储能、新业态和特高压发挥新能源消纳核心作用 20260127 摘要 中国为实现碳中和目标需新增 60-80 亿千瓦装机容量，发电侧降碳关键 在于提升新能源占比，通过储能、跨区消纳和就近消纳促进发展，但当 前新能源消纳是主要挑战，需电力体制改革支撑。 电力体制改革是解决新能源消纳的关键，全国统一电力市场为灵活性资 源提供商业模式，推动新能源全面入市，促进绿电直连和就近消纳，提 高系统对新能源的吸收能力。 十四五期间，光伏装机规模显著增长，但储能发展相对滞后，利用率不 足 50%，与快速发展的新能源不匹配，储能发展亟待提速。 2025 年 1 月国家发改委能源局的通知推动新能源上网电价全面市场化， 建立可持续发展价格结算机制，保障存量项目收益率稳定，通过竞价机 制保障增量项目收益预期，利好可再生能源发展。 全国统一电力市场初步形成"管住中间、放开两头"的架构，将深刻影 响新能源汽车销量，通过灵活透明的价格机制，提高系统效率并促进可 再生能源更好地融入市场。 Q&A 新能源消纳问题的根本原因是什么？ 新能源消纳问题的根本原因在于用电量的增长速度。随着我国经济进入高质量 发展阶段，全社会用电量增速不会像过去那样迅猛， ...

编者按：习近平总书记在二十届中央纪委五次全会上强调，贯彻落实党中央重大决策部署，是维护党中 央权威和集中统一领导的根本要求，也是党和人民事业不断发展进步的重要历史经验。中央和国家机关 是贯彻落实党中央决策部署的"最初一公里"，即日起，本报推出"做实第一职责 走好第一方阵"系列报 道，介绍相关派驻纪检监察组以具体化、精准化、常态化的监督检查，推动驻在单位走好践行"两个维 护"第一方阵的实践做法。 驻国家发展改革委纪检监察组抓重点压责任破梗阻 护航"国之大者"落地落实 中央纪委国家监委网站 左翰嫡 近段时间，聚焦"十五五"时期目标任务，中央纪委国家监委驻国家发展改革委纪检监察组工作人员正着 手谋划今年工作的重点，梳理出驻在单位承担的一系列重要任务，进而分解为一个个具体的项目、切 口，形成年度的政治监督台账。 驻国家发展改革委纪检监察组坚持"以项目看单位""以单位看项目"相结合，推进政治监督具体化、精准 化、常态化。"既盯住监督项目涉及的部门、司局、人员，确保职能、责任可追溯；又对每个司局承担 的任务列出事项清单，综合评价落实情况和效果，及时推动解决堵点淤点难点，为'国之大者'保驾护 航。"驻国家发展改革委纪检监察 ...

尤其是，在全社会用电量中，每3千瓦时电就有1千瓦时是绿电。国家统计局最新数据显示，2025年，规 模以上工业水电、核电、风电、太阳能等清洁能源发电3.4万亿千瓦时，比上年增长8.8%，占规模以上 工业发电量比重为35.2%，比上年提高2.1个百分点。与此同时，全年非化石能源装机占比超六成，清洁 能源正从替补能源转向主体能源。 电力作为一、二次能源转换的枢纽，处于能源体系的中心环节。机构普遍预测，"十五五"期间，我国全 社会用电量年均增速在4.2%至5.6%之间，到2030年有望突破13万亿千瓦时。随着新能源逐渐转为主体 能源，能源安全、绿电消纳、价格疏导等难题，难以在小区域内平衡解决，加快建设全国统一电力市场 成为必然选择。 电力是现代社会运转的"血液"，用电量则是经济运行的"晴雨表"和"风向标"。国家能源局最新数据显 示，2025年我国全社会用电量历史性突破10万亿千瓦时，达到10.4万亿千瓦时，同比增长5%。这一量 级在全球单一国家中尚属首次，相当于美国全年用电量的两倍多，超过欧盟、俄罗斯、印度、日本4个 经济体的年用电量总和。这一数字约为2015年我国用电量的两倍，十年间用电量翻了一番，彰显了我国 作为 ...

Group 1: Wholesale and Retail Industry - The added value of China's wholesale and retail industry is projected to reach 14.6 trillion yuan in 2025, with a year-on-year growth of 5.0%, marking a historical high [1] - Warehouse membership stores and unmanned stores are experiencing double-digit growth in retail sales, indicating a strong development momentum in the wholesale and retail sector [1] Group 2: Electricity Market - The national electricity market transaction volume is expected to reach 6.6 trillion kilowatt-hours in 2025, with a year-on-year increase of 7.4%, accounting for 64.0% of the total electricity consumption, an increase of 1.3 percentage points [2] - The rapid growth of green electricity transactions reached 328.5 billion kilowatt-hours, up 38.3% year-on-year, significantly supporting the green energy needs of enterprises [4] Group 3: Foreign Investment - Actual foreign investment in China is projected to exceed 700 billion yuan in 2025, with 70,392 new foreign-invested enterprises established, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 19.1% [5] - The manufacturing sector attracted 185.5 billion yuan, while the service sector attracted 545.1 billion yuan in foreign investment, with high-tech industries seeing significant increases [7] - Investment from Switzerland, UAE, and the UK grew by 66.8%, 27.3%, and 15.9% respectively, indicating a diversification in investment sources [9] Group 4: Intellectual Property - By the end of 2025, the number of valid domestic invention patents in China is expected to reach 5.32 million, with a significant increase in high-value patents [12][15] - The number of registered trademarks is projected to reach 49.88 million, with an average examination cycle of 4 months and a pass rate exceeding 97% [19][21] Group 5: National Standards - In 2025, China is expected to establish 1,139 new national standard substances, a year-on-year increase of 61.8%, primarily in the food safety sector [22] - A total of 19,441 national standard substances have been established to support high-quality economic and social development [25]

