1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the report's industry investment rating in the given content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In August 2025, the prices of alumina and electrolytic aluminum futures showed a divergent trend, with alumina prices declining and electrolytic aluminum prices rising slightly. The Fed's expected rate cut in September has increased, and the economic data in the eurozone has improved significantly. The domestic economy is generally stable, but there is greater pressure on economic growth from July to August, and more policy support is expected in the second half of the year. The increase in US steel and aluminum tariffs has limited impact on domestic aluminum prices, and the change in Shanxi's mining rights transfer registration has limited impact on domestic bauxite production. The expected oversupply of alumina remains unchanged, while electrolytic aluminum is expected to maintain a profit of over 3,000 yuan per ton in the second half of the year. As the peak season approaches, the downstream aluminum processing industry is gradually recovering, and the demand for aluminum in the new energy and automotive industries is growing rapidly, but the demand for aluminum in the real estate industry remains weak. The LME aluminum inventory is stable, and the domestic aluminum ingot inventory is approaching an inflection point. The differentiation in the recycled aluminum industry is intensifying, and the import volume in July hit a four - year low, with the expectation of remaining low in August [6][7][9]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Market Review - **Aluminum Futures Price Trends**: In August, the alumina futures price showed a downward trend, dropping from a maximum of 3,317 yuan/ton to a minimum of 3,006 yuan/ton, with a monthly decline of 9.38%. The electrolytic aluminum futures price rose slightly, reaching a maximum of 20,950 yuan/ton [7]. 3.2 Macroeconomic Environment - **US Economy**: In July, the US non - farm payrolls increased by 73,000, far lower than expected, and the unemployment rate rose to 4.2%. However, the employment rate remained relatively low, and the labor market was relatively stable. The S&P and Fitch both confirmed the US "AA +" sovereign credit rating with a stable outlook. The Fed's expected rate cut in September has increased. The market believes that a rate cut in September is a high - probability event, and attention should be paid to the decline compared to the June dot - plot [12]. - **Eurozone Economy**: The economic data in the eurozone has improved significantly. Germany's manufacturing PMI jumped from 46.9 to 49.9, approaching the boom - bust line for the first time in three years. The eurozone's August PMI rose to 50.5, breaking above the boom - bust line for the first time since June 2022. The market's expectation of the ECB's rate cut this year remains relatively stable [14]. - **Domestic Economy**: In July, China's industrial added value, social consumer goods retail sales, and fixed - asset investment all showed certain growth, but the growth rate of consumer goods retail and fixed - asset investment decreased year - on - year. The manufacturing PMI remained in the contraction range in August. It is expected that the domestic economic growth rate may decline in the second half of the year compared to the second quarter, and more policy support is awaited [20]. 3.3 Supply and Demand Analysis - **Bauxite**: The change in Shanxi's mining rights transfer registration has limited impact on domestic bauxite production. From January to July 2025, China's bauxite production increased year - on - year. Affected by the rainy season in Guinea, the shipment volume of bauxite is expected to decline from August to October, and the domestic bauxite supply may be in a tight balance or even face a slight shortage [26][29][33]. - **Alumina**: Although there have been disturbances in the alumina supply recently, the expected oversupply remains unchanged. In July 2025, China's alumina production was 7.565 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 4.6%. The operating capacity of alumina is at a relatively high level, and the production willingness of enterprises is generally high [34][35]. - **Electrolytic Aluminum**: Domestic electrolytic aluminum is expected to maintain a profit of over 3,000 yuan per ton in the second half of the year. In July 2025, China's electrolytic aluminum production was 3.78 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 0.6%. The growth space for domestic electrolytic aluminum production is limited. Overseas, there are a few incremental electrolytic aluminum projects, such as the 600,000 - ton electrolytic aluminum project of Xinfa Group's Taijing Aluminum Co., Ltd. in Indonesia, which is expected to be put into production in 2026, and the 500,000 - ton electrolytic aluminum project of Juwang in Indonesia may start production in the fourth quarter of this year [38][41][45]. - **Downstream Demand**: As the peak season approaches, the average weekly operating rate of downstream aluminum processing enterprises has increased by 0.5% to 60%. The new energy and automotive industries have strong demand for aluminum. In the first seven months of 2025, the cumulative installed capacity of solar and wind power in China increased significantly year - on - year. In July, China's automobile production and sales increased year - on - year, and it is expected that the annual automobile sales will increase by 4.7% in 2025. However, the demand for aluminum in the real estate industry remains weak [47][51][55]. 3.4 Inventory Analysis - **LME Aluminum Inventory**: The LME aluminum inventory is generally stable, and the low inventory still supports the LME market's monthly spread and basis. However, attention should be paid to the risk of policy changes regarding Russian aluminum in the overseas market [62]. - **Domestic Aluminum Ingot Inventory**: At the end of August, the domestic aluminum ingot inventory increased slightly, but it is expected that the social inventory of aluminum ingots will enter the seasonal destocking cycle in September [65]. - **Recycled Aluminum Inventory**: As of August 21, the domestic recycled aluminum alloy social inventory was 35,100 tons, with a slowdown in the inventory accumulation rate. The shortage of scrap aluminum is difficult to ease in the short term, and the ADC12 price is expected to maintain a narrow - range oscillation [73]. 3.5 Import and Export Analysis - In July 2025, the import volume of unwrought aluminum alloy was 69,200 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 28.4% and a month - on - month decrease of 10.6%. The export volume was 24,900 tons, a year - on - year increase of 38.3% and a month - on - month decrease of 3.5%. The import volume in July hit a new low since February 2021, mainly due to the long - term price inversion and the off - season demand [71].

