美国《华尔街日报》 9 月 1 日文章，原题：民意调查显示，美国人对勤奋工作带来经济收益的信心下降 美国正逐渐成为一个经济悲观主义的国家。一项由《华尔街日报》和芝加哥大学全国民意研究中心 （NORC）近期联合进行的调查显示，只有25%的美国人认为自己有很大机会改善生活水平，创1987年 以来新低。超过75%的受访者表示，他们对"下一代的生活会比自己更好"缺乏信心：近70%的人认 为，"只要努力工作就能成功的'美国梦'"如今已不再适用，或者从未成立过，这一比例创下近15年来的 新高。 调查也发现，尽管一些人财务状况尚可，但他们依旧感到经济的脆弱性。多数人认为，上一代在买房、 创业或选择全职做父母方面更容易，而他们普遍不相信下一代能顺利买房或为退休储蓄。 事实上，经济学家们多年来一直困惑于一个现象：传统指标显示经济稳健，但美国国民普遍却对经济持 悲观态度。这种矛盾曾困扰前总统拜登，并导致其政党在2024年选举中失利。如今，特朗普也面临类似 问题，他称"美国经济世界最火热"，从历史看，如今美国的通胀和失业率确实不算高。但调查中仅17% 的人认为美国经济优于世界其他国家与地区，近40%的人则认为其他地区经济更好，这比 ...

美国《大西洋月刊》 9 月 1 日文章，原题：我们对人工智能的恐惧由来已久 人工智能（AI）是21世纪最 大的希望之一，也是最大的恐惧来源之一。50多年来，流行文化一直在努力理解AI"既是救世主又是敌 人"的概念。在电影、电视节目和文学作品中，对AI的刻画不仅反映了我们对这项技术的渴望，也揭示 了我们自身所惧怕的事物。 从某种意义上说，过去半个世纪以来，几乎所有AI文学作品都受到科幻小说《科学怪人》的启发：不 负责任的科学家创造出失控的"怪物"，并威胁要毁灭所有人。在科幻小说中，机器人有时是助手，如 《迷失太空》中善良的机械船员；有时是狡猾的敌人，如《银翼杀手》的复制人。过去几十年的AI小 说常常设定为人类创造了一个比自身更聪明的存在，然后发现这个新的"人造神明"不理解甚至不喜欢创 造它的人类。 20世纪许多关于AI的故事都深深植根于冷战氛围，艺术家感受到人们恐惧之下心底深藏的希望，渴望 某种更强大的存在能够终结军备竞赛，避免全球毁灭。这些故事展现了人们惧怕自身的弱点，渴望某种 理性的存在能够拯救情绪化且反复无常的人类。AI被一些文学作品塑造为"解围之神"，一个能够将战争 与和平的决定权从易犯错误的人类手中夺 ...

国际象棋是一项正式而传统的运动，选手在棋盘前通常需要西装革履。因此，当著名的国际象棋大师马 格努斯·卡尔森穿着牛仔裤对局（今年他因穿牛仔裤参赛而被罚款退赛——编者注），他不仅感到舒 适，也融入了广阔的社会文化。 牛仔裤诞生于19世纪中期，本是美国劳工的硬派工作服。但服装的意义不止于布料。当马龙·白兰度身 着牛仔裤、骑着摩托车出演《飞车党》时，牛仔裤拥有了象征意义，代表了反叛精神和对权威的挑衅。 《印度快报》 9 月 2 日文章，原题：国际棋联的牛仔裤：朴素的服装如何 " 将死 " 最严格的着装要求 国际 象棋界很少有时尚头条。但近日国际象棋联合会（FIDE）改写了规则，不在棋盘上，而在服装上。棋 手将被允许在正式比赛中穿牛仔裤，从而推翻其长期以来要求穿"正装"的规定。这看似是面料上的让 步，但实际是更大变革的缩影。 20世纪中期，牛仔裤一直受到质疑。美国、欧洲，甚至印度的私立学校，都禁穿牛仔裤，担心学生追随 好莱坞偶像塑造的反抗精神。高档餐厅和俱乐部通常也禁止牛仔裤。上世纪90年代放宽着装前，在办公 场所穿牛仔裤也代表"不专业"。然而如今，在周末看到国家高官或亿万富翁穿牛仔裤已不罕见。甚至在 某些圈子，牛仔裤 ...

