据CME"美联储观察"：美联储9月维持利率不变的概率为3.4%，降息25个基点的概率为96.6%。美联储 10月维持利率不变的概率为1.6%，累计降息25个基点的概率为46.8%，累计降息50个基点的概率为 51.6%。 内外因素推动 人民币汇率有望继续走强 来源：新浪网 【免责声明】本文仅代表作者本人观点，与和讯网无关。和讯网站对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立，不 对所包含内容的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供任何明示或暗示的保证。请读者仅作参考，并请自行承担 全部责任。邮箱：news_center@staff.hexun.com 9月4日，人民币兑美元中间价报7.1052，上调56.00点。 美联储9月降息概率为96.6% ...

9月3日，在岸人民币对美元汇率小幅上涨。Wind数据显示，截至当日16时30分，该市场汇率报7.1468 元，较前一交易日收盘价上涨8个基点。近期，在岸、离岸人民币对美元汇率呈现上涨趋势。专家表 示，人民币汇率快速上涨受内外因素共振驱动，包括美元指数偏弱运行创造了相对温和的外部环境、人 民币对美元中间价报价释放较强的汇率预期引导，以及近期国内权益市场表现亮眼或在一定程度上吸引 了外资流入等。展望未来，人民币汇率将在合理均衡水平上保持基本稳定。（中证报） ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent appreciation of the Renminbi (RMB) against the US dollar is driven by a combination of internal and external factors, with expectations for the RMB to maintain stability at a reasonable equilibrium level in the future [1][4][5]. Exchange Rate Trends - As of September 3, the onshore RMB to USD exchange rate was reported at 7.1468, an increase of 8 basis points from the previous trading day [2][4]. - The offshore RMB to USD exchange rate showed a slight decline, reported at 7.1459, down 74 basis points from the previous close [2]. - The RMB to USD central parity rate was adjusted downwards to 7.1108, a decrease of 19 basis points [2]. - From August 29 to September 3, the onshore and offshore RMB appreciated by 0.64% and 0.88% respectively, while year-to-date increases were 2.08% and 2.61% [2]. Factors Driving Appreciation - The RMB's rapid appreciation is attributed to multiple factors, including a weaker US dollar and improved cross-border capital flows [4][6]. - The decline in the US dollar index has created a favorable external environment, while the RMB's middle price has provided strong expectations for future appreciation [4][6]. - The recent performance of the domestic equity market has attracted foreign capital inflows, further supporting the RMB's strength [4][6]. Economic Outlook - Experts believe that the current positive momentum in China's economy will be further solidified, contributing to the stability of the RMB exchange rate [5][6]. - Continued policy support and structural economic transformation are expected to provide a solid foundation for the RMB's stable performance [5][6]. - The RMB is anticipated to gradually converge in value across onshore, offshore, and central parity rates, with ongoing demand for currency settlement supporting its strength [6].

9月3日，在岸人民币对美元汇率小幅上涨。Wind数据显示，截至当日16时30分，该市场汇率报7.1468 元，较前一交易日收盘价上涨8个基点。 近期，在岸、离岸人民币对美元汇率呈现上涨趋势。专家表示，人民币汇率快速上涨受内外因素共振驱 动，包括美元指数偏弱运行创造了相对温和的外部环境、人民币对美元中间价报价释放较强的汇率预期 引导，以及近期国内权益市场表现亮眼或在一定程度上吸引了外资流入等。展望未来，人民币汇率将在 合理均衡水平上保持基本稳定。 整体走强 9月3日，在岸、离岸人民币对美元汇率走势略有分化。Wind数据显示，截至当日16时30分，在岸人民 币对美元汇率报7.1468元，较前一交易日上涨8个基点，盘中最高报7.1374元。离岸人民币对美元汇率略 有下跌，16时30分报7.1459元，较前一交易日收盘价跌74个基点。 9月3日，人民币对美元中间价也稍有调降。中国货币网数据显示，当日，人民币对美元中间价报7.1108 元，较前一交易日调降19个基点。 ● 本报记者 连润 彭扬 专家分析，本轮人民币汇率快速升值，主要受多重因素推动。 美元偏弱等外部因素推动人民币汇率快速升值。"今年以来美元指数跌幅显著， ...

8月下旬，人民币对美元汇率结束了两个月的低波运行，而后出现较大幅度升值。今日，人民币急升后出现小幅回调。 每经记者注意到，本次快速升值，时间上始于美联储主席鲍威尔8月22日在杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会上的讲话。 人民币汇率的决定因素十分复杂，既有一些长期的、根本性的因素，又有一些短期的、关键性的因素。对于本轮升值，东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青指 出，最近人民币升值既与美联储降息信号有关，也与国内股市走强、人民币中间价的调控作用有关。 "我们认为，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定，仍是当前稳汇市政策的核心目标。"王青表示，接下来人民币汇率仍将以稳为主，持续升值或 大幅贬值的风险都不大。 在市场看空美元、看多人民币之际，8月25日，人民币汇率中间价由7.1321调整至7.1161，这也是自去年11月以来，人民币汇率中间价首次被设在7.12以 下。 对于8月下旬以来的人民币快速升值，王青对记者表示，主要有三个驱动力：一是鲍威尔在杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会上罕见释放降息信号，美元指数承 压，这为包括人民币在内的非美货币带来被动升值动能。二是近期国内股市走强，外资加速流入。这在带动结汇需求增加的同时，也在改善汇市情绪。最 ...

