Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) is set to officially launch a new generation of the digital renminbi (e-CNY) on January 1, 2026, transitioning from a cash-based model to a deposit currency model, enhancing the resilience and security of the payment system [1][5][8]. Group 1: Development Progress of Digital Renminbi - The development of digital renminbi began in 2014, with theoretical research and closed testing initiated by the PBOC [2]. - The pilot program for digital renminbi officially started at the end of 2019, initially in cities like Shenzhen and Suzhou, and has since expanded significantly [2]. - By November 2025, digital renminbi had processed 3.48 billion transactions, amounting to 16.7 trillion yuan [4]. Group 2: Reasons for Adjustment - The need to respond to rapidly evolving digital payment tools and the challenges they pose to central bank monetary control is a primary reason for the adjustment [6]. - There is a necessity to balance the development of digital cash with the risks of financial disintermediation and to ensure the responsibilities of commercial banks are upheld [6][7]. - The adjustment aims to integrate centralized management with decentralized blockchain characteristics, ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements [7]. Group 3: Content and Feasibility of Adjustments - The action plan outlines a shift from a digital cash model to a digital deposit currency model, with the PBOC providing technical support and regulatory oversight [8]. - The dual-layer operational framework will be optimized, where the central bank issues the currency and designated operating institutions manage wallet services for individuals and non-financial enterprises [9][12]. - The digital renminbi will be treated as a commercial bank liability, allowing for interest payments on wallet balances, thus enhancing user incentives [14][21]. Group 4: Technological Choices - The digital renminbi will be based on an account system, leveraging the advantages of existing banking infrastructure while incorporating smart contract technology for enhanced functionality [16][17]. - Blockchain technology will be utilized to ensure security and traceability in transactions, particularly in complex financial scenarios [18]. Group 5: Financial Regulation - The PBOC will establish a management committee for digital renminbi to oversee operations and ensure system security and continuity [19]. - A separation of management and operational functions will be implemented to enhance regulatory effectiveness while fostering innovation [19]. Group 6: Strategic Confidence and Development - The steady development of digital renminbi is seen as a necessary response to external pressures and a means to strengthen national strategic confidence [20]. - The transition from M0 to M1 and M2 for digital renminbi aims to enhance its usability and integration into the broader financial system, supporting macroeconomic stability [21][22].

Core Insights - Unleash Protocol announced unauthorized activity in its smart contracts, leading to the extraction and transfer of user funds [1] Summary by Categories Incident Overview - An external address gained management permissions through Unleash's multi-signature governance mechanism and executed an unauthorized contract upgrade, triggering unapproved asset withdrawals [1] - Affected assets include WIP, USDC, WETH, stIP, and vIP, which were subsequently transferred to an external address via third-party cross-chain infrastructure [1] Governance and Security - The incident appears to stem from issues within Unleash's governance and permission framework, with no evidence indicating that Story Protocol's contracts, validators, or underlying infrastructure were impacted [1] - Unleash has suspended all protocol operations in response to the incident [1]

就在这周，一则重磅消息在金融圈炸了锅。 但奇怪的是，我们小县城的朋友圈里，大家还在乐呵呵地刷着短视频，完全不知道一场"钱包革命"已经悄悄杀到了家门口。 你绝对想不到，这次数字人民币的调整，根本不是简单的"换个支付方式"，而是直接把手伸进了我们每个人的存折里。 我邻居王姨昨天去银行存钱，随口问了一句理财经理，结果对方的一番话，让她当场冷汗直流。 实话实说，咱们普通老百姓过日子，最怕的不是没钱，而是手里的钱"变了味"。 痛点一：你以为是现金，其实是"存款" 以前数字人民币就是M0（纸币替代），放在那里不生钱。现在新规一出，它变成了M1（存款替代）。 看着是好事能有利息了，但这背后的逻辑你细品：一旦变成存款，是不是就得受"取款限制"？是不是就得被大数据监控得死死的？ 痛点二：老年人的"数字鸿沟"变成了"数字天堑" 以前我妈去菜市场买菜，掏出纸币就能付。现在倒好，新规推行"全面数字化"，以后是不是连卖葱的大爷都只认二维码？ 那些玩不转智能手机的老人，在这个"无现金社会"里，不就成了寸步难行的"现代文盲"吗？ 什么意思？举个真实的例子： 2025年12月，某地发补贴，结果全是数字人民币红包。很多人想着领了钱去存起来或者 ...

