一、中国制定发布首部国家安全白皮书的背景、目的和主要内容是什么？ 答：当前，世界之变、时代之变、历史之变正以前所未有的方式展开。人类社会面临和平还是战争、繁 荣还是衰退、团结还是对抗的关键抉择，又一次站在历史的十字路口。面对外部环境变化带来的不利影 响加深、内部风险挑战增多的复杂形势，中国统筹中华民族伟大复兴战略全局与世界百年未有之大变 局，国家安全形势保持总体稳定、稳中有进，与亚太国家共同维护地区和平和发展，为动荡不安的世界 有关部门负责人就《新时代的中国国家安全》白皮书答记者问 国务院新闻办公室5月12日发布了《新时代的中国国家安全》白皮书。有关部门负责人就白皮书的发布 背景、主要内容和中国国家安全指导思想等问题回答了记者提问。 注入可靠的稳定性。 中国在此背景下发布《新时代的中国国家安全》白皮书，旨在全面阐释新时代中国国家安全工作的创新 理念、生动实践和建设成果，充分展现中国众志成城抵御外部遏制打压、维护国家利益的必胜信心，统 筹高质量发展和高水平安全的坚定决心，构建持久和平、普遍安全世界的不变初心，分享经验做法，推 动构建人类命运共同体。 白皮书全文共约2.2万字，除前言、结束语外分六个部分，分别是： ...

Core Points - The article discusses Xi Jinping's state visit to Russia and participation in the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War, emphasizing the importance of Sino-Russian relations in the context of global changes [1][2][3]. Group 1: Visit Overview - Xi Jinping's visit to Russia took place from May 7 to May 10, coinciding with the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War [1][2]. - The visit is characterized by a strong commitment to Sino-Russian strategic cooperation, with both leaders expressing confidence in their relationship despite external pressures [2][3]. Group 2: Bilateral Relations - The two countries have a long history of cooperation, evolving from friendly nations to comprehensive strategic partners, marking the best period in their relations [4][5]. - During the visit, over 20 cooperation agreements were signed, including a new investment protection agreement, highlighting the resilience of their bilateral trade [5][6]. Group 3: Historical Context - The article reflects on the historical significance of the relationship between China and Russia, emphasizing their shared experiences during World War II and the importance of remembering history to build a better future [12][17]. - Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin reaffirmed their commitment to defending the achievements of World War II and opposing any attempts to distort historical facts [14][24]. Group 4: Global Implications - The visit underscores the two countries' roles as constructive forces in maintaining global strategic stability and governance [4][28]. - Both leaders agreed on the need to promote a multipolar world and economic globalization, emphasizing the importance of multilateralism in addressing global challenges [28][30].

携手为人类前途命运争取更加光明的未来 ——国际社会高度评价习近平主席俄罗斯之行 ■新华社记者张伟 常天童 王雅楠 5月7日至10日，应俄罗斯联邦总统普京邀请，国家主席习近平对俄罗斯进行国事访问并出席在莫 斯科举行的纪念苏联伟大卫国战争胜利80周年庆典。其间，习近平主席分别会见塞尔维亚、缅 甸、古巴、委内瑞拉和斯洛伐克等国领导人。 多国人士在接受新华社记者采访时表示，习近平主席此次俄罗斯之行为推动中俄新时代全面战略 协作伙伴关系发展注入强劲动力，体现了中方致力于维护和加强全球战略稳定的大国担当。世界 各国要共同弘扬正确二战史观，坚决维护战后国际秩序，团结合作应对挑战，捍卫国际公平正 义，携手为人类前途命运争取更加光明的未来。 访俄期间，习近平主席同普京总统共同签署《中华人民共和国和俄罗斯联邦在纪念中国人民抗日 战争、苏联伟大卫国战争胜利和联合国成立80周年之际关于进一步深化中俄新时代全面战略协作 伙伴关系的联合声明》。 俄罗斯莫斯科国立大学亚非学院院长阿列克谢·马斯洛夫说，俄中联合声明表明两国一致反对纳粹 主义卷土重来、军国主义复辟以及任何篡改二战历史的企图，在许多重要国际和地区问题上立场 一致，"俄罗斯和中国 ...