Group 1 - Standard & Poor's upgraded Kenya's long-term sovereign credit rating from "B-" to "B" with a stable outlook [1] - The key drivers for the upgrade include strong export revenues and remittance inflows [1] - The agency warned that the rating could face new pressures if reserves decrease or refinancing risks increase [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the U.S. federal government debt is on a long-term upward trajectory, with significant implications for fiscal policy and economic stability [1][2][6] - As of August 11, the U.S. federal government debt surpassed $37 trillion, which is $1 trillion more than the previous figure reached in a shorter time frame than expected [1][3] - The debt growth rate has shown a paradoxical trend, with a slowdown in the recent increase despite the overall long-term expansion of debt [3][4] Group 2 - The U.S. federal government debt consists of both public debt and internal government debt, with public debt accounting for approximately 80% of the total [2] - Historical trends indicate that since the 1990s, U.S. federal government debt has consistently increased, with acceleration during economic crises [2][6] - Future projections suggest that if the current pace continues, the federal debt could reach or exceed $57 trillion in the next decade, with the potential for even faster growth [3][4] Group 3 - Factors contributing to the recent slowdown in debt growth include the debt ceiling reaching its limit, spending constraints, and increased tariff revenues, although the latter's impact is minimal compared to the overall debt increase [4][5] - The Trump administration's policies, including tax cuts and increased military spending, have exacerbated the fiscal deficit, leading to a projected additional $4.1 trillion in federal debt over the next decade [5][6] - The increasing debt burden will likely lead to higher interest payments, potentially nearing $2 trillion annually if the debt continues to grow at the projected rates [1][6] Group 4 - The expanding federal debt poses risks to the U.S. credit rating, with potential downgrades from rating agencies if debt levels continue to rise [6][7] - The Federal Reserve may face pressure to lower interest rates significantly to manage the debt burden, which could lead to inflationary pressures and undermine the dollar's value [7][8] - The reliance on tariffs as a revenue source is expected to persist, despite its limited effectiveness in addressing the growing fiscal deficit [7][8] Group 5 - The implications of rising U.S. debt extend globally, potentially leading to negative spillover effects on international trade and economic recovery, particularly impacting major trading partners like China [8][9] - Long-term, the systemic weakening of the dollar and U.S. Treasury securities could prompt a shift towards a more diversified global economic governance and monetary system [9]

Group 1 - Fitch maintains the US credit rating at "AA+" while expressing concerns over rising debt levels [1] - The agency highlights that high fiscal deficits and increasing government debt limit the US rating, despite expected revenue growth from tariffs [1][2] - Fitch notes that the US has not taken concrete measures to address its large fiscal deficit and rising debt burden [1] Group 2 - In 2023, Fitch downgraded the US sovereign rating from "AAA" due to worsening fiscal conditions and ongoing debt ceiling negotiations [2] - Moody's also downgraded the US sovereign credit rating, indicating rising debt levels and the loss of the last "AAA" rating [2] - Fitch's debt dynamics model suggests a rising trend in mid-term debt, increasing vulnerability to economic shocks [2] Group 3 - Despite rising debt levels, the US government's financing ability is supported by the dollar's 58% share in global reserves [2] - Fitch predicts tariff revenue will surge to $250 billion this year, significantly higher than $77 billion in 2024, which may alleviate fiscal issues [2] - Long-term projections indicate that the debt-to-GDP ratio will rise from 114.5% at the end of last year to 127% by 2027 [2] Group 4 - Fitch maintains a stable outlook for the US rating, similar to S&P Global, which also holds the "AA+/A-1+" credit rating with a stable outlook [3] - The stability in credit ratings is attributed to tariff policies that may offset recent tax cuts and spending legislation [3]

