文 ｜ 明明 赵诣 丘远航 4月利率在关税落地后快速下行，而后低位震荡。展望5月，需关注外需冲击是否将在外贸数据层 面显现，而政府债发行提速阶段或是降准等货币政策工具的观察期。我们预计5月市场存在一定流 动性缺口，但幅度可控。总的来看，当前收益率曲线较为平坦，我们判断5月先牛陡后牛平的概率 更大。 ▍ 4月债市复盘：关税落地，宽幅下行后低位震荡。 4月特朗普政府关税措施落地后，股市大跌而长债利率快速下行，事后来看债市主要交易外需冲 击、倒逼宽货币发力以及股市走弱等预期。为应对关税冲击，央行对降准降息等宽货币工具表述 较为积极，不过4月并无实质性总量宽货币操作落地。伴随市场对关税反应钝化、股市稳步修复 而政策面变量相对稳健，1 0Y国债利率4月剩余时段基本稳定在1 . 6 5%附近小幅震荡为主。 ▍ 经济修复韧性待观察，关注宏观政策发力方向。 回顾4月公布的各项基本面数据，虽然通胀、金融数据成色一般，但2 5Q1经济增速好于预期。4 月政治局会议对宏观政策定调"更加积极有为"，货币政策则是延续了"适度宽松"的基调，工具层 面聚焦结构性工具。高频数据方面，地产磨底尚未改善，宽信用修复进度料将缓慢。我们预计债 市短 ...

Group 1 - The offshore RMB has strengthened significantly, surpassing the 7.20 mark against the USD for the first time since November of the previous year, with an intraday increase of over 100 points [2] - The FTSE China A50 index futures surged, reporting a rise of 0.84% [2] - The US dollar index fell below the 100 mark, reaching a low of 99.673 [2] Group 2 - The US Treasury bonds faced significant selling pressure due to the "reciprocal tariff" policy, which raised concerns about stagflation and increased financing costs, leading investors to seek refuge in gold and non-USD currencies [2] - The recent historical sell-off of US Treasuries was attributed to multiple factors, including fears stemming from the US government's tariff policies and the collapse of high-leverage trading strategies among hedge funds [2] - The Hong Kong Hang Seng Index rebounded by 1.74% to 22,504.68 points during the holiday period, reflecting the strength of the offshore RMB [2] Group 3 - The Central Political Bureau's meeting indicated a positive overall tone, stabilizing market sentiment and emphasizing the need for more proactive macro policies, which are expected to be implemented by the end of June [3] - In the short term, the Hang Seng Index is expected to fluctuate around 22,000 points, with a recommendation for investors to adopt a range trading strategy [3] - Investors are advised to focus on defensive dividend sectors while closely monitoring developments in US-China tariff negotiations and changes in non-tariff barriers [3]

Group 1 - The manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) for April is reported at 49.0%, a decrease of 1.5 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a contraction in the manufacturing sector [2][3] - High-tech manufacturing PMI remains strong at 51.5%, showing resilience against external pressures, while overall manufacturing production index falls to 49.8% [3][4] - New export orders have significantly declined by 4.3% to 44.7%, reflecting the impact of tariffs on export orders [3][4] Group 2 - The April PMI for imports decreased by 4.1 percentage points to 43.4%, and the purchasing index fell by 5.5 percentage points to 46.3%, indicating cautious spending by enterprises amid uncertainties [5] - Non-manufacturing PMI decreased by 0.4 percentage points to 50.4%, still above the critical point, but export orders dropped by 7.6 percentage points to 42.2% [6] - The construction sector continues to expand, with the civil engineering PMI rising by 6.4 percentage points to 60.9%, indicating accelerated project progress [6][7] Group 3 - The comprehensive PMI output index for April is at 50.2%, down 1.2 percentage points from the previous month, but still indicates overall expansion in production activities [7] - The manufacturing production index and non-manufacturing business activity index are reported at 49.8% and 50.4%, respectively, reflecting stable operations in manufacturing firms focused on domestic sales [7]