Group 1 - The celebration of the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War reflects China's respect for history and its determination to uphold the achievements of World War II [1][2] - Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of remembering history to create a better future, advocating for a correct view of World War II and the necessity of international cooperation [3][4] - The event highlighted the contributions of China and the Soviet Union as key players in the fight against fascism, reinforcing the message that justice will ultimately prevail over evil [3][4] Group 2 - The establishment of the United Nations post-World War II is recognized as a significant milestone for global peace and development, with a call to maintain its authority in the face of current global challenges [4] - Xi Jinping's proposals for a community with a shared future for mankind aim to address global deficits in peace, development, security, and governance, promoting a fair and just international order [5] - The participation of military forces from over ten countries, including China, in the parade symbolizes the unity of peace-loving nations in facing global challenges [6]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the strong bilateral relationship between China and Myanmar, highlighting their shared destiny and mutual support [3][4] - China aims to deepen the construction of a community of shared destiny with Myanmar, focusing on high-quality cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative and various global initiatives [3] - Following a recent earthquake in Myanmar, China provided immediate humanitarian assistance and expressed a commitment to support Myanmar's reconstruction efforts [3][4] Group 2 - Myanmar's leadership expressed gratitude for China's timely assistance during the earthquake disaster, reflecting the deep friendship between the two nations [4] - Myanmar is committed to enhancing cooperation with China in trade, energy, and ensuring the safety of Chinese projects and personnel in Myanmar [4] - Both countries are keen to work together to address common challenges and uphold the principles of international law and the rights of developing countries [3][4]

习近平强调，80年前，中国人民和塞尔维亚人民在反法西斯战争中分别为亚洲和欧洲战场胜利作出 重要贡献。中方愿同包括塞尔维亚在内的世界各国一道，团结合作应对挑战，共同维护世界和平和国际 公平正义，维护经济全球化成果，推动构建人类命运共同体。 武契奇表示，中国是塞尔维亚最为宝贵的朋友，一直为塞提供无私支持帮助，助力塞发展经济、改 善民生。塞方坚定不移恪守一个中国原则，始终认为台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。塞方愿与中国 扩大经贸往来，欢迎更多中国企业赴塞投资兴业，将提供良好营商环境。希望中方积极参与2027年贝尔 格莱德专业类世博会。塞方赞赏中方坚定支持多边主义，中方的理念和行动增强了国际社会维护共同利 益的勇气和信心，塞方愿与中方团结应对单边主义、保护主义带来的挑战。 习近平指出，去年5月我对塞尔维亚成功进行国事访问。一年来，新时代中塞命运共同体建设开局 良好，成果有目共睹。面对世界百年变局加速演进、多重风险挑战叠加，中塞两国要保持战略定力，聚 精会神办好自己的事，传承发扬铁杆友谊，深化拓展互利合作，高质量推进中塞命运共同体建设。中方 愿同塞方加深战略沟通，加大相互支持，加强贸易、投资合作，继续支持有关项目建设和 ...

Core Viewpoint - President Xi Jinping's article emphasizes learning from history, particularly the lessons of World War II, to oppose all forms of hegemony and to work together for a better future for humanity [1][2][3]. Group 1: Historical Context and Significance - Xi Jinping highlights the importance of a correct view of World War II history, stressing that the victory over fascism was achieved through immense sacrifices, particularly by China and the Soviet Union [2][3][4]. - The article references the shared historical memories of China and Russia during World War II, reinforcing the notion of enduring friendship between the two nations [2][3]. - Various international scholars agree on the necessity of preserving historical truths to prevent the repetition of past tragedies, emphasizing the collective responsibility to uphold the memory of World War II [2][4]. Group 2: Global Governance and Cooperation - Xi Jinping calls for a global governance system based on fairness and justice, opposing unilateralism and hegemony, which aligns with the interests of developing countries [5][6]. - The article proposes three global initiatives aimed at addressing deficits in peace, development, security, and governance, advocating for dialogue and cooperation rather than division [5][6]. - The emphasis on building a community with a shared future for mankind reflects a commitment to inclusive and equitable global governance [5][6]. Group 3: Taiwan and International Order - Xi Jinping asserts that Taiwan's return to China is a crucial part of the outcomes of World War II and the post-war international order, which is widely recognized by the international community [4]. - The article warns that denying the results of World War II could severely disrupt the existing international order, highlighting China's firm stance on its core interests [4].

