Definitions [Definitions of Common Terms](index=4&type=section&id=Definitions%20of%20Common%20Terms) This chapter defines key terms used in the report, covering company specifics, industry concepts like IoT and dual carbon, and financial terms such as data asset capitalization - Company's short name is **"Jiahua Technology"**, full name **"Rock Jiahua Technology Group Co., Ltd"**[9](index=9&type=chunk) - Reporting period refers to **January 1, 2025, to June 30, 2025**[10](index=10&type=chunk) - Detailed definitions of key industry terms such as IoT, carbon peak, carbon neutrality, dual carbon goals, green finance, digital economy, data elements, data assets, data asset capitalization, and large models are provided[9](index=9&type=chunk) Company Profile and Key Financial Indicators [Company's Basic Information](index=5&type=section&id=Company%27s%20Basic%20Information) This section introduces Rock Jiahua Technology Group Co., Ltd's fundamental details, including its names, legal representative, and contact addresses - Company's Chinese name is **Rock Jiahua Technology Group Co., Ltd**, abbreviated as **Jiahua Technology**[12](index=12&type=chunk) - The legal representative is **Li Wei**, and the registered address is at No. 9, 205 Jingtong Street, Taihu Town, Tongzhou District, Beijing[12](index=12&type=chunk) [Contact Person and Contact Information](index=5&type=section&id=Contact%20Person%20and%20Contact%20Information) This chapter provides contact details for the company's Board Secretary and Securities Affairs Representative - The Board Secretary is **Huang Zhilong**, and the Securities Affairs Representative is **Zhang Qiao'e**, both with contact number **010-57230290**[13](index=13&type=chunk) [Brief Introduction to Changes in Information Disclosure and Document Placement Locations](index=5&type=section&id=Brief%20Introduction%20to%20Changes%20in%20Information%20Disclosure%20and%20Document%20Placement%20Locations) This section outlines the company's designated channels for information disclosure and the location for semi-annual report placement - The company's information disclosure newspapers are **Shanghai Securities News, Securities Daily, and Securities Times**, with the designated website **http://www.sse.com.cn**[14](index=14&type=chunk) [Overview of Company Shares/Depositary Receipts](index=5&type=section&id=Overview%20of%20Company%20Shares%2FDepositary%20Receipts) This chapter summarizes the company's stock information, including its type, listing exchange, abbreviation, and code - The company's stock is **RMB ordinary shares (A-shares)**, listed on the **Shanghai Stock Exchange's STAR Market**, with stock abbreviation **Jiahua Technology** and stock code **688051**[16](index=16&type=chunk) [Company's Key Accounting Data and Financial Indicators](index=6&type=section&id=Company%27s%20Key%20Accounting%20Data%20and%20Financial%20Indicators) During the reporting period, the company's operating revenue decreased by **38.91%** year-on-year, and net loss increased by **38.55%**, primarily due to intensified market competition, tight customer fiscal funds, and cautious budget allocation; however, smart dual carbon business revenue grew over **450%**, indicating new growth opportunities 2025 Semi-Annual Key Accounting Data | Indicator | Current Reporting Period (Jan-Jun) (10,000 yuan) | Prior Year Period (10,000 yuan) | Change (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Operating Revenue | 10,942.90 | 17,912.91 | -38.91 | | Total Profit | -4,279.89 | -2,899.63 | N/A | | Net Profit Attributable to Shareholders of Listed Company | -4,088.17 | -2,950.62 | N/A | | Net Profit Attributable to Shareholders of Listed Company After Non-Recurring Gains and Losses | -4,589.61 | -3,702.69 | N/A | | Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities | -3,188.19 | -2,495.72 | N/A | 2025 Semi-Annual Key Financial Indicators | Indicator | Current Reporting Period (Jan-Jun) | Prior Year Period | Change (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Basic Earnings Per Share (yuan/share) | -0.53 | -0.38 | N/A | | Weighted Average Return on Net Assets (%) | -5.85 | -3.65 | Decreased by 2.20 percentage points | | R&D Investment as % of Operating Revenue (%) | 21.07 | 15.32 | Increased by 5.75 percentage points | - Smart dual carbon business achieved operating revenue of **12.4544 million yuan**, a year-on-year increase of over **450%**, accounting for **11.38%** of current operating revenue[20](index=20&type=chunk) [Non-Recurring Gains and Losses Items and Amounts](index=7&type=section&id=Non-Recurring%20Gains%20and%20Losses%20Items%20and%20Amounts) This section details the non-recurring gains and losses items and their amounts for the reporting period, totaling **5,014,381.56 yuan**, primarily including government grants, non-monetary asset exchange gains/losses, and other non-operating income and expenses 2025 Semi-Annual Non-Recurring Gains and Losses Items | Non-Recurring Gains and Losses Item | Amount (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Gains/Losses from Disposal of Non-Current Assets | -126,349.50 | | Government Grants Included in Current Profit or Loss | 4,044,824.94 | | Gains/Losses from Fair Value Changes and Disposal of Financial Assets | 276,977.74 | | Gains/Losses from Non-Monetary Asset Exchange | 687,650.80 | | Gains/Losses from Debt Restructuring | -375,894.03 | | Other Non-Operating Income and Expenses | 771,073.41 | | Less: Income Tax Impact | 9.95 | | Minority Interest Impact (After Tax) | 263,891.85 | | Total | 5,014,381.56 | Management Discussion and Analysis [Explanation of the Company's Industry and Main Business Operations During the Reporting Period](index=8&type=section&id=Explanation%20of%20the%20Company%27s%20Industry%20and%20Main%20Business%20Operations%20During%20the%20Reporting%20Period) Jiahua Technology, an innovator in IoT big data, focuses on smart environmental protection, smart dual carbon, and low-carbon smart cities, building a "data factory" technical system that integrates AI, blockchain, cloud computing, big data, and IoT, actively responding to national policies and launching the world's first green low-carbon management platform - The company focuses on **IoT big data technology R&D and application**, accumulating core technologies in the perception layer, platform layer, and application layer[24](index=24&type=chunk) - Built a **"data factory" technical system**, integrating five core technologies: **AI, blockchain, cloud computing, big data, and IoT**[25](index=25&type=chunk) - Launched the **world's first green low-carbon management platform**, integrating **20 years of ecological environment data** with **AI large model technology** to empower the ecological environment and dual carbon sectors[25](index=25&type=chunk)[34](index=34&type=chunk) - Undertook the Ministry of Ecology and Environment's **"National Carbon Market Management Platform"** and **"National Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gas Emission Data Statistics Platform,"** comprehensively covering carbon emission monitoring, management, and trading[29](index=29&type=chunk)[30](index=30&type=chunk)[31](index=31&type=chunk) - Actively responded to national policies on **digital economy, carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and urban renewal**, participated in the compilation of the **"White Paper on Data Element Circulation Standardization (2024 Edition),"** and was selected as a typical case for **"Data Elements × Green Low Carbon"**[35](index=35&type=chunk)[36](index=36&type=chunk)[37](index=37&type=chunk)[38](index=38&type=chunk)[39](index=39&type=chunk)[40](index=40&type=chunk)[41](index=41&type=chunk)[42](index=42&type=chunk) [Discussion and Analysis of Operating Conditions](index=13&type=section&id=Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Operating%20Conditions) In the first half of 2025, the company's operating revenue decreased by **38.91%** year-on-year, and net loss increased by **38.55%**, mainly due to macroeconomic adjustments, intensified market competition, and tight customer fiscal funds; the company is actively optimizing its business structure and strategically developing dual carbon and data platform businesses to address challenges and seize opportunities from digital economy and dual carbon policies 2025 First Half Operating Performance | Indicator | Amount (10,000 yuan) | Year-on-Year Change (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Operating Revenue | 10,942.90 | -38.91 | | Net Profit Attributable to Shareholders of Listed Company | -4,088.17 | Loss increased by 38.55 | | Net Profit Attributable to Shareholders of Listed Company After Non-Recurring Gains and Losses | -4,589.61 | Loss increased by 23.95 | - Revenue decline primarily due to intensified market competition, tight customer fiscal funds, cautious budget allocation, and reduced renewal amounts for some operation and maintenance projects, leading to a decrease in gross profit margin[47](index=47&type=chunk) - The company is actively deploying **dual carbon and data platform businesses**, with smart terminals, ecological environment dual carbon cloud map, data resource management platform, and green low-carbon management platform products expected to usher in development opportunities[48](index=48&type=chunk) [Analysis of Core Competitiveness During the Reporting Period](index=14&type=section&id=Analysis%20of%20Core%20Competitiveness%20During%20the%20Reporting%20Period) Jiahua Technology's core competitiveness lies in strong R&D capabilities, rich data resources, extensive customer base, professional products and services, efficient operational