Public Disclosure Authorized WRG OFFERING: ADVANCING GLOBAL WATER SECURITY THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE COLLABORATION WRG OFFERING: ADVANCING GLOBAL WATER SECURITY THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE COLLABORATION Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 2030 WATER RESOURCES GROUP OFFERING: Advancing global water security through public-private collaboration WRG OFFERING: ADVANCING GLOBAL WATER SECURITY THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE COLLABORATION 2 BANK GROUP Public Disclosure Authorized WHO WE ARE proceed to priori ...

Public Dis Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan SECTOR ASSESSMENT REPORT sure Authorized May 2024 ORLD BANK 9 Law on Environmental Impact Assessment and Expert Examination remote areas. The five landfills identified should have been located in: • Yerevan: serving also the Marzes of Aragatsotn, Armavir, Ararat and Vayots Dzor • Shirak: serving the Marz of Shirak only • Lori: serving the Marzes of Lori and Tavush • Kotayk: serving Kotayk and Gegharkunik Marzes • Syunik: serving the Marz of Syunik onl ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The B-READY framework assesses the business environment across three pillars: Regulatory Framework, Public Services, and Operational Efficiency, with a focus on identifying areas for policy reform and improvement [10][11][19] Summary by Sections Pillar I: Regulatory Framework - This pillar evaluates the rules and regulations that businesses must adhere to, emphasizing clarity, fairness, and sustainability [10] - Economies in the top quintile generally exhibit strong regulatory frameworks, with high-income economies dominating this category [43][54] Pillar II: Public Services - The Public Services pillar has the lowest average score among the three pillars, indicating significant room for improvement in service delivery to businesses [74] - Estonia scores the highest in this pillar, while Greece has the lowest score within the top quintile [74] Pillar III: Operational Efficiency - Singapore is highlighted as the top performer in Operational Efficiency, with an average score of 78.67 points, indicating effective use of public services relevant to firms [75] - The variation in scores within this pillar suggests uneven performance levels among economies [75] Performance Distribution - Economies are categorized into quintiles based on their scores across the three pillars, with significant diversity observed in performance levels [20][26] - The fourth quintile includes economies facing challenges due to weak regulatory frameworks and public services, which constrains operational efficiency [25][81] Topic-Level Insights - The report provides detailed performance metrics across ten topics, revealing specific areas where economies can improve [48][91] - Correlations between topics indicate that economies excelling in one area often perform well in others, suggesting interconnectedness in business environment factors [32][92] Digital Adoption and Gender - The report highlights the variance in digital public service adoption among economies, with a need for broader development of digital services [93] - Gender disparities are noted, with a call for improved data collection and gender-sensitive policies to support women-owned businesses [94]

Industry Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry, but it highlights the economic challenges and opportunities in El Salvador, particularly in relation to poverty reduction and labor market dynamics [7][28][32] Core Views - El Salvador has shown significant poverty reduction over the past two decades, with a notable drop of 17 percentage points between 2009 and 2019, although extreme poverty has increased since 2019 [32] - Economic growth has been the primary driver of poverty reduction, but income redistribution has played a minimal role, indicating a need for policies that address both growth and inequality [32] - The labor market in El Salvador is characterized by low productivity and high informality, with 64% of workers engaged in informal jobs in 2023 [95][113] Chapter Summaries Chapter 1: Dimensions of Poverty and Equity in El Salvador - Poverty in El Salvador has decreased since 2000, but persistent issues such as high child poverty and geographic disparities remain [42] - Multidimensional poverty affects 25% of households, with significant deprivations in housing, education, employment, and health [85] - Labor income disparities are pronounced, with extremely poor households earning significantly less than non-poor households [87] Chapter 2: Without Work There Is No Prosperity - Labor productivity growth in El Salvador has been driven by within-sector improvements, but the reallocation of labor across sectors has declined [113] - The majority of businesses in El Salvador are microenterprises, which employ 75% of salaried workers but have low labor productivity [96] - Job instability and underemployment are prevalent, particularly among the poor, with 25% of salaried workers holding temporary positions [110] Chapter 3: Beyond Work, What Do Salvadorans Live On? - Non-labor income, particularly from private transfers like remittances, plays a crucial role in household budgets, especially for the poor [109] - Remittances account for 24% of GDP in 2023, making El Salvador one of the top ten countries globally in terms of remittance inflows [49] - Public transfers are limited, with only 0.2% of household income coming from non-pension cash transfers, compared to 2.1% in Central America [110] Chapter 4: Poverty and Climate Change - El Salvador is highly vulnerable to climate shocks, with climate-related disasters costing the country 0.75% of GDP annually [70] - Climate change exacerbates food insecurity, with 61% of the extremely poor reporting concerns about running out of food in 2023 [159] - The Dry Corridor, which covers 73% of El Salvador's districts, is particularly susceptible to droughts and floods, further increasing poverty risks [176] Chapter 5: How to Improve Well-Being for All? - Income generation through better job opportunities is essential for sustainable poverty reduction, particularly for women and vulnerable groups [178] - Social protection programs need to be expanded and better targeted, with a focus on improving the coverage and effectiveness of cash transfers [146] - Investments in education, health, and infrastructure are critical for long-term poverty reduction and resilience against climate shocks [170]

The PNG Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Business Intelligence (BI) team, led by José De Buerba (Senior External Affairs Officer) and Svetlana Markova (Senior External Affairs Officer). Yulia Danilina, Jessica Cameron, Nan Lin, and Sofya Gubaydullina oversaw the design, reporting, and analysis of the survey results. Noreen Wambui and Irina Popova provided data support. Overall Context The Future Role of the Wo ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the cooperative financial institutions (CFIs) sector Core Insights - Cooperative financial institutions (CFIs) have significant potential to enhance financial inclusion in underserved areas, particularly in rural and marginal urban regions, but face challenges such as inadequate regulation, weak financial safety nets, and limited management capacity [16][17] - The World Bank and Rabo Partnerships project aims to strengthen CFIs by improving their regulatory and supervisory frameworks and financial safety nets, focusing on Colombia, Ethiopia, and West Africa [17][22] Summary by Sections Background and Objective of the Project - The project promotes CFIs as a means to enhance financial inclusion and mobilize private capital, particularly in rural areas where they are often the only financial service providers [29][30] - Strengthening CFIs is seen as a cost-effective policy for financial sector development compared to creating new retail networks [23][24] Project Objective and Main Activities - The project supports the development of CFIs to better serve smallholder farmers and rural MSMEs, employing a parallel approach to strengthen regulatory frameworks and provide technical support [32][34] Selection Process of Pilot Countries/Jurisdictions - Colombia, Ethiopia, and West Africa were selected based on their potential for public sector engagement and the relevance of the CFI sector for financial inclusion [41][43] Key Observations and Next Steps - The project found that CFIs can serve as a financial lifeline in conflict-affected areas, with larger and integrated CFIs proving more resilient [70] - Future efforts will focus on enhancing the regulatory environment and supporting the integration of CFIs to improve their operational efficiency [52][68] Lessons Learned - The project highlighted the importance of parallel improvements in CFIs' regulatory frameworks, financial safety nets, and institutional development [72]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - The poverty rate in South Sudan is alarmingly high, with 75.9% of the population living below the national poverty line of SSP358,724, and 67.3% living in extreme poverty, defined as less than SSP298,478 annually [38][138]. - The report highlights that poverty is particularly severe in rural areas, where approximately 80% of the population is poor, compared to about 60% in urban areas [38][144]. - The economic situation has deteriorated significantly since independence, with real GDP per capita declining to about one-third of its value in 2011, while average consumer prices have increased dramatically [44][116]. - Food insecurity has worsened, affecting nearly three-quarters of the population, with 53% experiencing moderate food insecurity and 20% facing severe food insecurity [62][255]. - The report identifies persistent conflict, inadequate state capacity, and extreme natural