在总结十年研发试点经验基础上，中国人民银行出台了《关于进一步加强数字人民币管理服务体系 和相关金融基础设施建设的行动方案》（下称《行动方案》）。《行动方案》在DC/EP（数字货币/电 子支付）理论框架下进一步优化了"双层架构"。在顶层中央银行端，数字人民币由中央银行负责业务规 则、技术标准制定，承担相关基础设施的规划、建设和运营。 数字人民币迎来重大调整！ 12月29日，记者获悉，新一代数字人民币计量框架、管理体系、运行机制和生态体系将于2026年1 月1日正式启动实施，数字人民币将从数字现金时代迈入数字存款货币时代。未来的数字人民币是中央 银行提供技术支持保障并实施监管、具有商业银行负债属性，以账户为基础、兼容分布式账本技术特 点，在金融体系内发行、流通的现代化数字支付和流通手段，具备货币价值尺度、价值储藏、跨境支付 职能。 《行动方案》还明确了"账户体系+币串+智能合约"的数字化方案，提出升级现有账户体系，在新 型账户（数字人民币钱包）基础上推动新兴技术应用，提升人民币发行、流通、支付等各环节的数字 化、智能化水平，升级数字人民币智能合约生态服务平台，支撑构建智能合约开源生态体系。 此外，《行动方案》明确 ...

SHMET 网讯：党的二十届四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五 年规划的建议》提出"加快建设金融强国""稳步发展数字人民币"，为今后一个时期数字人民币发展和 完善提供了行动指南。面向经济社会数字化、智能化发展趋势，为深入贯彻习近平总书记关于金融工 作的重要论述，顺应实体经济和金融体系对数字人民币发行、流通、使用的新需求，把握国际货币体 系演进的历史趋势，切实提升数字人民币管理质效和服务能力，在总结十年研发试点经验基础上，中 国人民银行将出台《关于进一步加强数字人民币管理服务体系和相关金融基础设施建设的行动方案》 （以下简称"《行动方案》"），新一代数字人民币计量框架、管理体系、运行机制和生态体系将于 2026年1月1日正式启动实施。 一、坚持与时俱进把握数字人民币定位和发展方向 习近平总书记明确要求，"坚持在市场化法治化轨道上推进金融创新发展。金融的安全靠制度、活力在 市场、秩序靠法治"。随着2008年国际金融危机爆发，数字资产、加密货币和新型支付工具层出不穷。 这既是经济数字化、智能化在金融领域的客观反映，也带来了影子银行、金融脱媒等一系列微观宏观金 融风险挑战。面对新形势，主 ...