记者从国家能源局了解到，2025年1—12月，全国电力市场交易电量规模再创新高，达6.6万亿千瓦时， 全国统一电力市场建设加快推进。 此外，2025年全年绿色电力交易电量迅猛增长，达3285亿千瓦时，同比增长38.3%，规模达到2022年的 18倍，进一步满足企业绿色用能需求，助力产业结构绿色低碳转型。 （文章来源：央视新闻） 2025年1—12月，全国累计完成电力市场交易电量66394亿千瓦时，同比增长7.4%，占全社会用电量比 重64.0%，同比提高1.3个百分点。 ...

Core Insights - By 2025, China's electricity consumption is projected to exceed 10 trillion kilowatt-hours for the first time globally, which is more than double the annual electricity consumption of the United States and higher than the total consumption of the EU, Russia, India, and Japan combined [12] Group 1: Industry Trends - The development of high-end, intelligent, and green industries is progressing steadily, with high-end manufacturing becoming a new growth point for electricity consumption, particularly in the new energy vehicle and wind power equipment manufacturing sectors, which are expected to grow by over 20% and 30% respectively [2] - The electrification of energy production and consumption is evident, with the electrification rate of end-use energy reaching approximately 30%, surpassing that of major developed economies, thereby driving an increase in electricity consumption [4] Group 2: Power Generation Capacity - China's installed power generation capacity accounts for one-third of the global total, with more than one-third of electricity generated from renewable sources. By 2025, the combined installed capacity of wind and solar power is expected to surpass that of thermal power [6] - New energy storage capacity is projected to exceed 100 million kilowatts, representing over 40% of the global total, enhancing the stability of wind and solar power generation [6] Group 3: Electricity Transmission and Distribution - The construction and operation of multiple ultra-high voltage projects will facilitate the transmission of abundant clean energy from the western and northern regions to the eastern and central load centers, further solidifying the "West-to-East Power Transmission" and "North-to-South Power Supply" networks [8] - The establishment of a national unified electricity market is accelerating, which will enhance the role of electricity resources as a "regulator" and price guide "conductor" [10]

Core Viewpoint - The newly issued "Basic Rules for the Medium and Long-term Electricity Market" aims to transform electricity users from passive consumers to active participants, promoting a more efficient, stable, inclusive, and sustainable electricity market, which serves as a foundational framework for a unified national electricity market and a new power system [1][2][3][4] Group 1: Market Mechanism and User Stability - The rules encourage long-term power purchase agreements (PPA) and promote daily trading within the month, providing users with stable electricity supply and cost management, thus reducing risks associated with electricity price volatility [1] - By extending trading cycles and shortening trading frequencies, the rules aim to lock in long-term electricity plans and costs, enhancing the long-term balance of supply and demand [1] Group 2: Resource Optimization and Competition - The rules establish a unified technical support system for electricity trading platforms, facilitating nationwide data integration and breaking down inter-provincial barriers to optimize electricity resource allocation [2] - The introduction of cross-regional trading mechanisms allows electricity to flow from resource-rich areas to load centers, addressing the imbalance between energy distribution and concentrated demand [2] Group 3: New Entity Integration and Carbon Goals - The rules incorporate new business entities into the medium and long-term market, allowing for innovative trading methods that address the challenges of small and decentralized new entities [3] - By requiring green electricity transactions to be traceable and linked to green certificates, the rules enhance the market appeal of renewable energy sources like wind and solar power, supporting users in achieving sustainability goals [3] Group 4: Risk Management Framework - The rules implement a comprehensive risk management system through a three-tiered approach: safety verification, deviation assessment, and credit risk prevention, ensuring stable electricity supply for users [4] - The first line of defense involves safety checks by electricity dispatch agencies to prevent excessive trading that could lead to grid congestion, while the second line focuses on assessing discrepancies between actual and contracted electricity usage [4]