如今，伦敦公交机构发起文明出行倡议，为提升所有通勤者的舒适度，建议公共交通乘客戴上耳机。在 日本新干线上，乘客手机需要静音，就连饭盒似乎都懂得在车内用餐时"不发出响声"。 而在印度半岛，自然不存在这种可能。这里大多数地区的公共交通宛如家族聚会。平心而论，这种混乱 自有其魅力，甚至人们对侵扰行为也格外宽容。但若能增添些许文明举止岂不更好？毕竟，谁愿意被迫 收听陌生人的晨间励志视频，或在杜比环绕声中旁听别人的分手大戏呢？（林悦译） 《印度快报》 8 月 31 日文章，原题：公共交通已变成一座非自愿的露天剧场 或许是疫情期间的隔离状态 使人们长时间独处，更喜欢与精心挑选的歌单和影单为伴。但当世界重新开放后，人们被迫卷入环境噪 音中，一通电话、一个烹饪视频接踵而至。这种现象在公共交通中最为凸显，公交车和地铁变成了网络 脱口秀和社交平台语音的临时剧场，每节车厢都回荡着私密内容的公共合奏。对非自愿的听众而言，这 无异于被音频碎片"处死"。 ...

【环球时报报道 记者 杨沙沙】编者的话：美国桥水基金创始人瑞·达利欧曾被《时代》周刊评为"世界 100位最具影响力人物"，在50多年的投资生涯里，曾经历多个国家的多次债务周期。在深入研究过去 100年间的重大债务周期后，达利欧确信掌握了驾驭这些周期的要领，并认为有责任向公众传递"我发现 的非常有价值的东西"。在新书《国家为什么会破产：大周期》中文版7月出版后，达利欧近日接受《环 球时报》记者专访，详细解读"大债务周期"图景。在他看来，始于1945年的大债务周期已进入尾声，美 国正处于重大冲突和剧烈变革的边缘，特别是美国政府的债务供需状况正像癌症一样不断恶化。结合自 己40多年来亲眼见证的中国巨变，达利欧还强调说："以许多衡量标准来看，中国取得的成就都是人类 历史上最伟大的"。 " 美国有两件事情如发生将是巨大的警示信号 " "有两件事情我们本不应预期会发生，如果它们真的发生了，应该被视为巨大的警示信号，表明美国货 币和债务的实际价值正面临重大风险。"达利欧提出的这两件事为：一，实现新一轮的量化宽松政策， 以增加流动性并压低实际利率；二，美国政府获得对美联储的控制权。达利欧告诉《环球时报》记者， 从当前的经济增 ...

Economic Overview - The recent Beige Book indicates that the growth rate of the U.S. economy is below average, with little sign of acceleration [1] - Most Federal Reserve districts reported minimal economic activity growth, with only four districts noting moderate growth [1] Price and Cost Pressures - Tariff policies are causing rising costs across multiple industries, with ten districts reporting moderate price increases and two districts noting significant increases in input prices [1] - The impact of tariffs is particularly pronounced on business input prices, leading many companies to raise prices to offset increased costs [2] Consumer Spending - Consumer spending has remained flat or declined due to rising prices outpacing wage growth, with specific pressure noted from increases in insurance, utilities, and other daily expenses [1][2] Industry Insights - The retail and hospitality sectors are offering promotions to attract price-sensitive consumers, but this has not compensated for the decline in international tourist demand [2] - The automotive industry has seen stable to slight increases in sales, with a growing demand for services related to maintaining older vehicles [2] - Manufacturing companies are shifting towards local supply chains and automation to manage costs amid tariff impacts [2] Labor Market Conditions - Employment levels have shown little change across 11 districts, with one district reporting a slight decline; uncertainty and weak demand have led to hesitance in hiring [2] - A reduction in immigrant labor is contributing to recruitment challenges, with half of the districts noting a decrease in this labor source [2] Economic Outlook - Concerns about a potential economic recession are rising, with UBS estimating a 93% probability of economic weakness based on actual data [3] - Moody's chief economist has also warned that the U.S. is on the brink of recession, echoing similar concerns raised by UBS [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the rise of Chinese AI applications, which are competing strongly with American counterparts, leading to a significant shift in the global AI landscape [1][5][4] - The recent report by a16z ranks the top 100 consumer-grade generative AI applications, showing that while the US remains a leader, Chinese companies excel particularly in mobile applications [1][2] - The report indicates a trend towards a more decentralized market, with no single company dominating across all platforms, and highlights the narrowing gap between ChatGPT and Google's Gemini [1][3] Group 2 - In the web application rankings, five Chinese companies made it to the top 20, with DeepSeek ranked third and Quark ranked ninth, showcasing the strength of Chinese AI products [2][3] - The mobile platform has become the primary usage method for AI applications, with Chinese apps occupying 22 out of the top 50 spots, including Doubao at fourth and Baidu AI Search at seventh [3][2] - The competition in the generative AI ecosystem is stabilizing, with fewer new entrants and a concentration of successful products from a limited number of countries, including the US and China [3][5] Group 3 - The article notes that Chinese companies are increasingly recognized for their technological innovation and market understanding, leading to a growing acceptance of their products both domestically and internationally [4][5] - The contrasting development strategies of the US and China in AI are emphasized, with the US focusing on general artificial intelligence (AGI) and China prioritizing practical AI applications to enhance economic efficiency [5][6] - Looking ahead, analysts predict a shift towards a competitive landscape with multiple strong players emerging, each focusing on unique ecosystems and market segments [6]