文/中国人民银行党委委员、副行长 陆磊 党的二十届四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展 第十五个五年规划的建议》提出"加快建设金融强国" "稳步发展数字人民 币"，为今后一个时期数字人民币发展和完善提供了行动指南。面向经济 社会数字化、智能化发展趋势，为深入贯彻习近平总书记关于金融工作的 重要论述，顺应实体经济和金融体系对数字人民币发行、流通、使用的新 需求，把握国际货币体系演进的历史趋势，切实提升数字人民币管理质效 和服务能力，在总结十年研发试点经验基础上，中国人民银行出台了《关 于进一步加强数字人民币管理服务体系和相关金融基础设施建设的行动方 案》（以下简称"《行动方案》"），新一代数字人民币计量框架、管理体 系、运行机制和生态体系将于2 026年1月1日正式启动实施。 一、坚持与时俱进把握数字人民币定位和发展方向 习近平总书记明确要求，"坚持在市场化法治化轨道上推进金融创新发展。金融的安全靠制度、活力在市场、秩序靠法治"。随着2008年国际金融 危机爆发，数字资产、加密货币和新型支付工具层出不穷。这既是经济数字化、智能化在金融领域的客观反映，也带来了影子银行、金融脱媒等 一系列微观宏观 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session has approved the "Suggestions on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development," emphasizing the acceleration of building a financial powerhouse and the steady development of the digital RMB, providing a roadmap for its future development and improvement [1] Group 1: Digital RMB Development Direction - The digital RMB's positioning and development direction must align with market-oriented and legal frameworks, addressing the challenges posed by modern digital payment tools and ensuring effective monetary control [2] - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) initiated research and closed testing of digital RMB in 2014, establishing a management system and operational mechanism based on extensive trials and evaluations [3] Group 2: Current Achievements and Capabilities - The domestic and cross-border trials of digital RMB have shown positive results, with the digital RMB demonstrating capabilities as a universal mixed currency, programmable currency, efficient regulatory currency, and full-scenario currency [4] - As of November 2025, digital RMB has processed 3.48 billion transactions, amounting to 16.7 trillion yuan, with 230 million personal wallets opened [4] Group 3: Challenges Faced by Central Banks - Central banks globally face challenges in recognizing the impact of rapidly evolving digital payment tools on monetary control, requiring a balance between low-cost, high-efficiency digital payment methods and effective macroeconomic regulation [5] - The development of digital cash poses risks of financial disintermediation, as it operates independently of financial intermediaries, potentially affecting liquidity in the banking system [6] Group 4: Digital RMB Management Framework - The "Action Plan" outlines a transition from digital cash to digital deposit money, with the digital RMB being a modern payment and circulation tool supported by the central bank and compatible with distributed ledger technology [8] - The dual-layer operational framework of the digital RMB, which involves both the central bank and commercial banks, has been recognized as a global standard for ensuring financial stability [9][10] Group 5: Risk Management and Regulatory Framework - The "Action Plan" emphasizes the need for a clear delineation of responsibilities between the central bank and commercial banks to mitigate risks associated with financial disintermediation and shadow banking [11] - The establishment of a digital RMB management committee and the use of advanced regulatory technologies like AI and big data are crucial for enhancing regulatory capabilities and ensuring financial stability [18]

一、坚持与时俱进把握数字人民币定位和发展方向 习近平总书记明确要求，"坚持在市场化法治化轨道上推进金融创新发展。金融的安全靠制度、活力在 市场、秩序靠法治"。随着2008年国际金融危机爆发，数字资产、加密货币和新型支付工具层出不穷。 这既是经济数字化、智能化在金融领域的客观反映，也带来了影子银行、金融脱媒等一系列微观宏观金 融风险挑战。面对新形势，主要经济体中央银行、国际组织纷纷开始中央银行数字现金（Central Bank Digital Currency，CBDC）研发。2018年，国际清算银行定义中央银行数字现金为"中央银行发行的价 值/区块链模式的数字现金"。欧洲中央银行则定义为"一种以数字形式提供给公民和企业用于零售支付 的央行负债"。这些经济体和国际组织从中央银行职责视角审视数字货币。 我国数字人民币的研究和开发起步较早。2014年，在党中央、国务院的统一部署下，中国人民银行启动 理论研究和封闭测试。2016年，中国人民银行提出了具有数字货币特征的电子支付工具（DC/EP）的法 定数字货币理论框架构想，审慎科学稳健试点探索数字人民币（e-CNY）管理体系和运行机理。经反复 论证和开放试点，初步构建 ...