capabilities, and unique brand and corporate culture; the company continues to innovate in IoT big data, especially in AI large models, data resource management, and dual carbon applications, actively participates in national standard setting, and has obtained multiple intellectual property rights and industry honors [Core Competitiveness Analysis](index=14&type=section&id=Core%20Competitiveness%20Analysis) The company's core competitiveness encompasses R&D, data resources, customer base, products and services, operational efficiency, and brand advantages; in R&D, the company possesses a national engineering technology center, over **1,000** intellectual property rights, and integrates five core technologies (A+B+C+D+I); regarding data resources, it has built a "data factory" system and "ecological environment dual carbon cloud map"; customer advantage is reflected in extensive government and enterprise client coverage and high stickiness; product and service advantage lies in providing full lifecycle solutions; operational advantage is demonstrated in platform-based services across smart environmental protection, smart dual carbon, and smart cities; brand advantage stems from its industry position and technological strength - The company undertakes the **National Engineering Technology Center for Industrial Pollution Source Monitoring** under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the **National Engineering Research Center for IoT Applications**, possessing over **1,000** independent intellectual property rights[49](index=49&type=chunk)[50](index=50&type=chunk) - Built a **"data factory" technical system**, integrating **artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud computing, big data, and IoT** five core technologies, forming six core capabilities[51](index=51&type=chunk) - Possesses nearly **30 years** of urban data from various provinces, cities, and counties nationwide, and pollution emission information from over **700,000** enterprises, forming the **"ecological environment dual carbon cloud map"** core dataset[54](index=54&type=chunk) - Continuously serves the Ministry of Ecology and Environment's **"National Carbon Market Management Platform"** with its platform-based product layout and strong data processing capabilities[29](index=29&type=chunk) - Chairman **Li Wei** was appointed as an expert committee member for the **"15th Five-Year Plan"** of Beijing Urban Sub-center (Tongzhou District)[61](index=61&type=chunk) - **Rock Jiahua Technology Group** was awarded the **"National May 1st Labor Medal,"** recognizing its contributions in the ecological environment dual carbon sector and technological innovation[78](index=78&type=chunk) [Core Technologies and R&D Progress](index=22&type=section&id=Core%20Technologies%20and%20R%26D%20Progress) During the reporting period, the company continued to deepen core technology R&D, achieving significant progress in eight major areas: ecological environment dual carbon large models, data empowerment platforms (data resource management, algorithm platform, data management center), AI algorithm and system R&D, AI edge-cloud collaboration platform, Haidongqing time-series database, IoT platform, cloud-chain sharing platform, and smart terminals and data security products; the company actively participates in national standard setting, newly obtained **5** invention patents, **6** software copyrights, and **3** trademarks, with a cumulative total of **1,039** intellectual property rights; the capitalization ratio of R&D investment significantly increased, demonstrating the company's emphasis on future technological productization [Core Technologies, Their Advanced Nature, and Changes During the Reporting Period](index=22&type=section&id=Core%20Technologies%2C%20Their%20Advanced%20Nature%2C%20and%20Changes%20During%20the%20Reporting%20Period) During the reporting period, the company continued to advance core technology innovation, covering eight major areas: ecological environment dual carbon large models, data empowerment platforms, AI algorithm and system R&D, AI edge-cloud collaboration platform, Haidongqing time-series database, IoT platform, cloud-chain sharing platform, smart terminals, and data security products; in these areas, the company developed multiple advanced technologies, such as dynamic network compression, long-context understanding, retrieval-augmented generation, data asset mapping, intelligent training task scheduling, high-performance gateways, national secret-supported blockchain underlying architecture, and embedded software and hardware technologies, and actively participated in national standard setting, demonstrating its leading position in IoT big data and AI - During the reporting period, the company led or participated in the revision of **9** standards (**7** national standards, **1** industry standard, **1** group standard), and participated in the release of **12** standards[81](index=81&type=chunk) - The ecological environment dual carbon large model possesses **11** core technologies, including dynamic network compression and optimization, long-context understanding, large model capability expansion and enhancement, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), TextToSQL based on natural language generation, and smart enforcement based on large language models[82](index=82&type=chunk)[83](index=83&type=chunk)[84](index=84&type=chunk)[85](index=85&type=chunk)[86](index=86&type=chunk)[87](index=87&type=chunk)[88](index=88&type=chunk)[89](index=89&type=chunk) - The data empowerment platform includes core technologies such as the data resource management platform (data asset mapping, value dynamic evaluation model, cost-benefit quantification model), algorithm platform (intelligent training task scheduling, efficient inference service deployment, connecting to massive data from the data management center), and data management center (metadata management, data development and ETL, MCP services, file data extraction)[90](index=90&type=chunk)[91](index=91&type=chunk)[92](index=92&type=chunk)[93](index=93&type=chunk)[94](index=94&type=chunk)[95](index=95&type=chunk)[96](index=96&type=chunk)[97](index=97&type=chunk)[98](index=98&type=chunk)[99](index=99&type=chunk)[100](index=100&type=chunk)[101](index=101&type=chunk) - AI algorithm and system R&D possesses **6** core technologies, including AI algorithm model training, cross-hardware AI inference, precise traceability and dynamic pollution control, integrated air quality forecasting and early warning, multi-source time-series fusion prediction, and large model-based off-site enforcement[102](index=102&type=chunk)[103](index=103&type=chunk)[104](index=104&type=chunk)[105](index=105&type=chunk)[106](index=106&type=chunk)[107](index=107&type=chunk)[108](index=108&type=chunk) - Haidongqing time-series database possesses **12** core technologies, including time-series indexing, SQL optimization, ISR distributed algorithm, data storage encryption, pre-computation aggregation query optimization algorithm, memory limits, master-slave switching, data desensitization, lossy compression, MySQL protocol, hierarchical Binder, and Cascades optimizer[117](index=117&type=chunk)[118](index=118&type=chunk)[119](index=119&type=chunk)[120](index=120&type=chunk)[121](index=121&type=chunk) - IoT platform possesses **9** core technologies, including high-performance gateways, distributed computing engines, underlying network protocols, low-code data parsing, full-link monitoring, rule engines, big data analysis based on SQL combined with graphical operations, flexible data visualization and data asset services, and multi-source heterogeneous data flow[122](index=122&type=chunk)[123](index=123&type=chunk)[124](index=124&type=chunk)[125](index=125&type=chunk)[126](index=126&type=chunk)[127](index=127&type=chunk) - Cloud-chain sharing platform possesses **12** core technologies, including national secret-supported blockchain underlying architecture, role-based permission control system based on key pairs, secure and controllable peer-to-peer data sharing network, blockchain infrastructure supporting hardware encryption, K8S-based blockchain management platform technology, open platform technology, blockchain cross-chain subsystem, blockchain-based user authentication technology, blockchain-based data rights confirmation technology, DHT network-based blockchain file processing technology, smart contract execution supervision system, and blockchain digital asset management platform[128](index=128&type=chunk)[129](index=129&type=chunk)[130](index=130&type=chunk)[131](index=131&type=chunk)[132](index=132&type=chunk)[133](index=133&type=chunk) - Smart terminals possess **6** core technologies, including embedded software and hardware technology, smart sensor design technology, data processing and analysis technology, data perception technology, data security technology, and remote control technology[134](index=134&type=chunk)[135](index=135&type=chunk)[136](index=136&type=chunk)[137](index=137&type=chunk)[138](index=138&type=chunk)[139](index=139&type=chunk)[140](index=140&type=chunk) - Data security products possess **8** core technologies, including IAM unified identity authentication, API data security gateway, blockchain trusted storage platform, content data security platform, IoT security gateway, Haidongqing database anti-ransomware, national secret system, and commercial cryptographic service middleware technology[141](index=141&type=chunk)[142](index=142&type=chunk)[143](index=143&type=chunk)[144](index=144&type=chunk)[145](index=145&type=chunk)[146](index=146&type=chunk) - Subsidiary **Taiyuan Rock