Group 1 - A new fungal species named "Tianzhongshan Bubble Fungus" was discovered in the Tianzhong Mountain area, marking a significant addition to biodiversity research [2][3] - The species was officially named Physalacria tianzhongshanensis and published in the authoritative journal Mycology, included in the "Red List of Biodiversity in China" with a DD (Data Deficient) status [3] - The discovery highlights the ecological importance of fungi and their role in connecting past and present ecosystems, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts [3] Group 2 - The Tianzhong Mountain Tourism Company, led by Yuan Bo, emphasizes the importance of protecting the newly discovered species by avoiding commercialization and maintaining its natural habitat [4] - The company advocates for a balance between human interaction and nature, promoting a philosophy of coexistence without disturbance [4] - Conservation efforts focus on allowing the fungus to thrive in its natural environment rather than turning its habitat into a tourist attraction [4]

Core Viewpoint - The recent sighting of wild boars in Xishan National Forest Park raises concerns about human-wildlife interactions, prompting authorities to enhance monitoring and safety measures for visitors [4][10]. Group 1: Wild Boar Sightings and Safety Measures - Wild boars have been spotted in Xishan National Forest Park, which is close to urban areas, increasing the likelihood of encounters with visitors [4]. - The park has placed over 20 warning signs in areas where wild animals are frequently seen to ensure public safety [4]. - Visitors are advised to avoid entering undeveloped areas and to stick to designated paths, especially at night, to minimize the risk of encounters with wild boars [4][5][6]. Group 2: Reasons for Increasing Wild Boar Population - The wild boar population is increasing due to their high reproductive capacity, with a litter size of five to six piglets and a high survival rate [8]. - Wild boars have strong adaptability and a varied diet, allowing them to thrive in different environments [9]. - The decline in natural predators, such as the North China leopard and wolves, has contributed to the rapid growth of the wild boar population [10]. Group 3: Biodiversity and Wildlife Monitoring - Xishan has a rich biodiversity, with 173 species of terrestrial vertebrates identified, thanks to extensive afforestation efforts over the past 70 years [11]. - A wildlife monitoring system has been established in Xishan, utilizing over 110 infrared cameras and 400 monitoring devices to track animal populations [11]. - The ongoing ecological improvements in Beijing have led to an increase in various wildlife populations, including wild boars [10]. Group 4: Historical Context of Wild Boar Protection - Wild boars were listed as a protected species in Beijing in 1989 and were downgraded to a secondary protection level in 2008 [12][14]. - In 2023, wild boars were removed from the national list of protected species, reflecting changes in their population status and management [14].

Core Insights - The article reflects on the deep connection between agriculture and nature, emphasizing the importance of hands-on experience in understanding the land and its ecosystems [7][8][51] - It highlights the wisdom of local farmers and the significance of biodiversity in agricultural practices, advocating for a collaborative approach to farming that respects natural processes [6][10][38] Group 1: Agricultural Practices - The article discusses the role of weeds in agriculture, suggesting that they can be beneficial by retaining soil moisture and suppressing other weeds, challenging the conventional view of weeds as mere nuisances [9][10] - It describes various observations of plant and insect interactions, illustrating how certain weeds and insects can indicate soil health and contribute to pest management [13][15][22][23] - The narrative emphasizes the importance of understanding the life cycles of crops and their responses to environmental conditions, showcasing the resilience and adaptability of plants [29][34][45] Group 2: Personal Experience and Reflection - The author shares personal experiences of working on a farm, highlighting the joy and fulfillment derived from repetitive agricultural tasks, which foster a deeper connection to the land [47][50] - The article reflects on the transformative nature of agricultural work, where the act of nurturing plants leads to a greater appreciation for the food system and the life cycles involved [37][41][46] - It concludes with a philosophical perspective on the role of farmers as collaborators with nature, advocating for a respectful and symbiotic relationship with the environment [51]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant improvement in the ecological environment and biodiversity in the area around Chaohu Lake, particularly in the wetlands, due to ongoing ecological restoration and comprehensive governance efforts [2] Group 1: Ecological Improvement - The wetlands around Chaohu Lake have seen a notable enhancement in ecological conditions, including improved water quality and lush vegetation [2] - The area now provides excellent habitats and abundant food sources for various bird species, especially waterbirds [2] Group 2: Biodiversity - A large number of wild birds, including egrets and whiskered terns, are now breeding and thriving in the vicinity of Xiaoliu Village, showcasing the region's rich biodiversity [2]

Core Viewpoint - The company has successfully implemented ecological restoration measures in its mining area, leading to significant improvements in biodiversity and environmental quality. Group 1: Ecological Restoration Achievements - The mining area has seen the introduction of 62 species of wild animals and 53 species of plants, with over 20 new plant species added due to ongoing ecological restoration efforts [3] - Vegetation coverage has increased from 14.6% to 37.2%, demonstrating a substantial improvement in the ecological environment [3] - The total area of ecological restoration and greening has reached approximately 1.16 million square meters, with around 150 acres of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants planted [6] Group 2: Sustainable Practices and Technologies - The company adheres to the philosophy of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," integrating energy extraction with environmental protection [6] - A combination of local species, micro-topography, and soil and water conservation techniques has been optimized for ecological restoration [6] - The company employs a comprehensive management approach that includes baseline monitoring, assessment, and feedback, utilizing drone remote sensing to track vegetation index changes and land use patterns [6] Group 3: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Stability - The biodiversity in the mining area is visibly improving, with an increase in plant species and enhanced soil and water conservation capabilities [9] - The normalized vegetation index continues to improve, and the ecological landscape is evolving from "ecological weak points" to "ecological sources," enhancing ecosystem stability [10] - The increase in plant species has extended flowering periods, providing continuous food sources and habitats for pollinators and birds, which in turn boosts animal population growth [9][10]