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Industry Overview - The discussion primarily revolves around the U.S. Treasury bond market and its implications for the domestic economy, particularly in relation to the Chinese market and currency dynamics. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Impact of U.S. Treasury Rates on Currency**: Fluctuations in U.S. Treasury rates directly affect the USD/CNY exchange rate, which in turn constrains domestic monetary policy and expectations for easing [1][3][4] 2. **Shift in Investment Preferences**: There has been a notable shift of resident deposits towards wealth management products, dollar deposits, and U.S. Treasuries, leading to an expanded foreign exchange deficit and negatively impacting domestic risk assets [1][3] 3. **Attraction of A-Shares**: Since 2025, the actual yield on U.S. Treasuries has decreased due to expectations of rate cuts, making A-share dividends, which may approach 5%, more attractive compared to U.S. Treasuries yielding only 1% to 2% [1][3] 4. **Factors Influencing Treasury Rate Pricing**: U.S. Treasury rates are influenced by economic data, policy changes, and market sentiment, with significant volatility observed in 2025 due to various economic indicators and policy announcements [1][4][5] 5. **Global Economic Instability**: The current global economic environment is unstable, with significant fluctuations in U.S. Treasury and dollar markets, influenced by political events in France and Japan, as well as a reversal in global equity markets [1][6] 6. **Short-term Treasury Maturities**: In Q2 2025, $6 trillion in U.S. Treasuries are set to mature, primarily short-term bonds, which are not expected to significantly impact Treasury rates or dollar credit due to stable long-term issuance patterns [1][7] 7. **Foreign Investment Trends**: Despite concerns about foreign selling of U.S. Treasuries, data indicates that while some countries like China have sold off, major holders like Japan and the UK have increased their holdings, leading to an overall increase in non-U.S. government Treasury reserves [1][8] 8. **Fiscal Sustainability Concerns**: Long-term risks regarding U.S. fiscal sustainability are highlighted, with the potential for high borrowing to continue unless effective fiscal reforms are implemented [2][9][12] 9. **Government Spending Structure**: The U.S. government’s spending structure is deemed unhealthy, with a heavy reliance on necessary expenditures and insufficient contributions from corporate taxes, necessitating a resolution of supply-demand imbalances for sustainable development [12][14] 10. **Future Economic Outlook**: The impact of new fiscal legislation on the U.S. economy is significant, with a focus on whether the government can achieve effective fiscal consolidation or will continue to rely on high levels of borrowing [15] Other Important but Overlooked Content - The relationship between the Federal Reserve's monetary policy and Treasury rates is crucial, as short-term rates are directly influenced by Fed decisions, while long-term rates reflect market expectations of the U.S. economy [11] - The Treasury's cash management strategies, including the current balance of the Treasury General Account (TGA), are expected to have limited impact on market liquidity and Treasury rates in the near term [10]

Group 1 - The official Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) shows slight improvement, with the manufacturing PMI rising from 49.3 in July to 49.4 in August, and the non-manufacturing PMI increasing from 50.1 to 50.3, indicating a trend of price index improvement related to industry efforts to reduce excessive discounting [1][3] - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has adjusted the daily midpoint exchange rate of the USDCNY to 7.1030, marking a new low for the year, signaling a proactive move to strengthen the RMB against the USD, with expectations of the exchange rate falling to 7.0 by year-end and below 7.0 next year [3][4] - The Chinese government's "Artificial Intelligence Action Plan" aims to accelerate AI application in the economy, with targets for AI application rates in key sectors set at 70% by 2027, 90% by 2030, and 100% by 2035, emphasizing industrial over consumer applications [4]

Group 1: Currency Trends - The RMB has appreciated against the USD since August, with a 2.3% increase compared to a 10% depreciation of the USD index in the first eight months of 2025[3] - The CFETS RMB exchange rate index fell by approximately 6% from January to June 2025 but rebounded to 96.57 in June, indicating a recovery[3] - The recent appreciation of the RMB is viewed as a "catch-up" due to a weaker USD environment[3] Group 2: Market Influences - The domestic equity market has warmed up since August, with major indices showing significant gains, attracting foreign capital and increasing RMB demand[4] - The dovish stance of the Federal Reserve, particularly the anticipated 25 basis point rate cut in September, has contributed to a stable external environment for the RMB[4] - Seasonal factors, such as the peak dividend season for Hong Kong stocks, and a slight narrowing of the China-US interest rate differential have also supported the RMB's rise[4] Group 3: Future Outlook - The RMB is expected to continue appreciating but may experience short-term volatility due to uncertainties in global economic policies, particularly in Japan[6] - From January to July 2025, China accumulated a trade surplus of nearly $700 billion, but the average settlement rate was only 52.75%, below the 2018 average[6] - If the domestic equity market continues to perform well, it may lead to an increase in the settlement rate, further supporting RMB demand[6] - Long-term RMB exchange rate trends will depend on the recovery of the domestic economy, and rapid appreciation may prompt the central bank to intervene to maintain stability[7]