Jiahua Industrial Co., Ltd** was recognized as a national **"specialized, refined, unique, and new"** small giant enterprise, with its products being air quality monitoring products[146](index=146&type=chunk) [R&D Achievements Obtained During the Reporting Period](index=43&type=section&id=R%26D%20Achievements%20Obtained%20During%20the%20Reporting%20Period) During the reporting period, the company newly obtained **5** authorized invention patents, **6** software copyrights, and **3** trademarks; as of the end of the reporting period, the company cumulatively owned **1,039** intellectual property rights, including **52** invention patents, **38** utility model patents, **17** design patents, **617** software copyrights, and **315** trademarks Intellectual Property New Additions and Cumulative Numbers During the Reporting Period | Intellectual Property Type | New Applications in Current Period (items) | New Acquisitions in Current Period (items) | Cumulative Applications (items) | Cumulative Acquisitions (items) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Invention Patents | 1 | 5 | 41 | 52 | | Utility Model Patents | 0 | 0 | 2 | 38 | | Design Patents | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | | Software Copyrights | 7 | 6 | 1 | 617 | | Other (Trademarks) | 0 | 3 | 0 | 315 | | Total | 8 | 14 | 44 | 1,039 | [R&D Investment Table](index=43&type=section&id=R%26D%20Investment%20Table) During the reporting period, the company's total R&D investment was **23.0579 million yuan**, a year-on-year decrease of **16.00%**; expensed R&D investment decreased by **43.37%** year-on-year, while capitalized R&D investment significantly increased by **250.30%**, with the capitalization ratio of R&D investment increasing by **29.55** percentage points, mainly due to the addition of **4** capitalized projects R&D Investment | Indicator | Current Period Amount (yuan) | Prior Year Period Amount (yuan) | Change (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Expensed R&D Investment | 14,095,006.35 | 24,890,644.85 | -43.37 | | Capitalized R&D Investment | 8,962,921.47 | 2,558,665.59 | 250.30 | | Total R&D Investment | 23,057,927.82 | 27,449,310.44 | -16.00 | | Total R&D Investment as % of Operating Revenue (%) | 21.07 | 15.32 | Increased by 5.75 percentage points | | Capitalization Ratio of R&D Investment (%) | 38.87 | 9.32 | Increased by 29.55 percentage points | - The significant change in the capitalization ratio of R&D investment is mainly due to the addition of **4** capitalized projects in the current period[149](index=149&type=chunk) [R&D Project Status](index=44&type=section&id=R%26D%20Project%20Status) The company had **17** R&D projects during the reporting period, covering Digital Jiahua Platform, Scientific Regulation of Air Pollution Prevention and Control, Ecological Environment Dual Carbon Cloud Map, Smart Environmental Protection Platform, AI Visual Recognition System, Group Carbon Emission and Carbon Asset Management Platform, Industrial Park Safety Risk Intelligent Control Platform, Government Carbon Ledger, Vehicle-mounted Environmental Monitoring Series Products, Greenhouse Gas Online Automatic Monitoring System, Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Green Transformation Big Data Analysis Platform, Digital Low-Carbon Environmental Steward Operation Service Platform, and Environmental Large Model Application Platform; these projects have a total estimated investment of **164.5291 million yuan**, with **20.6894 million yuan** invested in the current period and a cumulative investment of **90.0702 million yuan**, with most projects in the functional development, testing, or trial operation stages, aiming to enhance the company's technological level and market competitiveness in smart environmental protection, dual carbon, and smart city sectors Major R&D Project Status (Partial) | No. | Project Name | Estimated Total Investment (10,000 yuan) | Current Period Investment (10,000 yuan) | Cumulative Investment (10,000 yuan) | Progress or Phased Achievements | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | 1 | Digital Jiahua Platform V2.0 | 1,433.42 | 4.84 | 1,522.94 | CRM, OA, procurement management system optimized, project management closed-loop, SaaS transformation completed | | 3 | Ecological Environment Dual Carbon Cloud Map V2.0 | 909.83 | 95.45 | 942.12 | Data element management tool entered testing, AreMod model automated operation, pollution source data verification algorithm developed | | 6 | Group Carbon Emission and Carbon Asset Management Platform V1.0 | 1,522.09 | 248.62 | 766.26 | Dual carbon cockpit, carbon target management R&D completed, support for 6 major industries and 15 sub-industries added | | 13 | Ecological Environment Digital Transformation Platform | 2,103.45 | 214.24 | 214.24 | Ecological environment enforcement large model implemented, R&D of enterprise pollutant discharge permit post-verification large model, etc | | 14 | Three-in-One Platform | 869.02 | 163.69 | 163.69 | First version of algorithm platform functions developed, data synchronization with data management center completed, data trading market R&D completed | [R&D Personnel Status](index=52&type=section&id=R%26D%20Personnel%20Status) As of the end of the reporting period, the company had **175** R&D personnel, accounting for **27.05%** of the total workforce; total R&D personnel compensation was **13.6196 million yuan**, with an average compensation of **77,400 yuan**; the R&D team is primarily composed of bachelor's and master's degree holders, with an age structure concentrated between **30-40** years old Basic Information of R&D Personnel | Indicator | Current Period Number | Prior Year Period Number | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Number of Company R&D Personnel (persons) | 175 | 200 | | R&D Personnel as % of Total Company Workforce (%) | 27.05% | 28.17% | | Total R&D Personnel Compensation (10,000 yuan) | 1,361.96 | 1,664.94 | | Average R&D Personnel Compensation (10,000 yuan) | 7.74 | 6.94 | Education Level of R&D Personnel | Education Level | Number (persons) | Proportion (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Doctoral Candidate | 1 | 0.57 | | Master's Candidate | 32 | 18.29 | | Bachelor's Degree | 131 | 74.86 | | Associate Degree | 9 | 5.14 | | High School and Below | 2 | 1.14 | | Total | 175 | 100 | [Risk Factors](index=52&type=section&id=Risk%20Factors) The company faces risks including performance growth falling short of expectations, core competitiveness challenges (rapid technology upgrades, talent loss, R&D iteration difficulties), operational risks (intensified market competition, business transformation falling short, dual carbon business uncertainties, customer concentration), financial risks (revenue decline, gross profit margin reduction, accounts receivable impairment, R&D investment, cash flow, negative operating cash flow, asset impairment), and macroeconomic environment risks; management is actively responding through R&D optimization, market promotion, and enhanced customer management [Risk of Performance Growth Falling Short of Expectations](index=52&type=section&id=Risk%20of%20Performance%20Growth%20Falling%20Short%20of%20Expectations) The company's operating revenue decreased by **38.91%** year-on-year in the first half of 2025, mainly due to macroeconomic factors, industry development, intensified market competition, tight customer fiscal funds, and cautious budget allocation; if product sales and R&D project progress fall short of expectations, the company faces the risk of sustained losses in the future - In the first half of 2025, operating revenue was **109.429 million yuan**, a **38.91%** decrease compared to the same period last year[161](index=161&type=chunk) - The risk of loss primarily stems from intensified market competition, tight customer fiscal funds, cautious budget allocation, and reduced renewal amounts for data operation service projects, leading to a gross profit margin below expectations[161](index=161&type=chunk) [Core Competitiveness Risk](index=52&type=section&id=Core%20Competitiveness%20Risk) The company faces risks from the rapid iteration of IoT technology, loss of core technical and R&D personnel, and disruptions in technology R&D iteration due to personnel changes; the company needs continuous innovation, optimized R&D investment, and talent reserves to address challenges from rapid technological development and talent mobility - The IoT industry experiences rapid technological upgrades and iterations; if the company fails to continuously innovate or successfully commercialize new technologies, its competitiveness will be weakened[163](index=163&type=chunk) - Loss of core technical and R&D personnel may hinder the achievement of the company's operational goals[163](index=163&type=chunk) - Changes in R&D personnel may lead to difficulties in the maintenance and upgrade of underlying architectural technologies (such as databases, IoT, AI platforms) and the smooth extension and expansion of main business applications[164](index=164&type=chunk) [Operational Risk](index=53&type=section&id=Operational%20Risk) The company faces risks from intensified market competition, business transformation falling short of expectations, uncertainties in dual carbon business development, and customer concentration; market competition may lead to market share decline and gross profit margin reduction; new product promotion during business transformation may take a long time, potentially affecting traditional businesses; the dual carbon market is subject to policy and institutional improvements, leading to uncertainties; customer