Group 1 - The fifth World Biosphere Reserve Conference will be held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, from September 22 to 25, 2025, marking the first time the event is hosted in Asia and expected to attract around 4,000 representatives from over 150 countries and regions [2][3] - Key outcomes anticipated from the conference include the approval of a ten-year strategic action plan for the "Man and the Biosphere Program" and the release of the "Hangzhou Declaration," aimed at enhancing the role of biosphere reserves in promoting sustainable development [2][3] Group 2 - China has made significant progress in ecological civilization construction since the 18th National Congress, including the establishment of a national park and botanical garden system, and the implementation of wildlife protection projects [3] - The "China Ecosystem Research Network," comprising 44 national field stations, has been established for ecosystem and species monitoring, alongside the development of intelligent species identification technology [3] - Zhejiang province has created a natural protection area system covering approximately 14,700 square kilometers, nearly 10% of the province's area, leading to an increase in populations of endangered species [3] Group 3 - China actively participates in global ecological governance and has played a leading role in the "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework," aligning with the goals of the "Man and the Biosphere Program" [4] - The conference is expected to serve as an important platform for international exchange and cooperation in ecological governance, promoting collaborative efforts for global ecological civilization [5]

Group 1 - The article discusses the sighting of a peculiar wild animal in Huangshan Scenic Area, identified as the Chinese gnu, also known as "four not alike," which is a nationally protected species with certain aggressive tendencies [1][4]. - Huangshan Scenic Area staff have not received reports from tourists about seeing the "four not alike" animal, but they acknowledge the presence of various wildlife, including monkeys, and advise tourists to maintain a safe distance from wild animals [4][6]. - The Chinese gnu belongs to the order Artiodactyla and the family Bovidae, classified as a vulnerable species in the "Red List of Biodiversity in China - Vertebrates Volume," facing severe challenges due to habitat destruction and human interference [6][7]. Group 2 - A biodiversity baseline survey conducted in January in Huizhou District, Huangshan City, captured images of the Chinese gnu using infrared cameras, indicating its presence in the region [4][6]. - The Chinese gnu is characterized by its timid nature and secretive behavior, typically found in rocky mountainous areas with well-preserved vegetation and high altitudes, away from human activity [6].

Core Insights - The research led by Professor Shi Kaifang from Anhui Normal University represents the first systematic assessment of the impact of urban slope development on natural habitat loss and endangered species over the past 20 years, published in the journal "Nature: Urban" [1][2] Group 1: Urbanization and Biodiversity - The global urban slope area increased by 11.65 million hectares from 2000 to 2020, with 35% of this area located in biodiversity hotspots, which constitute only 2.4% of the global land area [2] - This urban expansion has resulted in the loss of 6.73 million hectares of natural habitat, affecting over 70% of endangered vertebrate species [2] Group 2: Future Projections and Policy Implications - Based on current trends and model predictions, by 2050, 53 countries may struggle to meet moderate biodiversity protection goals, and 69% of biodiversity hotspots may fail to achieve set conservation milestones [2] - The research aligns with the urgent needs of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework," providing solid data support for land planning and ecological protection policy formulation [2]

《 人民日报 》（ 2025年09月12日 12 版） (责编：牛镛、岳弘彬) 本报上海9月11日电 （记者田泓）9月10日，"灵动的国际大都市·诗和远方——上海市首次生物多样性调 查阶段成果展"在上海自然博物馆展出，全面呈现上海首次生物多样性"摸家底"的阶段成果，包括2个新 物种、149个新记录种。 2023年12月，上海启动首次全面生物多样性调查，以全面掌握上海生物多样性现状，为生物多样性保 护、监管和决策提供支撑。此次调查由上海市生态环境局牵头，市、区两级生态环境部门共同组织，统 筹上海的高校、科研院所以及社会公众等各方力量，参与人员累计超过5000人次。上海市16个区全面开 展了物种多样性和遗传多样性调查，物种多样性调查陆续记录到各类保护物种、新物种和新记录种。 生态系统多样性遥感调查结果表明，上海市以城镇、农田、森林及湿地四大生态系统为主体。据统计， 上海有记录的野生哺乳动物共44种、有记录的大型底栖动物共83种、有记录的鱼类共330种。目前，上 海鸟类记录为534种，其中国家一级保护鸟类29种，国家二级保护鸟类93种，比2015年上海鸟类记录的 463种多了71种。 ...

Core Insights - A new amphibian species, the Huangniushi Toad, has been discovered in the Jiulian Mountain National Nature Reserve, with research results published on September 10 in the international journal Zootaxa [1][2]. Group 1: Discovery Details - Researchers Wu Xiaogang and Zhuo Xiaohai found an unknown toad species in the Huangniushi area of the reserve in August 2024 [2]. - Genetic sequencing and morphological analysis revealed significant genetic and morphological differences from known species in the Bufonidae family, confirming it as a new species [2]. Group 2: Species Characteristics - The Huangniushi Toad belongs to the Bufonidae family and is named after its discovery location [5]. - Male individuals measure approximately 37.9-40.7 millimeters in length, with distinctive features such as a rounded snout, yellow-brown back with black "X" markings, and a white belly adorned with red spots [5]. Group 3: Conservation Significance - The discovery of the Huangniushi Toad enriches the species lineage of the Bufonidae family globally and highlights China's efforts in maintaining biodiversity and preserving genetic resources in subtropical mountainous regions [5].