Market Developments - The London Metal Exchange (LME) has officially launched its delivery warehouse in Hong Kong, which is expected to promote the settlement of commodities in Renminbi and enhance the currency's influence in international metal trading [1] - The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced the inclusion of 407 categories of steel and aluminum products in a list subject to a 50% tariff, covering items such as wind turbines, mobile cranes, railway vehicles, furniture, compressors, and pumps [1] - The U.S. and Japan are set to discuss the implementation of $550 billion in investments in key sectors including semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, steel, and shipbuilding, with plans to establish a review mechanism to assess national interest impacts [1] Economic Indicators - Standard & Poor's has maintained the U.S. sovereign credit rating at "AA+/A-1+" with a stable outlook, reflecting expectations of continued resilience in the U.S. economy [2] - In July, new housing starts in the U.S. increased by 5.2% month-over-month, reaching an annualized rate of 1.428 million units, marking a five-month high and surpassing expectations of 1.29 million units [2] - South Korea's automobile exports in July rose by 8.8% year-over-year, with exports to the EU increasing by 32.7%, while exports to the U.S. fell by 4.6%, although the decline was less severe than the 16% drop in June [2] Inflation Data - Canada's Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 1.7% year-over-year in July, with a month-over-month increase of 0.3%; the core CPI increased by 2.6% year-over-year, remaining flat at 0.1% month-over-month [3]

Core Viewpoint - S&P Global Ratings has confirmed the United States sovereign credit rating at "AA+/A-1+" with a stable outlook, reflecting confidence in the country's economic resilience and fiscal management [1] Economic Factors - The approval of the Trump administration's signature tax and spending legislation after seven months in office demonstrates the core policy agenda [1] - The increase in effective tariff rates is expected to substantially offset potential weaknesses in fiscal conditions, which could have been triggered by recent fiscal legislation involving tax increases and spending adjustments [1] Fiscal Outlook - The stable outlook reflects expectations of continued economic resilience in the U.S. [1] - The credibility and effectiveness of monetary policy execution are acknowledged [1] - Although the fiscal deficit remains high, it has not continued to expand, supporting the growth of general government net debt [1] - The debt ceiling has been raised by $5 trillion, contributing to the overall fiscal stability [1]

Group 1 - The Ministry of Finance emphasized that S&P's decision to maintain China's sovereign credit rating with a stable outlook reflects international recognition of China's economic resilience and effective debt management [1][3] - A stable sovereign credit rating is crucial for attracting foreign investment and maintaining financing costs, as it indicates lower risk premiums for sovereign bonds, benefiting enterprises and local governments planning to issue bonds in international markets [3] - The Ministry of Finance indicated that macro policies will "continue to exert force and timely increase strength," balancing economic growth and risk prevention, which is viewed positively by international investors [3][4] Group 2 - The focus on promoting domestic and international dual circulation is highlighted, with an emphasis on expanding domestic demand to support stable growth amid global economic slowdown risks [3] - Maintaining the credit rating does not eliminate challenges, as local government debt structure adjustments and uncertainties in external trade may pose pressure points for economic performance in the second half of the year [4] - If policies can effectively balance growth and risk prevention, China's economic outlook may not only remain stable but also enhance its image as a "long-term investable" option for international investors [4]