Group 1 - The total electricity consumption in China is projected to reach 10.3682 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, marking a 5.0% year-on-year increase, which is the first time any single country has surpassed this threshold globally [1][3] - China's electricity consumption is more than double that of the United States and exceeds the total consumption of the European Union, Russia, India, and Japan combined, highlighting the resilience and vitality of China's super-sized economy [3][4] - Over the past decade, electricity consumption has grown from 5.9198 trillion kilowatt-hours in 2016, with seven years experiencing growth rates exceeding 5% [3][4] Group 2 - The growth in electricity consumption is significantly driven by the tertiary sector, particularly the charging and swapping service industry, which saw a staggering 48.8% increase, alongside the booming information industry [1][5] - The first industry consumed 149.4 billion kilowatt-hours (up 9.9%), the second industry 6,636.6 billion kilowatt-hours (up 3.7%), and the third industry 1,994.2 billion kilowatt-hours (up 8.2%), with urban and rural residential electricity consumption at 158.8 billion kilowatt-hours (up 6.3%) [4][5] - New energy industries, such as high-end manufacturing and digital economy sectors, are emerging as significant contributors to electricity demand, with wind power equipment manufacturing and internet-related services seeing over 30% growth [5][7] Group 3 - The charging and swapping industry is identified as a new driving force for electricity consumption growth, facilitating the integration of electric vehicles and new power systems while promoting grid upgrades and technological innovation [5][6] - By the end of November 2025, the total number of electric vehicle charging infrastructure units reached 19.322 million, reflecting a 52.0% year-on-year increase, driven by the growth of the new energy vehicle and artificial intelligence sectors [6][7] - The manufacturing sector's electricity consumption continues to rise, indicating active production activities and the ongoing expansion of China's manufacturing scale and strength [7]

Core Insights - The total electricity consumption in China is projected to exceed 10 trillion kilowatt-hours for the first time in 2025, indicating significant economic growth and development [1] - The electricity consumption structure is shifting towards new and green energy, with substantial contributions from the tertiary industry and urban-rural residential sectors [2] - The supply side shows that 2025 will be the best year for energy supply security since the 14th Five-Year Plan, with effective measures taken to ensure stable electricity supply [3] Group 1: Electricity Consumption - In 2025, total electricity consumption is expected to reach 10,368.2 billion kilowatt-hours, a 5.0% increase year-on-year [1] - The first industry will consume 149.4 billion kilowatt-hours, growing by 9.9%; the second industry will consume 6,636.6 billion kilowatt-hours, growing by 3.7%; the third industry will consume 199.4 billion kilowatt-hours, growing by 8.2%; and urban-rural residential consumption will reach 158.8 billion kilowatt-hours, growing by 6.3% [2] - The contribution of the tertiary industry and urban-rural residential electricity consumption to overall growth will reach 50% in 2025 [2] Group 2: Energy Supply and Infrastructure - In 2025, the total installed power generation capacity in China is expected to exceed 3.8 billion kilowatts, a 14% increase [4] - The "West-to-East Power Transmission" project will reach a scale of 340 million kilowatts, accounting for about 23% of the national maximum electricity load [5] - The new power system is crucial for energy security and requires a balance between high-quality development and safety [4] Group 3: Future Outlook - By 2030, the proportion of renewable energy in total installed capacity is expected to exceed 50%, necessitating enhanced grid security [6] - The State Grid Corporation anticipates a fixed asset investment of 4 trillion yuan during the 15th Five-Year Plan, a 40% increase from the previous plan [6] - In 2026, the addition of over 200 million kilowatts of wind and solar power capacity is planned, along with the orderly advancement of major hydropower projects [7]

Core Viewpoint - The energy sector has demonstrated resilience and adaptability in ensuring supply security, transitioning towards a green and innovative future, and supporting high-quality economic development by 2025 [1][2]. Group 1: Energy Supply Security - Energy security is a strategic issue for national economic and social development, with a focus on ensuring supply as a top priority [2]. - In 2025, the maximum national power load reached 1.465 billion kilowatts, an increase of nearly 150 million kilowatts compared to the same period in 2024, supporting high-quality economic development [2]. - Coal production remained stable, with over 4.8 billion tons produced and approximately 470 million tons imported, maintaining a reasonable supply level [3]. - The national electricity transmission capacity reached 340 million kilowatts, facilitating resource distribution across regions [3]. Group 2: Energy Transition and Innovation - The energy sector is accelerating its transition to a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient system, with significant advancements in renewable energy [5][6]. - In 2025, new wind and solar installations reached approximately 370 million kilowatts, accounting for 22% of total electricity consumption [6]. - The coal industry is transitioning towards greener practices, with over 6 billion cubic meters of coal mine gas utilized [7]. - The wind power sector is experiencing a positive trend, with companies shifting from price competition to value competition, leading to increased profitability [7][8]. Group 3: Technological Advancements - The energy sector is embracing new technologies such as artificial intelligence and advanced storage solutions, enhancing operational efficiency and safety [9][11]. - New energy storage installations surpassed 100 million kilowatts, accounting for over 40% of the global total, indicating a shift from luxury to necessity [10]. - The implementation of the Energy Law in 2025 aims to promote high-quality development of new energy storage [10]. Group 4: Market Reforms and Opportunities - The establishment of a unified national electricity market has improved resource allocation and addressed challenges in energy transition [12][13]. - In 2025, market-based electricity transactions reached 6.6 trillion kilowatt-hours, accounting for 64% of total electricity consumption [12]. - The government has introduced measures to support private enterprises in the energy sector, enhancing market participation and investment opportunities [14].