disasters as key drivers of poverty and food insecurity in South Sudan [87][88]. Summary by Sections Chapter 1: Poverty and Inequality: Profile and Trends - The national poverty rate was estimated at 78.4% in 2021, with extreme poverty at 71.5% [138]. - Consumption inequality is substantial, with a Gini coefficient of 0.45 nationally, indicating significant disparities in wealth distribution [140][152]. - Multidimensional poverty affects 92.6% of the population, with rural areas experiencing higher rates of deprivation [181][182]. - The report notes that poverty is widespread across all states, with some counties exhibiting poverty rates exceeding 80% [188][193]. Chapter 2: Food Security - Food insecurity has reached critical levels, with significant increases in both moderate and severe food insecurity since 2010 [255][262]. - The report indicates that rural residents are disproportionately affected, with 75% experiencing moderate to severe food insecurity compared to 52% in urban areas [269][270]. - Low household food production and limited access to markets are identified as major contributors to food insecurity [308][328]. - Persistent conflict and climate shocks exacerbate food insecurity, with floods and droughts significantly impacting agricultural productivity [360][371]. Chapter 3: Shocks and Resilience - The report highlights that 70% of households experienced at least one shock in the six months prior to the survey, with high food prices being the most common shock [353][358]. - Floods are a significant climate-related shock, affecting 27% of households, particularly in vulnerable regions [360][366]. - Households employ various coping strategies in response to shocks, with many resorting to emergency measures that deplete their resources [432][433]. Chapter 4: Policy Considerations - The report emphasizes the need for institutional reforms and human capital development to address the underlying causes of poverty and food insecurity [460][466]. - Recommendations include improving access to education and health services, enhancing food security through agricultural investments, and building resilience to climate shocks [470][476]. - The report calls for increased government investment in social protection programs to support the most vulnerable populations [447][448].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - Cambodia has made incremental progress in modernizing its core government systems, improving its Government Technology Maturity Index (GTMI) from 0.45 in 2020 to 0.58 in 2022, but lacks a centralized full-suite Human Resource Management Information System (HRMIS) [9][24]. - The absence of a well-functioning HRMIS presents challenges for effective human resource management in the Cambodian civil service, which consists of over 284,484 active and contracted staff [10][27]. - Investment in a full-suite HRMIS is essential for improving HR practices and aligning with public administration reform and digital government transformation priorities [10][12]. Summary by Sections I. Introduction - The report outlines the need for modernizing HRMIS in Cambodia to enhance public sector effectiveness and efficiency [18]. - It highlights global trends and challenges in HRM and HRMIS development, emphasizing technology as a key enabler for improvement [18]. II. Current Status and Challenges - Cambodia's GTMI scores have improved, but a centralized HRMIS is still lacking, leading to inefficiencies in personnel data management [24][26]. - The Ministry of Civil Service (MCS) has introduced outdated HRMIS and payroll systems, which are not fully integrated or fit for modern HR practices [10][27]. III. Towards a Modernized HRMIS - The report recommends a roadmap for HRMIS modernization, emphasizing the need for a phased approach to implement prioritized modules [12][29]. - Successful implementation can streamline HR processes, reduce manual work, and enhance decision-making capabilities [12][31]. IV. Recommendations - The report suggests that careful planning, collaboration, and user-friendly design are crucial for the successful transition to a full-suite HRMIS [13][15]. - Legal and regulatory compliance is necessary to support the modernization process, particularly concerning data management and privacy [16]. V. Benefits of HRMIS Implementation - A full-suite HRMIS can improve data management, decision-making, employee experience, and cost efficiency [32]. - It can also standardize HR processes across the civil service, leading to better resource allocation and improved public service delivery [32][33].

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Public Disclosure Authorized Early-Stage Evaluation of the Multiphase Programmatic Approach Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org ATTRIBUTION Please cite the report as: World Bank. 2024. Early-Stage Evaluation of the Multiphase Programmatic Approach. Independent Evaluation Group. Washington, DC ...