concentration exists in the smart desulfurization operation sector - Intensified market competition in the smart environmental protection sector may lead to a decline in market share and gross profit margin[165](index=165&type=chunk) - The company's transformation to a platform-based model requires a longer time for new product promotion, which may affect traditional businesses and carry the risk of unsuccessful transformation[165](index=165&type=chunk) - Dual carbon business development is influenced by the international climate governance landscape and domestic carbon market policies and institutional improvements, posing a risk of falling short of expectations[166](index=166&type=chunk) - Customer concentration risk exists in the smart desulfurization operation sector, with a single power plant customer served for many years[166](index=166&type=chunk) [Financial Risk](index=54&type=section&id=Financial%20Risk) The company faces financial risks including revenue decline, gross profit margin reduction, impairment of accounts receivable, R&D investment (failure or impairment of capitalized projects), cash flow shortages, persistently negative operating cash flow, and asset impairment; main reasons include fewer new orders, long collection cycles, tight customer funds, and intensified market competition - Fewer new orders, reduced contract renewal amounts, and project audit settlement reductions may lead to revenue decline and gross profit margin reduction[167](index=167&type=chunk) - Accounts receivable balance has increased year by year, and deterioration of customer credit may lead to bad debts, affecting profitability and cash flow[167](index=167&type=chunk) - If capitalized R&D projects fail to develop or do not generate economic benefits, they will result in asset impairment losses[167](index=167&type=chunk) - Long customer collection cycles and tight funds may lead to cash flow shortages and persistently negative operating cash flow[168](index=168&type=chunk)[169](index=169&type=chunk) - Changes in market conditions, intensified industry competition, and technological substitution may lead to impairment of inventory, fixed assets, intangible assets, and other assets[169](index=169&type=chunk) [Industry Risk](index=55&type=section&id=Industry%20Risk) The IoT industry faces intensified competition with the entry of leading enterprises like Huawei, and the company has a gap in capital, talent, and R&D investment compared to these giants, which may affect its ability to compete in comprehensive businesses, retain existing customers, and acquire new ones - Intensified competition in the IoT industry, with the entry of leading enterprises like **Huawei**, puts the company at a disadvantage in terms of capital, talent, and R&D investment[170](index=170&type=chunk) - Competitive disadvantages may affect the company's ability to participate in comprehensive business competition, retain existing customers, and acquire new customers[170](index=170&type=chunk) [Macroeconomic Environment Risk](index=55&type=section&id=Macroeconomic%20Environment%20Risk) The development of the IoT industry is closely related to macroeconomic conditions; if the macroeconomic environment fluctuates or growth slows down, it may lead to fluctuations in demand for IoT technology applications, thereby affecting the company's business development and operating conditions - The development of the IoT industry is related to macroeconomic conditions, and macroeconomic fluctuations may affect the demand for IoT technology applications[171](index=171&type=chunk) [Major Operating Conditions During the Reporting Period](index=55&type=section&id=Major%20Operating%20Conditions%20During%20the%20Reporting%20Period) During the reporting period, the company's operating revenue decreased by **38.91%** year-on-year, and net loss increased by **38.55%**; major financial items such as operating cost, R&D expenses, net cash flow from operating activities, net cash flow from investing activities, and net cash flow from financing activities all experienced significant changes, reflecting intensified market competition, tight fiscal funds, adjustments in R&D investment structure, and changes in cash management and borrowing activities [Main Business Analysis](index=55&type=section&id=Main%20Business%20Analysis) During the reporting period, the company's operating revenue decreased by **38.91%** year-on-year, and operating cost decreased by **33.66%** year-on-year, mainly due to intensified market competition and tight customer fiscal funds leading to fewer orders; R&D expenses decreased by **43.37%** year-on-year, mainly due to reduced R&D personnel and increased capitalized projects; net cash flow from operating activities was negative due to reduced sales collections, net cash flow from investing activities significantly decreased due to reduced cash management, and net cash flow from financing activities turned positive due to increased borrowings Financial Statement Related Items Fluctuation Analysis | Item | Current Period Amount (yuan) | Prior Year Period Amount (yuan) | Change (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Operating Revenue | 109,428,980.18 | 179,129,122.18 | -38.91 | | Operating Cost | 87,074,414.89 | 131,259,258.78 | -33.66 | | Selling Expenses | 8,459,329.88 | 11,066,273.06 | -23.56 | | Administrative Expenses | 28,970,444.79 | 34,373,432.21 | -15.72 | | Financial Expenses | 757,194.23 | 691,219.42 | 9.54 | | R&D Expenses | 14,095,006.35 | 24,890,644.85 | -43.37 | | Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities | -31,881,866.46 | -24,957,225.44 | N/A | | Net Cash Flow from Investing Activities | 11,805,673.40 | 89,887,068.00 | -86.87 | | Net Cash Flow from Financing Activities | 2,286,656.61 | -1,826,407.56 | N/A | - Operating revenue decrease mainly due to intensified industry market competition, tight fiscal funds in various regions, and a reduction in company orders[173](index=173&type=chunk) - R&D expenses decrease mainly due to a reduction in R&D personnel, decreased salaries and wages, and an increase in capitalized R&D projects[174](index=174&type=chunk) - Net cash flow from investing activities significantly decreased by **86.87%**, mainly due to a reduction in cash management in the current period[174](index=174&type=chunk) [Analysis of Assets and Liabilities](index=56&type=section&id=Analysis%20of%20Assets%20and%20Liabilities) At the end of the reporting period, the company's total assets and net assets attributable to shareholders of the listed company both decreased; trading financial assets significantly decreased by **94.98%**, mainly due to the recovery of cash management funds; notes receivable increased by **292.07%**, due to new bank notes with lower credit ratings; right-of-use assets increased by **49.26%**, due to new office space leases; development expenditures increased by **93.49%**, due to new capitalized R&D projects; employee compensation payable decreased by **58.64%**, due to the distribution of bonuses and severance benefits accrued in the previous year Asset and Liability Status Changes (Partial) | Item Name | Current Period End Amount (yuan) | Current Period End as % of Total Assets (%) | Prior Year End Amount (yuan) | Prior Year End as % of Total Assets (%) | Change from Prior Year End (%) | Explanation | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Cash and Bank Balances | 63,715,118.02 | 6.54 | 80,346,375.99 | 7.83 | -20.70 | | | Trading Financial Assets | 1,003,243.84 | 0.10 | 20,000,944.44 | 1.95 | -94.98 | Mainly due to recovery of cash management funds | | Notes Receivable | 12,469,096.72 | 1.28 | 3,180,286.25 | 0.31 | 292.07 | New bank notes with lower credit ratings at current period end | | Right-of-Use Assets | 5,165,535.26 | 0.53 | 3,460,798.96 | 0.34 | 49.26 | New office space leases at current period end | | Development Expenditures | 8,008,466.34 | 0.82 | 4,138,963.93 | 0.40 | 93.49 | Mainly due to new capitalized R&D projects in current period | | Employee Compensation Payable | 8,105,893.26 | 0.83 | 19,596,315.35 | 1.91 | -58.64 | Mainly due to distribution of bonuses and severance benefits accrued at prior year end | [Investment Status Analysis](index=57&type=section&id=Investment%20Status%20Analysis) At the end of the reporting period, the company's financial assets measured at fair value totaled **2.7189 million yuan**, a significant decrease from **23.7668 million yuan** at the beginning of the period; current period purchases amounted to **154 million yuan**, and sales/redemptions amounted to **173 million yuan**, mainly reflecting changes in structured deposits Changes in Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value | Asset Category | Beginning Balance (10,000 yuan) | Fair Value Change Gains/Losses in Current Period (10,000 yuan) | Current Period Purchases (10,000 yuan) | Current Period Sales/Redemptions (10,000 yuan) | Other Changes (10,000 yuan) | Ending Balance (10,000 yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Other (Structured Deposits) | 2,000.09 | 0.23 | 15,400.00 | 17,300.00 | 0 | 100.32 | | Other (Receivables Financing) | 376.59 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -205.02 | 171.57 | | Total | 2,376.68 | 0.23 | 15,400.00 | 17,300.00 | -205.02 | 271.89 | [Analysis of Major Holding and Participating Companies](index=58&type=section&id=Analysis%20of%20Major%20Holding%20and%20Participating%20Companies) During the reporting period, the company's major subsidiary, Taiyuan Rock Jiahua Industrial Co., Ltd, achieved operating revenue of **49.3024 million yuan** and net profit of **6.9480 million yuan**; other subsidiaries such