Industry Overview - The superconducting materials industry is a crucial segment of advanced materials, showcasing unique properties such as zero electrical resistance and the Meissner effect, with applications in energy, transportation, medical, and high-end manufacturing sectors [2][5]. - The industry has evolved from low-temperature superconductors to high-temperature superconductors, becoming a focal point in global technological competition, especially with the increasing demand for clean energy and efficient transmission [2][5]. Major Superconducting Materials and Preparation Processes - Superconducting materials are categorized based on critical temperature: low-temperature superconductors (Tc ≤ 25K) and high-temperature superconductors (Tc ≥ 25K) [11][12]. - Low-temperature superconductors include NbTi and Nb3Sn, while high-temperature superconductors include various cuprates like YBCO and Bi-2212 [11][12]. - The preparation methods for these materials vary, with powder-in-tube (PIT) being the mainstream process for most superconductors, while advanced techniques like pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) are used for high-temperature superconductors [42][67]. Key Application Areas - The primary application of superconducting materials is in the field of controlled nuclear fusion and high-field applications, where their ability to carry large currents and generate strong magnetic fields is essential [30][31]. - Superconducting materials are also utilized in power applications, such as superconducting cables, motors, and energy storage systems, enhancing efficiency and reducing size and weight [30][31]. Competitive Landscape of High-Temperature Superconductors - The competitive landscape for high-temperature superconductors is characterized by ongoing technological advancements and the emergence of new materials, with companies like SuperPower and Fujikura leading in the development of REBCO materials [50][68]. - The market is witnessing a shift towards the commercialization of high-temperature superconductors, with significant investments from governments and private sectors aimed at enhancing production capabilities and reducing costs [50][68]. Market Size Forecast - The superconducting materials market is expected to grow significantly, driven by increasing applications in energy, transportation, and advanced manufacturing sectors, with a focus on reducing operational costs and improving efficiency [2][5]. Related Companies - Key players in the superconducting materials industry include SuperPower, Fujikura, and various domestic companies in China such as Shanghai Superconductor and Eastern Superconductor, each employing different technological routes for material production [68].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" recommendation for the superconducting materials industry, particularly focusing on high-temperature superconductors [2]. Core Insights - The breakthrough in high-temperature superconducting wire technology is expected to advance the commercialization of Tokamak nuclear fusion devices, which are the mainstream technology for nuclear fusion globally [1][9]. - The market for high-temperature superconducting materials is projected to grow at a CAGR of over 20% from 2023 to 2028, with the market size expected to reach $2.15 billion by 2028, up from $850 million in 2023 [5][28]. - The competitive landscape for second-generation high-temperature superconducting wires is favorable, with key suppliers including Shanghai Superconductor and Eastern Superconductor, which hold significant market shares [5][29]. Summary by Sections 1. What are Superconductors and Superconducting Materials? - Superconducting materials exhibit zero electrical resistance and the ability to expel magnetic fields under certain conditions, significantly enhancing the magnetic field strength in Tokamak devices, thus reducing construction costs [9][10]. 2. Composition, Barriers, and Applications of Superconducting Magnets - Superconducting magnets constitute about 30% of the cost of Tokamak devices, with superconducting wires being the primary cost component [34]. - The main technical barriers in superconducting magnet manufacturing include material performance, conductor technology, winding techniques, and protection against quenching [38]. 3. Company Analysis in the Superconducting Sector - Key players in the superconducting wire segment include: - **Western Superconductor**: Leading in low-temperature superconducting materials and the only supplier of NbTi wire for ITER in China [46]. - **Shanghai Superconductor**: A leader in high-temperature superconducting wire with an IPO in progress, holding over 80% market share domestically [50]. - **Eastern Superconductor**: A subsidiary of Yongding Co., focusing on high-temperature superconducting wire production [64]. - **Lianchuang Optoelectronics**: Engaged in high-temperature superconducting magnet production and has secured contracts for significant projects [69]. - **Xue Ren Co. and Ice Wheel Environment**: Suppliers of helium gas compression systems essential for low-temperature superconducting applications [71][74].