传承英雄血脉 捍卫公平正义 ——习近平主席署名文章引发俄罗斯各界热烈反响 新华社记者江宥林 刘恺 胡晓光 5月7日，在赴莫斯科对俄罗斯进行国事访问并出席纪念苏联伟大卫国战争胜利80周年庆典之际， 国家主席习近平在《俄罗斯报》发表题为《以史为鉴 共创未来》的署名文章。 俄罗斯科学院中国与现代亚洲研究所领衔研究员叶卡捷琳娜·扎克利亚济明斯卡娅对习近平主席在 署名文章中提到的两国携手开辟的国际"生命线"颇有研究。她表示，在反法西斯战争的危急时 刻，中国向苏联提供的多种急需战略物资和苏联向中国提供的武器装备通过这一"生命线"安全运 达，为两国取得最终胜利提供重要保障，这很好地诠释了两国人民并肩作战、相互支援的深厚情 谊。 俄罗斯胜利博物馆学术秘书鲍里斯·切利佐夫说，作为二战东方主战场，中国进行了14年艰苦卓绝 的抗日战争，为最终击败日本军国主义、赢得世界反法西斯战争胜利作出不可磨灭的贡献。"中国 战场牵制并消灭了日本侵略者主力，使其丧失了向其他战线投送大量兵力的战略机动能力，成为 击败日本军国主义的主要因素。" 坚决维护战后秩序 俄罗斯科学院中国与现代亚洲研究所领衔研究员特列什·马马哈托夫注意到，习近平主席在署名文 ...

新华社莫斯科5月7日电 5月7日，在赴莫斯科对俄罗斯进行国事访问并出席纪念苏联伟大卫国 战争胜利80周年庆典之际，国家主席习近平在《俄罗斯报》发表题为《以史为鉴 共创未来》的署 名文章。文章全文如下： 以史为鉴 共创未来 中华人民共和国主席 习近平 今年是中国人民抗日战争、苏联伟大卫国战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，也是联合国成立80 周年。在这"梨花开遍了天涯"的季节，我即将对俄罗斯进行国事访问，并出席纪念苏联伟大卫国战争胜 利80周年庆典，同英雄的俄罗斯人民一道重温历史、缅怀先烈。 历史告诉我们，光明必将驱散黑暗，正义终将战胜邪恶。纽伦堡国际军事法庭、远东国际军事法庭 把战犯永远钉在历史的耻辱柱上，这两场大审判的正义性质、历史价值、时代意义不可撼动！一切歪曲 二战历史真相、否定二战胜利成果、抹黑中苏历史功绩的图谋都不会得逞！对于任何企图开历史倒车的 行径，不仅中俄两国人民不会答应，世界各国人民也不会答应！ ——我们要坚决维护战后国际秩序。二战结束前后，国际社会作出的最重要决定就是成立联合国。 中国和苏联率先在《联合国宪章》上签字，两国在联合国安理会的常任理事国地位是历史形成的，是用 鲜血和生命换来的。 ...

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the historical significance of the victory in World War II, particularly the contributions of China and the Soviet Union in defeating fascism [1][2][3] - It highlights the importance of maintaining a correct view of history, asserting that both nations played crucial roles in the anti-fascist struggle, with China enduring the longest conflict against Japanese militarism and the Soviet Union decisively defeating Nazi Germany [3][4] - The article calls for a commitment to uphold the post-war international order established by the United Nations, stressing the need for cooperation and respect for international law [3][5] Group 2 - The article discusses the ongoing challenges posed by unilateralism and hegemonic actions in the current global landscape, urging nations to choose dialogue over confrontation [2][6] - It underscores the necessity for China and Russia to support each other on core interests and major concerns, reinforcing their strategic partnership [5][6] - The article advocates for a shared vision of global governance that prioritizes fairness and justice, promoting multilateralism and cooperation among nations [5][6]