每年夏季，日本各省厅会就下一财年预算计划提出初始申请，日本财务省将对这些申请进行审核，在今 年年底前确定2026 财年政府预算草案，随后提交国会审议。此外，由于部分预算项目未明确金额，且 部分媒体称，日本首相石破茂计划要求内阁制定由补充预算资助的经济刺激方案，最终预算规模可能进 一步扩大。 路透社称，投资者普遍关注，石破茂脆弱的政治地位可能影响日本政府对财政支出的掌控力。市场对政 府支出扩张的担忧，叠加全球长期债券收益率攀升，推动日本30年期国债收益率本周创下历史新高。报 道另外指出，日本目前的债务规模达其经济总量的两倍，在世界发达经济体中位居前列。 值得注意的是，日本防卫省的申请金额是8.84万亿日元，超过了本财年的8.7万亿日元，成为日本历史上 最大规模的防务预算申请。目前，日本宪法仍然将军事力量限定为防御。但近年来，日本在逐渐着手增 强"反击"能力，并将军费开支提高至国内生产总值（GDP）的2%。本次防卫省的申请经费计划用于建 设名为"SHIELD"的防卫体系，通过在陆、海、空域大量部署无人机来守护沿岸，以及从下一年度开始 着手量产被认为难以探测和拦截的"高超音速导弹"等。 香港"亚洲电视新闻"网称，此 ...

Group 1 - The core message of President Xi Jinping's speech emphasizes China's commitment to peace and development, urging nations to choose dialogue over confrontation and cooperation over zero-sum games [2][8][9] - The speech commemorates the 80th anniversary of China's victory in the Anti-Japanese War and the global anti-fascist struggle, highlighting the sacrifices made by the Chinese people during this period [3][4][5] - Xi Jinping's remarks reflect China's historical role as a major force in the anti-fascist war, which is often overlooked by Western media focusing on European and Pacific theaters [4][6] Group 2 - The event showcased China's growing international influence, with numerous foreign leaders attending, indicating China's ability to rally support and recognition on the global stage [3][8] - The speech also serves as a reminder of the importance of historical memory in shaping a correct worldview, particularly in the context of current global tensions [4][6][10] - Xi Jinping's call for a shared future and mutual respect among nations aligns with China's long-standing advocacy for peaceful development and international cooperation [6][9]

Core Points - The 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War was commemorated with a grand ceremony in Beijing, attended by 61 foreign leaders and high-level representatives [1][3] - Various international leaders praised the event, highlighting its significance and the strong friendship between China and their respective countries [3][4] Group 1 - Russian President Putin described the commemorative activities as "colorful, very good, and of high level" [3] - Serbian President Vucic expressed gratitude for China's friendship, emphasizing that Serbia will always remember this support, especially in difficult times [3] - Nepalese Prime Minister Oli called the event a "truly historic global friendship and commemoration" [3] Group 2 - Uzbek President Mirziyoyev attended the ceremony, indicating Uzbekistan's willingness to strengthen friendship and constructive dialogue among nations for peace and sustainable development [4] - Singapore's Deputy Prime Minister Yan Jinyong emphasized the importance of remembering history and honoring the sacrifices made during the war [4] - Hungarian Foreign Minister Szijjarto noted the impressive organization of the event and expressed respect for the Chinese people, highlighting the importance of mutual respect in Hungary-China relations [5][7]