as Taiyuan Rock Jiahua Data Technology Co., Ltd and Chengdu Jiahua IoT Cloud Technology Co., Ltd incurred losses, with Chengdu Jiahua IoT Cloud Technology Co., Ltd reporting a net loss of **15.3170 million yuan** Financial Status of Major Subsidiaries (Partial) | Company Name | Operating Revenue (10,000 yuan) | Net Profit (10,000 yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Taiyuan Rock Jiahua Industrial Co., Ltd | 4,930.24 | 694.80 | | Taiyuan Rock Jiahua Data Technology Co., Ltd | 681.05 | -1,111.92 | | Beijing Jiahua Zhilian Technology Co., Ltd | 1,583.95 | -424.84 | | Shandong Rock Jiahua Technology Co., Ltd | 492.86 | -211.77 | | Rock Jiahua (Chongqing) Technology Co., Ltd | 605.37 | -435.03 | | Chengdu Jiahua IoT Cloud Technology Co., Ltd | 229.63 | -1,531.70 | Corporate Governance, Environment, and Society [Changes in Company Directors, Supervisors, Senior Management, and Core Technical Personnel](index=59&type=section&id=Changes%20in%20Company%20Directors%2C%20Supervisors%2C%20Senior%20Management%2C%20and%20Core%20Technical%20Personnel) During the reporting period, the company completed the re-election of the third board of directors, dismissing **4** directors/independent directors including Zhao Ang, and electing **4** directors/independent directors including Meng Xiaomei; concurrently, the first meeting of the fourth board of directors appointed Li Wei as General Manager, Chen Jingnan and Chi Zhihui as Deputy General Managers, Huang Zhilong as Deputy General Manager and Board Secretary, and Wang Pengpeng as Financial Controller; the identification of core technical personnel is based on their leading role in core technology areas and outstanding contributions to intellectual property Changes in Directors, Supervisors, and Senior Management | Name | Position Held | Change Status | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Zhao Ang | Director | Dismissed | | Ma Zhiming | Independent Director | Dismissed | | Zheng Jianming | Independent Director | Dismissed | | Qiang Li | Independent Director | Dismissed | | Meng Xiaomei | Director | Elected | | Huang Hong | Independent Director | Elected | | Han Yufeng | Independent Director | Elected | | Li Weifeng | Independent Director | Elected | - The first meeting of the fourth board of directors appointed **Li Wei** as General Manager, **Chen Jingnan** and **Chi Zhihui** as Deputy General Managers, **Huang Zhilong** as Deputy General Manager and Board Secretary, and **Wang Pengpeng** as Financial Controller[184](index=184&type=chunk) - Core technical personnel identification criteria: leading figures in core technology areas with profound qualifications and R&D experience; undertaking important work in the company's R&D, with outstanding contributions to the invention and design of major intellectual property[185](index=185&type=chunk) [Profit Distribution or Capital Reserve Conversion Plan](index=59&type=section&id=Profit%20Distribution%20or%20Capital%20Reserve%20Conversion%20Plan) During the reporting period, the company had no profit distribution plan or capital reserve conversion to share capital plan - The company has no profit distribution plan or capital reserve conversion to share capital plan for this semi-annual report[186](index=186&type=chunk) Significant Matters [Fulfillment of Commitments](index=61&type=section&id=Fulfillment%20of%20Commitments) The company's controlling shareholder, actual controllers, core technical personnel, and other shareholders strictly fulfilled all commitments related to the initial public offering, including share lock-up, shareholding intentions and reduction intentions, stabilizing company stock price and share repurchase, share repurchase and compensation for fraudulent issuance, measures to mitigate dilution of immediate returns, avoiding horizontal competition, reducing and regulating related-party transactions, and social insurance and housing provident fund contributions; all commitments were strictly fulfilled on schedule, with no unfulfilled situations - Controlling shareholder **Shanghai Baiyu**, actual controllers **Li Wei** and **Wang Qian**, core technical personnel, and other shareholders strictly fulfilled share lock-up commitments related to the initial public offering[190](index=190&type=chunk)[191](index=191&type=chunk)[192](index=192&type=chunk)[193](index=193&type=chunk)[194](index=194&type=chunk)[195](index=195&type=chunk) - Controlling shareholder, actual controllers, and directors, senior management strictly fulfilled commitments to stabilize company stock price and share repurchase[197](index=197&type=chunk)[198](index=198&type=chunk) - The company, controlling shareholder, actual controllers, and directors, supervisors, senior management strictly fulfilled commitments for share repurchase and compensation for fraudulent issuance[198](index=198&type=chunk)[199](index=199&type=chunk)[200](index=200&type=chunk) - Controlling shareholder, actual controllers, and all directors, senior management strictly fulfilled measures and commitments to mitigate dilution of immediate returns[200](index=200&type=chunk)[201](index=201&type=chunk)[202](index=202&type=chunk) - Controlling shareholder, actual controllers, and shareholders holding **5%** or more, directors, supervisors, senior management strictly fulfilled commitments to avoid horizontal competition[202](index=202&type=chunk)[203](index=203&type=chunk) - Controlling shareholder, actual controllers, and shareholders holding **5%** or more strictly fulfilled commitments to reduce and regulate related-party transactions[203](index=203&type=chunk) - Controlling shareholder and actual controllers strictly fulfilled commitments regarding social insurance and housing provident fund contributions[204](index=204&type=chunk) [Non-Operating Fund Occupation by Controlling Shareholder and Other Related Parties During the Reporting Period](index=75&type=section&id=Non-Operating%20Fund%20Occupation%20by%20Controlling%20Shareholder%20and%20Other%20Related%20Parties%20During%20the%20Reporting%20Period) During the reporting period, there was no non-operating fund occupation by the controlling shareholder or other related parties - During the reporting period, there was no non-operating fund occupation by the controlling shareholder or other related parties[204](index=204&type=chunk) [Irregular Guarantees](index=75&type=section&id=Irregular%20Guarantees) During the reporting period, the company did not provide external guarantees in violation of prescribed decision-making procedures - During the reporting period, the company did not provide external guarantees in violation of prescribed decision-making procedures[204](index=204&type=chunk) [Major Litigation and Arbitration Matters](index=75&type=section&id=Major%20Litigation%20and%20Arbitration%20Matters) During the reporting period, the company had no major litigation or arbitration matters - During the reporting period, the company had no major litigation or arbitration matters[204](index=204&type=chunk) [Suspected Violations, Penalties, and Rectification of Listed Company, Its Directors, Supervisors, Senior Management, Controlling Shareholder, and Actual Controllers](index=75&type=section&id=Suspected%20Violations%2C%20Penalties%2C%20and%20Rectification%20of%20Listed%20Company%2C%20Its%20Directors%2C%20Supervisors%2C%20Senior%20Management%2C%20Controlling%20Shareholder%2C%20and%20Actual%20Controllers) During the reporting period, there were no suspected violations, penalties, or rectification situations involving the company, its directors, supervisors, senior management, controlling shareholder, or actual controllers - During the reporting period, the company, its controlling shareholder, and actual controllers did not have unfulfilled effective court judgments or large overdue debts[204](index=204&type=chunk) [Major Contracts and Their Fulfillment](index=76&type=section&id=Major%20Contracts%20and%20Their%20Fulfillment) During the reporting period, the total guarantee amount provided by the company and its subsidiaries to subsidiaries was **31.7151 million yuan**, accounting for **4.74%** of the company's net assets; specifically, Taiyuan Rock Jiahua Industrial Co., Ltd received a joint liability guarantee of **7.5075 million yuan** from the company Company's Total Guarantee Amount | Indicator | Amount (10,000 yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Total Guarantees Provided to Subsidiaries in Current Period | 750.75 | | Total Outstanding Guarantees to Subsidiaries at Period End (B) | 3,171.51 | | Total Guarantees (A+B) | 3,171.51 | | Total Guarantees as % of Company's Net Assets (%) | 4.74 | - **Taiyuan Rock Jiahua Industrial Co., Ltd** received a joint liability guarantee of **7.5075 million yuan** from the company, with a guarantee start date of **January 13, 2025**, and an expiration date of **January 13, 2026**[208](index=208&type=chunk) Share Changes and Shareholder Information [Share Capital Changes](index=79&type=section&id=Share%20Capital%20Changes) During the reporting period, there were no changes in the company's total ordinary share capital or share capital structure - During the reporting period, there were no changes in the company's total ordinary share capital or share capital structure[212](index=212&type=chunk) [Shareholder Information](index=79&type=section&id=Shareholder%20Information) As of the end of the reporting period, the total number of ordinary shareholders was **5,075**; among the top ten shareholders, Shanghai Baiyu Information Technology Co., Ltd held **31.63%** of the shares, being the controlling shareholder; Li Wei held **15.63%**, being one of the actual