 2020年，全球汽车芯片供应链 ...