Group 1 - The core message emphasizes the importance of labor and the contributions of workers in achieving economic stability and growth, particularly in the context of China's ongoing modernization efforts [1][2][4] - The Chinese economy showed a positive start in 2023, with a GDP growth of 5.4% year-on-year in the first quarter, indicating resilience amid global challenges [1] - The government is focused on high-quality development and aims to leverage the strengths of the workforce to navigate complex domestic and international environments [2][3] Group 2 - The emphasis on transforming the "demographic dividend" into a "talent dividend" highlights the need for a skilled workforce to support high-quality development and maintain competitive advantages in the global market [3] - The call for enhancing labor rights and welfare, including reforms to wage determination and social security systems for various employment types, reflects a commitment to improving the livelihoods of workers [4] - The narrative stresses the importance of collective effort and individual contributions in driving forward the goals of Chinese-style modernization, reinforcing the idea that every worker plays a crucial role in this journey [4][5]

J P M O R G A N Asia Pacific Economic Research 27 April 2025 Tingting Ge (852) 2800-0143 tingting.ge@jpmorgan.com Tongfang Yuan (852) 2800-0085 tongfang.yuan@jpmorgan.com JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Hong Kong Branch China: April Politburo meeting emphasized policy reserves No rush for more incremental policy stimulus yet, as expected The April Politburo meeting was held on 25 April, focusing on economic conditions and policy guidance. This policy event has been closely watched by market participants in antic ...

月度策略/A 股市场 2025 年 4 月 30 日 继续企稳修复 2025 年 5 月份投资策略报告 分析师：费小平 SAC 执业证书编号： S0340518010002 电话：0769-22111089 邮箱：fxp@dgzq.com.cn 分析师：尹炜祺 SAC 执业证书编号： S0340522120001 电话：0769-22118627 邮箱： yinweiqi@dgzq.com.cn 分析师：曾浩 SAC 执业证书编号： S0340523110001 电话：0769-22119276 邮箱： zenghao@dgzq.com.cn | 市场主要指数 | 4 | 月份表现 | | --- | --- | --- | | | 收盘点位 | 涨跌幅 | | 上证指数 | 3279.03 | -1.70% | | 深证成指 | 9899.82 | -5.75% | | 沪深 300 | 3770.57 | -3.00% | | 创业板指 | 1948.03 | -7.40% | | 北证 50 | 1331.13 | 4.72% | | 科创 50 | 1012.42 | -1.01% | 资料来源：东莞 ...

一季度，我国经济在更加积极有为的宏观政策协同发力下实现平稳起步、良好开局。 从银行间本币市场运行情况来看，中国外汇交易中心(以下简称"交易中心")最新发布的数据显示，一季 度，货币市场日均成交及余额减少，央行完善政策工具进一步畅通利率传导机制，资金面保持平稳，回 购利率先上后下；政府债发行及交易活跃，政策落地预期调整带动市场波动，债券收益率整体大幅上 行，曲线走平；利率互换曲线整体上行，人民币衍生品成交环比增加。从成交量看，一季度银行间市场 成交452万亿元，环比减少24%，同比减少19%。 4月28日，中国人民银行副行长邹澜国在新办新闻发布会上表示，中国人民银行将按照中央政治局会议 精神，加紧实施更加积极有为的宏观政策，用好用足适度宽松的货币政策，根据国内外经济形势和金融 市场运行情况，适时降准降息，保持流动性充裕。 回购利率先上后下 今年以来，中国人民银行持续完善市场化利率形成传导机制，用好多种工具投放流动性。交易中心数据 显示，一季度，逆回购操作净投放量30438亿元(含买断式逆回购24000亿元)，中期借贷便利(MLF)净回 笼量9320亿元，国库现金定存净投放1500亿元，全季货币政策操作整体净投放 ...