Core Insights - The article discusses the rapid advancements in nuclear fusion technology and outlines key milestones and future projections for the industry [1][2][6][17]. Group 1: Current Progress and Future Milestones - The ITER project is set to begin plasma experiments with deuterium-tritium by 2036 and aims for full magnetic energy operation by 2039 [2]. - The HL-3 project in China is expected to achieve a fusion triple product of 10^20 by May 2025, marking significant progress in fusion experiments [3]. - The EAST project has already set a world record by achieving 1 billion degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds in January 2025 [4]. - The BEST project is scheduled to be completed by 2027 and aims to demonstrate fusion power generation by 2030 [5]. Group 2: Investment and Market Growth - The nuclear fusion industry is projected to attract over $7.1 billion in investments in 2024, with new funding exceeding $900 million and public funding increasing by 57% to $426 million [6]. - The global nuclear fusion market is expected to grow from $345.1 billion in 2025 to $633.8 billion by the end of 2037, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.1% [6]. Group 3: Key Components and Materials - Key components in nuclear fusion include the magnet system, in-vessel components (like the divertor and blanket), and vacuum chambers, which account for 28%, 17%, and 8% of the total construction cost, respectively [7][51]. - Essential materials for fusion reactors include tungsten, beryllium, RAFM steel, superconductors, and tritium breeding materials, with breakthroughs in high-temperature superconductors and tungsten alloys expected to accelerate industry development [8][9][10][11]. Group 4: Global Fusion Device Status - As of June 2025, there are 168 fusion devices globally, with tokamaks, stellarators, and inertial lasers being the most common types [37]. - The United States leads in the number of fusion devices, followed by Japan and China, with significant contributions from Russia, the UK, Germany, and France [37]. Group 5: China's Role in Fusion Development - China has committed to producing 18 key components for the ITER project, covering nearly all critical parts of the device [47]. - The country is advancing rapidly in fusion technology, with projects like the HL-3 and EAST positioning it among the top players in the global fusion landscape [52][58].

Industry Insights - The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) emphasizes the need to enhance the resource security of important metal minerals and accelerate the comprehensive development of the non-ferrous metal industry chain, including exploration, investment, development, construction, smelting, and processing [1] - A new round of mineral exploration strategy is being implemented to increase reserves and production of important metal minerals, while also promoting a positive image of central enterprises in the "going out" strategy [1] - There is a focus on achieving high-quality stable growth by closely monitoring macroeconomic conditions and industry trends, adjusting business strategies, and planning major projects to support domestic demand expansion [1] Technology and Market Trends - High-temperature superconductors are expected to see increased market share due to ongoing developments in superconducting cables and controlled nuclear fusion applications [2] - The ReBCO tape is anticipated to significantly reduce production costs compared to first-generation high-temperature superconductors, presenting vast commercial prospects [2] - Controlled nuclear fusion is viewed as a potential ultimate solution for human energy needs, with commercial development prospects expected to accelerate as domestic and international projects progress [2] Company Developments - Western Superconductor is the only company in China that has achieved commercial production of superconducting wires, with products used in major scientific projects such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and China's fusion reactor [3] - Baile Electric has developed superconducting current limiter technology and is involved in the construction of smart grids for the State Grid, with products certified by IEC to enhance grid stability [3] - Dongfang Tantalum is recognized as the world's largest research and manufacturing base for superconducting niobium materials, achieving a stable RRR value of over 500 for high-purity superconducting niobium materials [4]

Summary of Superconducting Materials and Nuclear Fusion Industry Conference Call Industry Overview - The superconducting materials industry is divided into low-temperature and high-temperature superconductors, with low-temperature superconductors already commercialized for applications like MRI, but reliant on expensive liquid helium. High-temperature superconductors are used in magnetic levitation, quantum computing, and nuclear fusion, but face challenges in large-scale production, requiring cost reduction and performance enhancement [1][4][5]. Key Points and Arguments - **Production Techniques**: High-temperature superconducting tapes are multi-layered structures, with common production methods including IBAD, PVD, and CVD. PVD is noted for producing smooth films, while other methods like PLD, MOCVD, and MOD each have their advantages and disadvantages affecting conductor performance [1][7][10]. - **Market Demand**: Domestic high-temperature superconducting material production capacity is approximately 7,000 kilometers, but actual output is limited by yield. The demand for the Xinghuo No. 1 project is estimated to be between 15,000 to 20,000 kilometers, indicating a tight supply-demand situation. Shanghai Superconductor plans significant capacity expansion in the coming years [3][15][16]. - **Nuclear Fusion Applications**: Superconducting materials are widely used in Tokamak devices, with the ITER project’s magnet investment accounting for about 28% of total investment. Domestic projects like EAST have substantial magnet investments, indicating a growing application of superconductors in nuclear fusion [11][12]. - **Industry Growth**: The nuclear fusion industry is accelerating, supported by policy and technological advancements. The planning and initiation of experimental and engineering demonstration reactors are expected to lead to increased capital expenditures. The superconducting materials segment is under pressure due to tight processing steps and rising demand [12][14]. Additional Important Insights - **Technological Routes**: Different companies adopt various high-temperature superconducting technologies, leading to differences in tape yield, length, and width. For instance, Shanghai Superconductor and Shengchi Technology use PLD, while Yongding Holdings' Dongbu Superconductor and Superpower use MOCVD [10][17]. - **Future Trends**: High-temperature superconductors are expected to significantly impact nuclear fusion devices by enabling higher current and stronger magnetic fields, thus enhancing power output and reducing construction costs. Projects like Spark in the U.S. and domestic initiatives are moving towards full high-temperature superconducting technology [13][19]. - **Key Players**: Major domestic companies include Shanghai Superconductor, which holds a significant market share and plans to quadruple its production capacity by 2027-2028. Other notable companies include Dongbu Superconductor and West Superconductor, which are also expanding their capabilities in the superconducting materials market [16][18]. - **Investment Opportunities**: Investors should focus on companies with strong order potential and development space, such as Jinda Co., Yonglin Co., and West Superconductor, as well as related firms like Guoguang Electric and Antai Technology, which play crucial roles in equipment and components [19].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the superconducting materials industry [3]. Core Insights - The superconducting materials industry is experiencing a tight supply-demand situation, driven by the acceleration of nuclear fusion projects, which significantly increases the demand for superconducting materials [7][85]. - Superconductors are critical for generating strong magnetic fields necessary for maintaining and controlling high-temperature plasma in nuclear fusion devices, thus enhancing energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption [44][59]. Summary by Sections Section 1: Superconducting Materials - Diverse Types and Wide Applications - Superconducting materials are categorized into low-temperature superconductors (LTS) and high-temperature superconductors (HTS) based on their critical temperature [16]. - LTS materials include NbTi and Nb3Sn, while HTS materials include YBCO and BSCCO, which have practical applications in various fields [22][24]. - The report highlights the unique properties of superconductors, such as zero electrical resistance and complete diamagnetism, which are essential for their applications in advanced technologies [11][12]. Section 2: Superconductors as Key Technologies in Accelerating Nuclear Fusion - Superconducting magnets are essential components of Tokamak devices, used to create the strong magnetic fields required for plasma confinement [38][44]. - The ITER project exemplifies the application of LTS materials in its magnet systems, which account for approximately 28% of the total cost of the device [44]. - The report discusses the potential of HTS materials to improve efficiency and reduce operational costs in next-generation fusion devices like SPARC [59][62]. Section 3: Tight Supply-Demand Dynamics in the Industry Chain - The supply of superconducting materials, particularly in the form of wires and tapes, is currently tight due to the increasing demand from nuclear fusion projects [85]. - Key companies in the superconducting materials sector include Shanghai Superconductor Technology Co., Ltd., which specializes in the production of high-temperature superconducting tapes, and other firms like YD and Lianchuang Optoelectronics, which are involved in various aspects of superconducting technology [85].

Summary of Yongding Co., Ltd. Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Yongding Co., Ltd. - **Date**: June 10, 2025 Industry Focus - **Key Industries**: Superconducting wire materials, optical chips, traditional optical products, and overseas power engineering projects Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Expansion in Superconducting Wire Materials**: Yongding is actively expanding its superconducting wire materials business, establishing partnerships with various enterprises and research institutions. The market demand is rapidly increasing, particularly in the controlled nuclear fusion sector, with plans to expand production capacity to 20,000 kilometers to meet this demand [2][7][13] 2. **Optical Chip Factory Completion**: The optical chip factory was completed in June 2023, and the company has established connections with leading domestic manufacturers. Sales are expected to see breakthroughs in the second half of this year and next year [4][2] 3. **Stable Traditional Business**: The traditional business segments, including optical rods, fibers, and cables, are maintaining stability. Overseas projects, such as the Bangladesh power grid renovation project valued at $1.14 billion, are expected to contribute to sales [6][2] 4. **Broad Market Prospects for Superconducting Materials**: The superconducting wire market has vast potential, with applications in controlled nuclear