controllers; Li Wei and Wang Qian, as a couple, collectively controlled **48.46%** of the company's shares through direct and indirect means Total Number of Ordinary Shareholders as of the End of the Reporting Period | Indicator | Number (households) | | :--- | :--- | | Total Number of Ordinary Shareholders as of the End of the Reporting Period | 5,075 | Top Ten Shareholders' Shareholding (Partial) | Shareholder Name | Shares Held at Period End (shares) | Proportion (%) | Shareholder Nature | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Shanghai Baiyu Information Technology Co., Ltd | 24,463,099 | 31.63 | Domestic Non-State-Owned Legal Person | | Li Wei | 12,089,574 | 15.63 | Domestic Natural Person | | Gongqingcheng Huayun Investment Management Partnership (Limited Partnership) | 8,952,485 | 11.58 | Domestic Non-State-Owned Legal Person | | Li Jin | 2,500,000 | 3.23 | Domestic Natural Person | | Shanghai Pugang Enterprise Management Center (Limited Partnership) | 1,855,000 | 2.40 | Domestic Non-State-Owned Legal Person | - Actual controllers **Li Wei** and **Wang Qian**, as a couple, collectively controlled **48.46%** of the company's shares through direct and indirect means[217](index=217&type=chunk) Bond-Related Information [Corporate Bonds (Including Enterprise Bonds) and Non-Financial Enterprise Debt Financing Instruments](index=82&type=section&id=Corporate%20Bonds%20%28Including%20Enterprise%20Bonds%29%20and%20Non-Financial%20Enterprise%20Debt%20Financing%20Instruments) During the reporting period, the company had no corporate bonds (including enterprise bonds) or non-financial enterprise debt financing instruments - During the reporting period, the company had no corporate bonds (including enterprise bonds) or non-financial enterprise debt financing instruments[220](index=220&type=chunk) [Convertible Corporate Bonds](index=82&type=section&id=Convertible%20Corporate%20Bonds) During the reporting period, the company had no convertible corporate bonds - During the reporting period, the company had no convertible corporate bonds[220](index=220&type=chunk) Financial Report [Financial Statements](index=83&type=section&id=Financial%20Statements) This chapter provides the company's consolidated and parent company balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements, and statements of changes in owners' equity for the first half of 2025, comprehensively presenting the financial position, operating results, and cash flow situation at the end of the reporting period - Includes consolidated balance sheet, parent company balance sheet, consolidated income statement, parent company income statement, consolidated cash flow statement, parent company cash flow statement, consolidated statement of changes in owners' equity, and parent company statement of changes in owners' equity[222](index=222&type=chunk)[226](index=226&type=chunk)[230](index=230&type=chunk)[234](index=234&type=chunk)[237](index=237&type=chunk)[240](index=240&type=chunk)[243](index=243&type=chunk)[249](index=249&type=chunk) [Company's Basic Information](index=99&type=section&id=Company%27s%20Basic%20Information) Rock Jiahua Technology Group Co., Ltd was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange on March 20, 2020, with a total share capital of **77.3340 million shares** as of June 30, 2025; the company belongs to the software and information technology services industry, focusing on IoT big data technology R&D and application, providing full lifecycle solutions and data operation services in smart environmental protection, smart dual carbon, and low-carbon smart cities; **17** subsidiaries were included in the scope of consolidation for this period - The company was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange on **March 20, 2020**, with a cumulative issued share capital of **77.3340 million shares** as of **June 30, 2025**[253](index=253&type=chunk) - The company belongs to the **software and information technology services industry**, with its main business being **IoT big data technology R&D and application**, focusing on smart environmental protection, smart dual carbon, and low-carbon smart cities[254](index=254&type=chunk) - **17** subsidiaries were included in the scope of consolidation for this period, with no change in the scope of consolidation compared to the previous period[255](index=255&type=chunk) [Basis of Financial Statement Preparation](index=99&type=section&id=Basis%20of%20Financial%20Statement%20Preparation) The company's financial statements are prepared in accordance with enterprise accounting standards and relevant regulations of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, using the accrual basis of accounting and historical cost as the measurement basis, and a going concern assessment was performed with no significant doubts identified - Financial statements are prepared in accordance with **enterprise accounting standards** and **"Information Disclosure Rules for Companies Issuing Securities to the Public No. 15 – General Provisions for Financial Reports (Revised 2023)"** by the China Securities Regulatory Commission[257](index=257&type=chunk) - Accounting is based on the **accrual basis**, and except for certain financial instruments, **historical cost** is used as the measurement basis[259](index=259&type=chunk) - The company assessed its ability to continue as a going concern for **12 months** from the end of the reporting period and found no significant doubts[258](index=258&type=chunk) [Significant Accounting Policies and Accounting Estimates](index=99&type=section&id=Significant%20Accounting%20Policies%20and%20Accounting%20Estimates) This chapter details the significant accounting policies and estimates followed by the company in preparing its financial statements, including the classification, recognition, and measurement of financial instruments, methods for impairment provision for notes receivable, accounts receivable, and other receivables, classification and valuation of inventories, recognition of contract assets, accounting for long-term equity investments, depreciation and amortization of fixed assets and intangible assets, capitalization criteria for R&D expenditures, and specific methods for revenue recognition; the company has detailed provisions for each accounting treatment based on business characteristics and industry experience, and continuously assesses the reasonableness of key accounting estimates - Detailed provisions for the classification, recognition, measurement, and derecognition of financial assets and financial liabilities, as well as fair value determination and impairment treatment[288](index=288&type=chunk)[289](index=289&type=chunk)[290](index=290&type=chunk)[291](index=291&type=chunk)[292](index=292&type=chunk)[293](index=293&type=chunk)[294](index=294&type=chunk)[295](index=295&type=chunk)[296](index=296&type=chunk)[297](index=297&type=chunk)[298](index=298&type=chunk)[299](index=299&type=chunk)[300](index=300&type=chunk)[301](index=301&type=chunk)[302](index=302&type=chunk)[303](index=303&type=chunk)[304](index=304&type=chunk)[305](index=305&type=chunk)[306](index=306&type=chunk)[307](index=307&type=chunk)[308](index=308&type=chunk)[309](index=309&type=chunk) - Impairment provisions for notes receivable, accounts receivable, and other receivables are calculated using the **expected credit loss model**, and are grouped based on credit risk characteristics[310](index=310&type=chunk)[311](index=311&type=chunk)[312](index=312&type=chunk)[314](index=314&type=chunk)[315](index=315&type=chunk)[316](index=316&type=chunk) - Inventories are initially measured at **cost**, valued at the **weighted average method** at month-end when issued, and impairment provisions are made at the lower of cost and net realizable value at period-end[317](index=317&type=chunk)[318](index=318&type=chunk)[319](index=319&type=chunk) - Revenue recognition follows the principle of recognizing revenue when the customer obtains control of the related goods or services, and different methods are applied based on business types (product sales, operation and maintenance services, engineering construction, other businesses)[361](index=361&type=chunk)[362](index=362&type=chunk)[363](index=363&type=chunk)[364](index=364&type=chunk) - R&D expenditures are divided into research and development phases, with development phase expenditures recognized as intangible assets when specific conditions are met[345](index=345&type=chunk)[346](index=346&type=chunk) [Taxes](index=130&type=section&id=Taxes) The company's main taxes include value-added tax, property tax, land use tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge, and corporate income tax; the company and some subsidiaries enjoy high-tech enterprise income tax incentives (**15%** tax rate), while some subsidiaries enjoy Western Development encouraged industry policies (**15%** tax rate) or small and micro enterprise income tax incentives (**20%** tax rate) Major Tax Types and Rates | Tax Type | Tax Rate | | :--- | :--- | | Value-Added Tax | 13%, 9%, 6%, 5%, 3% | | Property Tax | 1.2%, 12% | | Land Use Tax | 3 yuan/sqm | | Urban Maintenance and Construction Tax | 7%, 5% | | Education Surcharge | 3% | | Local Education Surcharge | 2% | | Corporate Income Tax | 15%, 20%, 25% | - The company and its subsidiaries **Tai Luo Industrial, Jiahua Zhilian, Chengdu Company, and Rock Jiahua (Chongqing) Technology Co., Ltd** enjoy a **15%** corporate income tax preferential rate[377](index=377&type=chunk)[379](index=379&type=chunk)[380](index=380&type=chunk) - Subsidiaries **Huahuan Ecology, Tianyi Blue, Shanghai Technology, Zhihui Juyuan, Tianjin