Hot News - The national policy of exempting childcare and education fees for all kindergarten seniors is expected to benefit about 12 million children this fall, reducing family expenses by 20 billion yuan [2] - S&P maintains China's sovereign credit rating at "A+" and outlook at "stable". China's macro - policies will continue to exert force in the second half of the year [2] - In July, China's total goods trade imports and exports were 3.91 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 6.7%. Exports were 2.31 trillion yuan, up 8%, and imports were 1.6 trillion yuan, up 4.8%. The total in the first seven months was 25.7 trillion yuan, up 3.5% [2] - As of the end of July, China's foreign exchange reserves were 329.22 billion US dollars, down 2.52 billion US dollars from June. Gold reserves increased by 600,000 ounces to 73.96 million ounces, the 9th consecutive monthly increase [2] - This week, the average profit per ton of coke for 30 independent coking plants nationwide was - 16 yuan/ton, with different profit levels in different regions [3] Key Focus - Focus on urea, lithium carbonate, polysilicon, asphalt, and PP [4] Night - session Performance - Non - metallic building materials rose 2.78%, precious metals 27.77%, oilseeds 12.55%, non - ferrous metals 20.75%, soft commodities 2.49%, coal - coke - steel - ore 15.06%, energy 3.26%, chemicals 11.42%, grains 1.17%, and agricultural and sideline products 2.74% [4] Position Changes - The position changes of commodity futures sectors in the past five days are presented in the data [5] Performance of Major Asset Classes - In the equity category, the Shanghai Composite Index rose 0.16% daily, 1.86% monthly, and 8.59% annually; the Hang Seng Index rose 0.69% daily, 1.24% monthly, and 25.03% annually. In the fixed - income category, 10 - year treasury bond futures rose 0.05% daily, 0.12% monthly, and - 0.28% annually. In the commodity category, the CRB commodity index rose 0.25% daily, - 1.97% monthly, and - 0.96% annually; London spot gold rose 0.82% daily, 3.25% monthly, and 29.44% annually [6]

财政部有关负责同志就标普维持我主权信用评级有关问题答记者问 近日，财政部有关负责同志就标普国际信用评级公司维持我主权信用评级和展望不变有关问题接受了记者采访。 记者问：8月7日，标普国际信用评级公司发布报告，决定维持中国主权信用评级"A+"和展望"稳定"不变，请问财政部对此有何看法？ 答：很高兴看到标普作出维持中国主权信用评级和展望稳定的决定，标普报告对中国经济增长韧性和债务管控成效高度认可，体现了对中国经济向好前景的 信心。 2025年上半年，中国政府积极应对急剧变化的外部环境，打好政策"组合拳"，保障经济运行稳中有进，主要经济指标表现好于预期，新质生产力积极发展， 民生兜底保障进一步加强，中国经济展现强大活力和韧性。上半年，中国经济增速达到5.3%，比去年全年提高0.3个百分点。日前，国际货币基金组织将 2025年中国经济增长率预期值提高至4.8%，较4月的预期上调0.8个百分点。 下半年，中国宏观政策将持续发力、适时加力，同时保持政策连续性稳定性，增强灵活性预见性，着力稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期，有力促进国内国 际双循环，努力完成全年经济社会发展目标任务，实现"十四五"圆满收官。 从长远来看，中国经 ...

Economic Overview - Global economic growth momentum is weakening, influenced by trade frictions, monetary policy paths, and geopolitical factors, leading to increased volatility in economic and financial markets[1] - Geopolitical risks remain high, with ongoing conflicts such as the Russia-Ukraine war and tensions in the Middle East exacerbating global economic uncertainty[1] - Emerging markets are experiencing some relief in sovereign credit risk due to a global trend towards lower interest rates[1] Impact of Tariffs - Trump's tariff policy, implemented on April 2, is expected to worsen global trade imbalances and hinder economic growth, potentially harming the U.S. economy and increasing "stagflation" risks[2] - The tariffs are likely to raise inflation expectations, which may restrict the Federal Reserve's ability to lower interest rates in the short term[2] - The tariff impacts could lead to increased uncertainty in global trade and capital markets, posing downward risks to global sovereign credit levels[2] Sovereign Credit Rating Actions - Credit rating downgrades occurred for France, Germany, and Thailand due to political instability and economic challenges, with France's rating adjusted from AAg to AA-g[3][5] - Positive adjustments were made for Turkey, Serbia, Egypt, and Sri Lanka, reflecting improved economic conditions and investor confidence, with Turkey's rating upgraded from BB-g to BBg[3][5] - Belgium's credit outlook was revised to negative due to slowing economic growth and rising fiscal deficits, while the ratings for the UAE and the UK were maintained[3][5] Specific Country Insights - France faces increasing fiscal deficits and debt issues due to political discord, which could elevate borrowing costs[8] - Germany's economic outlook is dimmed by a slight recession influenced by the Russia-Ukraine conflict, alongside declining political stability affecting policy effectiveness[12] - Egypt's credit rating was upgraded due to significant foreign investment inflows and improved fiscal liquidity, stemming from the Ras El-Hekma agreement and IMF loans[19][20]