分析师 贾利军 精 萃 宏观金融： 从业资格证号：F0256916 投资咨询证号：Z0000671 电话 ：021-80128600-8632 邮箱：jialj@qh168.com.cn 明道雨 从业资格证号：F03092124 投资咨询证号：Z0018827 电话：021-80128600-8631 邮箱 ：mingdy@qh168.com.cn 刘慧峰 从业资格证号：F3033924 投资咨询证号：Z0013026 电话：021-80128600-8621 邮箱 ：Liuhf@qh168.com.cn 刘兵 邮箱 ：liub@qh168.com.cn 从业资格证号：F03091165 投资咨询证号：Z0019876 联系电话：021-80128600-8630 从业资格证号：F03089928 投资咨询证号：Z0019740 电话：021-80128600-8640 海 研 究 研 究 所 晨 会 观 点 投资咨询业务资格： 证监许可[2011]1771号 东 2025年4月30日 2025五一假日期间期货市场节前风险提示 【国内宏观】首先，4月底的政治局会议表示将根据形势推出增量政策以及适时降 准和降息 ...

投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2011】1778 号 宝城期货国债期货早报（2025 年 4 月 30 日） ◼ 品种观点参考—金融期货股指板块 时间周期说明：短期为一周以内、中期为两周至一月 | 品种 | 短期 | 中期 | 日内 | 观点参考 | 核心逻辑概要 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | TL2506 | 震荡 | 震荡 | 震荡偏弱 | 区间震荡 | 短期内降息预期减弱 | 备注： 1.有夜盘的品种以夜盘收盘价为起始价格，无夜盘的品种以昨日收盘价为起始价格，当日日盘收盘 价为终点价格，计算涨跌幅度。 专业研究·创造价值 1/2 请务必阅读文末免责条款 2.跌幅大于 1%为下跌，跌幅 0~1%为震荡偏弱，涨幅 0~1%为震荡偏强，涨幅大于 1%为上涨。 3.震荡偏强/偏弱只针对日内观点，短期和中期不做区分。 ◼ 主要品种价格行情驱动逻辑—金融期货股指板块 品种：TL、T、TF、TS 日内观点：震荡偏弱 中期观点：震荡 参考观点：区间震荡 核心逻辑：昨日国债期货全面反弹，其中 30 年期国债期货上涨 0.69%，涨幅显著。近期发改委和财 政部宣布将发行超 ...

一、停止口号降准降息！择机降准降息，给个明确时间吧！大A现在"失血"严重，急需增量资金的加入，流动性的注入。媒体已经多次报道要降准降息，但 到底啥时候来个准信儿呢？ 同时，会议强调要"加紧实施更加积极有为的宏观政策"，这"加紧实施"四个字，说明政策肯定不会缺席，而且落地速度可能会加快。目前A股市场不缺资金 和政策支持，真正缺的是信心。所以，逢高减仓吧，这波行情估计快到头了。 二、跟昨天走势差不多，开盘先分歧后修复，然后窄幅震荡一天。 尾盘收盘3286点，跌幅0.05%，这控盘是不是太精准了？按理说今天应该是修复行情。出金压力小了；假期虽然有不确定性，但也不会比现在更糟糕； 除非破区间的下沿，否则节后方向选择向上的概率更高，仓位不要过度轻了，怕有概率踏空。操作方面，小长假期间，外盘的走势充满变数，其波动可能会 给节后的A股市场带来不同程度的影响。中长线而言，市场虽然在窄幅震荡，但依旧处于20日线上，可以稳步进场。 撰稿、收集数据不易，觉得有帮助的朋友可以点击关注、分享♝、点赞，支持一下，谢谢！也可点击收藏，方便日后翻查。 三、A股窄幅整理，依旧维持地量震荡格局。 三大指数均微幅收跌，市场成交额1.04万亿元，为 ...