Zhichuang, Jiahua Xinghui, and Hainan Company** are eligible for small and micro enterprise corporate income tax preferential policies[381](index=381&type=chunk) [Notes to Consolidated Financial Statement Items](index=132&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statement%20Items) This chapter details the specific situation and changes of each item in the consolidated financial statements, including cash and bank balances, trading financial assets, notes receivable, accounts receivable, contract assets, receivables financing, prepayments, other receivables, inventories, non-current assets due within one year, other current assets, long-term receivables, long-term equity investments, fixed assets, construction in progress, right-of-use assets, intangible assets, long-term deferred expenses, deferred income tax assets/liabilities, other non-current assets, assets with restricted ownership or use rights, short-term borrowings, notes payable, accounts payable, contract liabilities, employee compensation payable, taxes payable, other payables, non-current liabilities due within one year, lease liabilities, provisions, deferred income, share capital, capital reserves, surplus reserves, undistributed profits, operating revenue and operating cost, taxes and surcharges, selling expenses, administrative expenses, R&D expenses, financial expenses, other income, investment income, fair value change gains, asset disposal gains, credit impairment losses, asset impairment losses, non-operating income, non-operating expenses, income tax expenses, cash flow statement items, and leases Cash and Bank Balances at Period-End | Item | Period-End Balance (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Cash on Hand | 12,691.30 | | Bank Deposits | 63,232,434.72 | | Other Cash and Bank Balances | 469,992.00 | | Total | 63,715,118.02 | Restricted Cash and Bank Balances Details | Item | Period-End Balance (yuan) | Period-Beginning Balance (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Letter of Guarantee Deposit | 402,417.00 | 327,100.00 | | Judicially Frozen Funds | 1,572,961.48 | 490,000.00 | | Total | 1,975,378.48 | 817,100.00 | Trading Financial Assets at Period-End | Item | Period-End Balance (yuan) | Period-Beginning Balance (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Structured Deposits | 1,003,243.84 | 20,000,944.44 | | Total | 1,003,243.84 | 20,000,944.44 | Accounts Receivable Book Value at Period-End | Category | Period-End Book Value (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Impairment Provision for Individual Items | 0 | | Impairment Provision for Portfolio | 364,584,964.04 | | Total | 364,584,964.04 | Inventory Classification Book Value at Period-End | Item | Period-End Book Value (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Raw Materials | 8,196,205.38 | | Work in Progress | 52,591.86 | | Finished Goods | 3,075,751.90 | | Revolving Materials | 748,320.97 | | Contract Performance Costs | 21,583,311.38 | | Consigned Processing Materials | 18,095.13 | | Total | 33,674,276.62 | Fixed Assets Book Value at Period-End | Item | Period-End Book Value (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Buildings and Structures | 253,067,674.53 | | Office Equipment | 1,330,656.30 | | Machinery and Equipment | 29,841,724.72 | | Transportation Vehicles | 936,862.96 | | Smart Environmental Monitoring Equipment | 9,966,036.52 | | Total | 295,142,955.03 | Intangible Assets Book Value at Period-End | Item | Period-End Book Value (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Land Use Rights | 36,970,639.41 | | Software | 4,992,741.72 | | Data Resources | 4,838,748.10 | | Total | 46,802,129.23 | Short-Term Borrowings at Period-End | Item | Period-End Balance (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Guaranteed Loans | 63,715,105.18 | | Credit Loans | 10,000,000.00 | | Factoring Financing | 5,000,000.00 | | Total | 78,715,105.18 | Operating Revenue and Operating Cost for the Current Period | Item | Revenue (yuan) | Cost (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Main Business | 108,956,681.68 | 86,885,609.16 | | Other Businesses | 472,298.50 | 188,805.73 | | Total | 109,428,980.18 | 87,074,414.89 | Operating Revenue by Product Type | Product Type | Operating Revenue (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | | Smart Environmental Protection | 74,388,767.73 | | Smart City | 21,880,645.48 | | Smart Dual Carbon | 12,454,406.85 | | Other | 232,861.62 | | Total | 108,956,681.68 | R&D Expenses for the Current Period | Item | Current Period Amount (yuan) | Prior Period Amount (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Salaries and Benefits | 11,354,935.56 | 20,304,619.56 | | Technical Consulting and Service Fees | 473,038.12 | 781,397.57 | | Material Consumption | 303,583.60 | 87,156.51 | | Depreciation and Amortization | 1,424,190.24 | 2,795,371.74 | | Office and Travel Expenses | 535,916.20 | 916,524.23 | | Other | 3,342.63 | 5,575.24 | | Total | 14,095,006.35 | 24,890,644.85 | Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities | Item | Current Period Amount (yuan) | Prior Period Amount (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities | -31,881,866.46 | -24,957,225.44 | [R&D Expenditures](index=179&type=section&id=R%26D%20Expenditures) During the reporting period, the company's total R&D expenditures were **23.0579 million yuan**, of which **14.0950 million yuan** was expensed R&D and **8.9629 million yuan** was capitalized R&D; capitalized R&D expenditures significantly increased by **250.30%** year-on-year, mainly due to the addition of several important capitalized R&D projects, including Ecological Environment Dual Carbon Cloud Map V2.0, Ecological Environment Digital Transformation Platform, Digital Jiahua Platform V3.0, Three-in-One Platform, and Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Green Transformation Big Data Analysis Platform R&D Expenditures by Expense Nature | Item | Current Period Amount (yuan) | Prior Period Amount (yuan) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Salaries and Benefits | 17,563,366.34 | 22,348,568.60 | | Depreciation and Amortization | 2,561,657.51 | 3,179,917.58 | | Technical Consulting and Service Fees | 1,857,665.98 | 844,014.90 | | Office and Travel Expenses | 752,616.13 | 983,873.47 | | Material Consumption | 318,879.25 | 87,360.65 | | Other | 3,742.61 | 5,575.24 | | Total | 23,057,927.82 | 27,449,310.44 | | Of which: Expensed R&D Expenditures | 14,095,006.35 | 24,890,644.85 | | Capitalized R&D Expenditures | 8,962,921.47 | 2,558,665.59 | Important Capitalized R&D Projects (Partial) | Project | R&D Progress | Estimated Completion Time | Capitalization Start Date | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Ecological Environment Dual Carbon Cloud Map V2.0 | 100% completed | 2025/4/30 | 2024/1/1 | | Ecological Environment Digital Transformation Platform | 16% completed | 2027/12/31 | 2025/2/1 | | Digital Jiahua Platform V3.0 | 25% completed | 2026/12/31 | 2025/1/1 | | Three-in-One Platform | 25% completed | 2026/12/31 | 2025/1/1 | | Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Green Transformation Big Data Analysis Platform | 16% completed | 2027/12/31 | 2025/1/1 | [Changes in Consolidation Scope](index=182&type=section&id=Changes%20in%2

罗克佳华科技集团股份有限公司 2025年度提质增效重回报专项行动方案的 半年度评估报告 本公司董事会及全体董事保证本公告内容不存在任何虚假记载、误导性陈述或 者重大遗漏，并对其内容的真实性、准确性和完整性承担法律责任。 为深入贯彻党的二十大和中央金融工作会议精神，落实国务院《关于进一步 提高上市公司质量的意见》的要求，公司积极响应上海证券交易所《关于开展沪 市公司"提质增效重回报"专项行动的倡议》，罗克佳华科技集团股份有限公司 （以下简称"公司"或"佳华科技"）于 2025 年 4 月 30 日制定并发布了《关于 2025 年度"提质增效重回报"行动方案的公告》，公司根据行动方案内容，积 极开展和落实各项工作，现将 2025 年上半年的主要工作成果报告如下： 一、持续聚焦核心业务，积极把握发展机遇 证券代码：688051 证券简称：佳华科技 公告编号：2025-024 二、强化创新驱动，促进全面发展 公司始终坚持以数据为核心、以平台为载体和中枢，通过"核心技术产品化、 信息工程数据化、数据要素价值化"等举措构建了"数据工厂"的技术体系。融 合 A+B+C+D+I 五大核心技术（A 人工智能（AI）、B 区块链 ...

关于召开 2025 年半年度业绩说明会的公告 本公司董事会及全体董事保证本公告内容不存在任何虚假记载、误导性陈述 或者重大遗漏，并对其内容的真实性、准确性和完整性依法承担法律责任。 证券代码：688051 证券简称：佳华科技 公告编号：2025-026 罗克佳华科技集团股份有限公司 重要内容提示： 会议召开时间：2025 年 10 月 10 日(星期五) 下午 13:00-14:00 会 议 召 开 地 点 ： 上 海 证 券 交 易 所 上 证 路 演 中 心 （ 网 址 ： http://roadshow.sseinfo.com/） 会议召开方式：上证路演中心网络互动 （一） 会议召开时间：2025 年 10 月 10 日(星期五) 下午 13:00-14:00 （二） 会议召开地点：上海证券交易所上证路演中心 （三） 会议召开方式：上证路演中心网络互动 三、 参加人员 公司董事长、总经理李玮先生，副董事长、副总经理陈京南女士，董事、副 总经理、董事会秘书黄志龙先生，财务总监王朋朋先生，独立董事李卫锋先生将 参加会议。（如有特殊情况，参会人员将可能进行调整） 投资者可于 2025 年 9 月 25 日(星 ...

Core Viewpoint - The announcement details the share reduction results of Rokke Jiahua Technology Group Co., Ltd, highlighting the actions taken by major shareholders and the impact on shareholding structure [1][2][3]. Group 1: Major Shareholder Holdings - Before the reduction plan, Shanghai Pugang Enterprise Management Center (Limited Partnership) held 2,500,000 shares, accounting for 3.23% of the total shares, all of which were obtained before the company's initial public offering and were released from restrictions on March 20, 2023 [2]. - Individual shareholder Li Jin also held 2,500,000 shares, representing 3.23% of the total shares, and is recognized as a concerted actor with Shanghai Pugang, together holding 5,000,000 shares or 6.46% of the total shares [2]. Group 2: Implementation Results of the Reduction Plan - The reduction plan was announced on May 6, 2025, with Shanghai Pugang intending to reduce up to 1,160,000 shares, not exceeding 1.50% of the total shares, through centralized bidding or block trading from May 28 to August 25, 2025 [3]. - As of the announcement date, Shanghai Pugang had reduced 773,300 shares, which is 1% of the total share capital, with a total reduction amounting to 18,997,220 yuan. Post-reduction, Shanghai Pugang holds 1,726,700 shares, or 2.23% of the total share capital [3][4].