fusion, maglev transportation, MRI medical technology, and military sectors. However, domestic production capacity is currently insufficient [7][2] 5. **High Technical Barriers**: The technical barriers in superconducting materials are significant, primarily due to R&D investment and intellectual property accumulation. Yongding has invested heavily and developed core processes, making it one of the few manufacturers capable of large-scale production globally [10][2] 6. **Future Development Strategy**: The company plans to accelerate capacity expansion to meet growing market demand while continuing to push for technological advancements. The focus will be on developing optical chips and superconducting wire materials [8][9][2] Additional Important Points 1. **Market Demand Growth**: The demand for superconducting wire materials in the controlled nuclear fusion field has significantly increased, with requirements growing from several kilometers to potentially hundreds of kilometers in the coming years [3][2] 2. **Challenges in Material Development**: The compact design of devices poses challenges for internal materials, and while the issue of quenching has not been fully resolved, existing superconducting materials meet current design requirements [12][2] 3. **Production Capacity and Profitability**: Yongding aims to achieve a production capacity of 5,000 kilometers by the end of 2025, with current capacity exceeding 2,000 kilometers. The company plans to rapidly expand to 18,000 to 20,000 kilometers by 2026 [13][2] 4. **Diverse Applications Beyond Fusion**: The company is also making significant progress in various superconducting applications, including magnetic levitation technology and military applications, while also planning to promote superconducting cables and power applications [14][2] 5. **Strategic Layout in Optical and Electrical Fields**: Yongding's strategic layout focuses on enhancing its supply chain in both optical and electrical fields, with an integrated solution in the optical sector and increased investment in electric vehicle wiring and superconducting power [15][2]

Group 1: Industry Developments - The successful testing and acceptance of China's first compact P-band high-power metamaterial traveling wave tube marks a significant breakthrough in the field of neutron sources, showcasing China's core capabilities in high-end RF device development [1] - The market share of high-temperature superconducting materials is expected to gradually expand due to ongoing developments in applications such as superconducting cables and controlled nuclear fusion [1] - REBCO tape, compared to first-generation high-temperature superconductors, is anticipated to significantly reduce production costs and has vast commercial prospects, especially in the development of 16T@4.2K superconducting magnet systems [1] Group 2: Company Highlights - Dongfang Tantalum Industry focuses on the localization of superconducting niobium materials, leveraging its full industry chain advantages and technological innovations to become a leading enterprise in the superconducting materials sector [2] - Western Superconducting Technologies utilizes its comprehensive superconducting material technology and major engineering experience to break international monopolies in fields such as nuclear fusion, medical imaging, and quantum computing [2] - Guoli Co., Ltd. is a platform enterprise for high-end electronic vacuum devices, entering the large scientific engineering and nuclear fusion fields with superconducting supporting devices (traveling wave tubes, cooling systems), characterized by high technical barriers and clear self-control determinacy [2]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company with a target price of 67.20 CNY, based on a 42x PE ratio for 2025 [2][4]. Core Insights - The company has received the Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award for its key technology and engineering application results related to the EAST large scientific device, indicating strong technological capabilities [1]. - The company is expected to benefit from a recovery in downstream demand and advancements in nuclear fusion projects, which may lead to synchronized growth across its various business segments [1]. Financial Forecast and Performance - Revenue projections for 2025 and 2026 have been adjusted to 6,028 million CNY and 7,337 million CNY, respectively, reflecting a growth rate of 30.7% and 21.7% [3]. - The adjusted EPS for 2025 is forecasted at 1.60 CNY, with further increases to 1.97 CNY in 2026 and 2.41 CNY in 2027 [2][3]. - The company’s gross margin is expected to improve from 31.9% in 2023 to 35.4% by 2027, indicating enhanced profitability [3]. Business Segments and Innovations - The superconducting materials business is globally leading, with multiple projects achieving bulk supply, including superconducting wire materials for domestic nuclear fusion projects [9]. - Significant breakthroughs in high-performance high-temperature alloy technology have been achieved, enhancing the company's competitive edge in the industry [9]. - The high-end titanium alloy market is expanding, with the company developing new titanium alloy products for various sectors, including marine and nuclear industries [9].

在核聚变领域中，国光电气和合锻智能是值得关注的两家公司。国光电气主要 负责氘氚系统，占整个装置价值量的 25%。合锻智能则是顶级装置企业之一。 这些公司在未来几年内有望通过核业务实现百亿以上的市值。此外，超导磁体 中国在 ITER 项目中承担重要任务，负责制造 TF 线圈和 PF 导体，积累 了超导材料应用及核聚变领域丰富经验，目前在超导材料及其应用方面 处于全球领先地位。 江西星火一号混合堆项目是全高温超导项目，由联创超导与中核聚变设 计总院联合设计，目标是能量增益 Q 值大于 30，总投资规模超过 200 亿元，预计 2025 或 2026 年招标。 核聚变装置主要部件拆解 1：超导磁体深度 20250602 摘要 全球核聚变投资持续增长，中国预计在 2025 年新增千亿人民币投资， 推动 2030 年前单年投资额达 400 亿人民币，并计划在 2035 年前实现 商业化，预示核聚变产业进入快速发展期。 国光电气在核聚变装置氘氚系统领域占据重要地位，价值量占比达 25%，合锻智能是顶级装置企业，两家公司有望通过核业务实现百亿以 上市值增长。 超导材料在可控核聚变中应用广泛，低温超导材料已商业化，高温超导 ...