Core Viewpoint - The introduction of digital RMB represents a significant shift towards a transparent and traceable payment system, potentially ending the era of cash transactions and hidden dealings [1][10][13]. Group 1: Digital RMB Overview - Digital RMB has been piloted since 2019 and is currently being tested in 26 regions across 17 provinces, with a cumulative transaction amount reaching 7 trillion yuan by June 2024 [1][10]. - It is not merely an electronic version of cash; it signifies a new payment system that enhances transparency and traceability [1][10]. Group 2: Traceability and Privacy - Every transaction made with digital RMB is traceable, but the central bank employs a "controllable anonymity" approach to protect consumer privacy during small transactions [2][4]. - The central bank retains access to all transaction data, allowing for regulatory oversight and the ability to combat illegal activities [2][4]. Group 3: Impact on Corruption - Digital RMB poses a significant threat to illicit activities, particularly for corrupt officials who previously relied on cash transactions to conceal illegal gains [4][6]. - The system automatically records all transactions, making it difficult for corrupt individuals to hide their financial activities [4][6]. Group 4: Technological Support - Digital RMB supports smart contract functionalities, enabling precise control over fund flows, which is crucial for monitoring public funds and preventing misuse [4][5]. - The "dual offline payment" feature allows transactions without internet access, but all records sync once online, ensuring no transaction can remain hidden [5][6]. Group 5: Regulatory Advantages - The introduction of digital RMB provides regulatory bodies with enhanced capabilities to monitor and track financial flows, making it easier to identify discrepancies between income and expenditure [6][9]. - The system's transparency allows for real-time monitoring of officials' financial activities, serving as a deterrent against corruption [9][10]. Group 6: International Implications - Digital RMB's potential for cross-border payments enhances the ability to regulate illegal capital flight and ensures that international transactions are traceable [7][11]. - This innovation positions China uniquely in the global landscape, providing a robust framework for combating economic crimes [11][13]. Group 7: Broader Financial Ecosystem - The promotion of digital RMB reflects the government's commitment to creating a transparent and accountable financial ecosystem, which is essential for preventing money laundering, terrorist financing, and tax evasion [10][11]. - The transition to digital RMB is gradual, and while it is gaining traction, cash transactions still exist, indicating that opportunities for corruption remain, albeit diminishing [10][13].

Core Insights - The development costs of Web3 projects are highly customized and influenced by project type, technical complexity, security requirements, and team experience [3] - Total costs typically start from 150,000 yuan, with large and complex DeFi or custom blockchain projects potentially exceeding 3 million yuan [3] Cost Factors - Smart contracts are the core and most expensive part of Web3 projects [3] - Security is a non-negotiable cost in the Web3 space [5] - The final project quote can vary significantly based on detailed documentation including on-chain logic, token model design, and clear front-end interaction processes [6] Complexity and Pricing - Simple contracts (e.g., standard ERC-20 token issuance, basic NFT contracts) cost between 30,000 and 80,000 yuan, while complex contracts (e.g., customized lending protocols, automated market maker DEX logic) can range from 200,000 to 500,000 yuan [7] - The scarcity and high salaries of engineers skilled in blockchain-specific languages like Solidity or Rust increase development costs [7] Development Components - Front-end (DApp) development costs range from 50,000 to 150,000 yuan for basic interfaces, potentially exceeding 350,000 yuan for complex user experiences [7] - Back-end services, necessary for high-performance applications, typically cost between 80,000 and 500,000 yuan [7] - Smart contract security audits are critical, with costs ranging from 80,000 to 300,000 yuan, and top-tier audit firms charging even more [7] Token Economics and Blockchain Selection - Designing a sustainable token economic model may require consulting fees between 50,000 and 200,000 yuan [7] - Developing on established EVM-compatible chains (e.g., Ethereum, Polygon) is generally more cost-effective compared to custom solutions on chains like Solana or Polkadot [7] Project Types and Timelines - Basic MVP projects cost between 150,000 and 400,000 yuan with a timeline of 8-16 weeks [7] - Medium complexity DeFi/NFT markets range from 400,000 to 1 million yuan [7] - High complexity DEX or custom blockchain projects can exceed 1 million yuan [7] Team Experience - Experienced Web3 teams with successful track records command significantly higher rates compared to general software outsourcing teams [7]