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - The announcement details the shareholding structure and the results of a share reduction plan by Rokke Jiahua Technology Group Co., Ltd, highlighting the actions taken by major shareholders and the impact on the company's stock ownership. Group 1: Shareholding Structure - Major shareholder Shanghai Pugang Enterprise Management Center (Limited Partnership) held 2,500,000 shares, representing 3.23% of the total shares before the reduction plan [1] - Individual shareholder Li Jin also held 2,500,000 shares, bringing the combined ownership of both parties to 5,000,000 shares, or 6.46% of the total shares [1][2] - Both shareholders are recognized as acting in concert due to their relationship, which influences their disclosure obligations regarding share reductions [2] Group 2: Share Reduction Plan Results - The company disclosed a share reduction plan on May 6, 2025, allowing for a maximum reduction of 1,160,000 shares [1][3] - From May 28, 2025, to August 25, 2025, Shanghai Pugang reduced its holdings by 773,300 shares, accounting for 1% of the total share capital, with a total reduction amounting to 18,997,220 yuan [1][3] - After the reduction, Shanghai Pugang holds 1,726,700 shares, which is 2.23% of the total shares [1][3] - The actual reduction was consistent with the previously disclosed plan, and the plan was completed within the specified timeframe [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that Shanghai Pugang Enterprise Management Center (Limited Partnership) has successfully implemented its share reduction plan for Jiahua Technology, reducing its stake in the company [1][4]. Group 2 - Before the reduction, Shanghai Pugang held 2.5 million shares, accounting for 3.23% of the total shares, and was recognized as a concerted actor with individual shareholder Li Jin, bringing their combined holdings to 6.46% [2]. - The reduction plan announced on May 6, 2025, aimed to reduce up to 1.16 million shares, or 1.50% of the total shares, due to funding needs, with a reduction period from May 28, 2025, to August 25, 2025 [3]. - As of the announcement date, Shanghai Pugang reduced its holdings by 1.16 million shares, representing 1% of the total share capital, with a total reduction amounting to 18,997,220 yuan, bringing its current holdings to 1.7267 million shares, or 2.23% [4].

证券代码：688051 证券简称：佳华科技 公告编号：2025-023 减持计划的实施结果情况 公司于 2025 年 5 月 6 日披露了《股东减持股份计划公告》（公告编号： 2025-016）。上海普纲因自身资金需求，计划通过集中竞价或大宗交易的方式减 持其持有的公司股份，减持数量不超过 1,160,000 股，即不超过公司股份总数的 1.50%，自公告日起 15 个交易日后的 3 个月内进行，期间为 2025 年 5 月 28 日至 2025 年 8 月 25 日。 公司于近日收到上海普纲出具的《关于股份减持计划届满结果的告知函》，截 至本公告披露日，上海普纲于 2025 年 5 月 28 日至 2025 年 8 月 25 日内，通过集 中竞价交易方式累计减持公司股份 773,300 股，占公司总股本的 1%，减持总金 1 罗克佳华科技集团股份有限公司 股东减持股份结果公告 本公司董事会、全体董事及相关股东保证本公告内容不存在任何虚假记载、 误导性陈述或者重大遗漏，并对其内容的真实性、准确性和完整性依法承担法律 责任。 重要内容提示： 大股东持有的基本情况 本次减持计划实施前，罗克佳华科技集团股份有限公司 ...

Market Performance - On August 18, the IT services sector rose by 2.95%, with Jiahua Technology leading the gains [1] - The Shanghai Composite Index closed at 3728.03, up 0.85%, while the Shenzhen Component Index closed at 11835.57, up 1.73% [1] Top Gainers in IT Services - Jiahua Technology (688051) closed at 39.71, up 13.59% with a trading volume of 39,200 lots and a turnover of 149 million [1] - Huina Technology (300609) closed at 59.88, up 13.41% with a trading volume of 183,400 lots and a turnover of 1.098 billion [1] - Guozi Software (872953) closed at 41.69, up 10.52% with a trading volume of 91,100 lots and a turnover of 36.5 million [1] - Huasheng Tiancai (600410) closed at 20.68, up 10.00% with a trading volume of 1,651,700 lots and a turnover of 3.357 billion [1] - Zhongke Jincai (002657) closed at 38.85, up 9.99% with a trading volume of 949,700 lots and a turnover of 3.484 billion [1] Underperformers in IT Services - Sichuang Medical (300078) closed at 3.57, down 10.08% with a trading volume of 1,800,800 lots and a turnover of 633 million [2] - Yunda Technology (300440) closed at 13.59, down 5.89% with a trading volume of 402,300 lots and a turnover of 571 million [2] - ST Diwei (300167) closed at 6.89, down 4.04% with a trading volume of 223,700 lots and a turnover of 157 million [2] Capital Flow Analysis - On the same day, the IT services sector experienced a net outflow of 117 million from institutional investors and 1.358 billion from speculative funds, while retail investors saw a net inflow of 1.475 billion [2][3] - Major stocks like Huasheng Tiancai and Runhe Software saw varying degrees of net inflow and outflow from different investor categories [3]

Group 1 - Yabont Chemical signed a 10-year supply strategic agreement with Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine to enhance collaboration in the pharmaceutical supply chain, effective from August 1, 2025 [1] - Wei Hua New Materials plans to acquire controlling interest in Jiangsu Heyutai Chemical to extend its product chain and improve competitiveness, currently in the planning stage [2] - Fujirey received a government subsidy of 2.0074 million yuan, expected to positively impact profits in 2025 [4] Group 2 - Hangzhou Garden won the land use rights for a plot in Yuhang District for 130 million yuan, planning to build a smart ecological design R&D headquarters with a total investment of no more than 450 million yuan [5] - Baotai's clinical trial for BAT5906, a recombinant anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, received approval for new indications, aiming to accelerate commercialization [6] - Weisheng Information won multiple projects with a total bid amount of 110 million yuan, including significant contracts with Southern Power Grid and State Grid [8] Group 3 - Dong'an Power reported a 27.37% year-on-year increase in engine sales for July, totaling 34,500 units [13] - Hanma Technology's truck sales reached 956 units in July, marking a 42.69% year-on-year increase [14] - Jiangsu Bank's executives received regulatory approval for their positions, effective immediately [15] Group 4 - Chip Origin expects Q2 revenue of 584 million yuan, a 49.90% increase quarter-on-quarter, with significant growth in intellectual property licensing fees [24] - Dream Network Technology plans to establish a high-end equipment industry investment fund with a target fundraising of 2 billion yuan [26] - Hefei Urban Construction and China Real Estate Development won land use rights for a residential plot in Hefei for 980 million yuan [28] Group 5 - Lu Kang Pharmaceutical's subsidiary received a drug registration certificate for a new medication for erectile dysfunction [28] - Lifan Pharmaceutical's Mesalazine enteric-coated tablets received a drug registration certificate for treating ulcerative colitis [29] - Yahu Pharmaceutical's APL-1401 clinical trial for ulcerative colitis showed positive preliminary results [30]

Core Viewpoint - Jiahua Technology (688051.SH) announced a share reduction plan by its shareholder, Qiongqing City Huayun Investment Management Partnership, due to personal funding needs of employees, intending to reduce up to 1,546,680 shares, representing 2% of the total shares [1] Group 1: Share Reduction Plans - Qiongqing City Huayun plans to reduce shares through centralized bidding or block trading, with a maximum of 1,546,680 shares, not exceeding 2% of total shares [1] - The reduction via centralized bidding will occur within three months after the announcement, with a limit of 1% in any consecutive 90 days [1] - The reduction via block trading will also occur within three months after the announcement, with a limit of 2% in any consecutive 90 days [1] Group 2: Financial Performance - Jiahua Technology's revenue from 2021 to 2024 was 4.86 billion, 2.61 billion, 3.22 billion, and 3.00 billion respectively, with net profits of -1.29 billion, -2.88 billion, -2.08 billion, and -1.03 billion [3] - In Q1 2025, the company reported revenue of 55.57 million, a year-on-year decrease of 44.46%, with a net profit of -13.29 million compared to -9.38 million in the same period last year [3] - The operating cash flow for Q1 2025 was -32.37 million, compared to -15.14 million in the previous year [3] Group 3: IPO and Fundraising - Jiahua Technology was listed on the Sci-Tech Innovation Board on March 20, 2020, with an issue price of 50.81 yuan per share, raising a total of 982 million, with a net amount of 864 million [2] - The company initially aimed to raise 500 million for projects related to atmospheric environment AI big data systems and AI research and development [2] - The total issuance costs for the IPO were 118 million, including underwriting and sponsorship fees of 96.34 million [2]