中国人民银行授权中国外汇交易中心公布，2025年9月3日银行间外汇市场人民币汇率中间价为：1美元 对人民币7.1108元，1欧元对人民币8.2855元，100日元对人民币4.8005元，1港元对人民币0.91086元，1 英镑对人民币9.5405元，1澳大利亚元对人民币4.6433元，1新西兰元对人民币4.1767元，1新加坡元对人 民币5.5265元，1瑞士法郎对人民币8.8514元，1加拿大元对人民币5.1706元，人民币1元对1.1313澳门 元，人民币1元对0.59398马来西亚林吉特，人民币1元对11.2879俄罗斯卢布，人民币1元对2.4843南非兰 特，人民币1元对195.80韩元，人民币1元对0.51523阿联酋迪拉姆，人民币1元对0.52642沙特里亚尔，人 民币1元对47.7284匈牙利福林，人民币1元对0.51451波兰兹罗提，人民币1元对0.9016丹麦克朗，人民币 1元对1.3284瑞典克朗，人民币1元对1.4088挪威克朗，人民币1元对5.77585土耳其里拉，人民币1元对 2.6308墨西哥比索，人民币1元对4.5327泰铢。 上证报中国证券网讯 9月3日，人民币兑美元中间价下调 ...

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant content provided. Core Views - Domestic policies for boosting service consumption and real - estate are being advanced, but their effects remain to be seen; the US manufacturing PMI shows marginal improvement, and attention should be paid to US employment and inflation data, as well as the global credit "crisis" hype [2] - The core contradiction of the RMB exchange rate lies in the rhythm control; short - term return to the "6 era" is less likely, and it is more likely to gradually repair towards a reasonable equilibrium [4] - Global debt risks weaken market risk appetite, and the stock index may enter a short - term shock adjustment phase [5] - The bond market may rebound if the A - share market remains high - level volatile; a band - trading strategy is recommended for bonds [6] - The shipping index may fluctuate or decline slightly, considering the downward trend of Maersk's new - week opening quotes [8] - Precious metals are expected to be bullish in the medium - to - long - term and remain strong in the short - term; a strategy of buying on dips is recommended [9][11] - Copper may continue to oscillate before the Fed's next interest - rate decision; a low - level procurement strategy is recommended for the medium - term [13][14] - Zinc is expected to be strong at the bottom and fluctuate in the short - term [16] - Nickel and stainless - steel markets' sentiment has cooled; stainless - steel has upward momentum, and attention should be paid to the fundamentals [17] - Tin may remain strong despite a slight decline, supported by tight supply [18][19] - The lithium carbonate market is in a shock - adjustment phase; its future trend depends on downstream actual demand [20] - Industrial silicon and polysilicon are in a high - level shock state; industrial silicon may rise in the long - term due to the dry - season impact, and polysilicon's shock pattern may continue [22] - Lead is expected to fluctuate within a narrow range with limited upside and downside [24] - Steel products' fundamentals are weak; the downward space of iron ore is limited; coal - coke may fluctuate widely at a high level; silicon - iron and silicon - manganese are expected to fluctuate at the bottom [25][27][29][30] - Crude oil is affected by geopolitical factors; it is in a weak shock state, and attention should be paid to the September events and the Russia - Ukraine situation [33] - LPG is expected to fluctuate, affected by multiple factors such as the OPEC+ meeting [36] - PX - TA is expected to fluctuate with the cost; a strategy of narrowing the PTA01 processing fee is recommended [39] - Ethylene glycol is expected to fluctuate within a range; a strategy of buying on dips or selling put options is recommended [42] - Methanol's port inventory is increasing; a small - amount long - position and selling put - option strategy is recommended [44][45] - PP's future trend depends on downstream demand growth; currently, its upward and downward drivers are limited [48] - PE is in a pattern of decreasing supply and increasing demand; it is expected to fluctuate at present [50] - Pure benzene and styrene are expected to fluctuate weakly; short - term short - selling of styrene is not recommended [51][52] - Fuel oil is pushed by cost; its downward pressure remains; low - sulfur fuel oil is recommended for long - position allocation; asphalt mainly follows cost fluctuations; rubber is expected to fluctuate strongly [53][54][56] - For glass, soda ash, and caustic soda, soda ash has a pattern of strong supply and weak demand; glass is in a weak - balance to weak - surplus state; caustic soda's downstream demand is increasing and its inventory is decreasing [59][61][62] Summaries by Relevant Catalogs Macro - Global long - term bonds had a "black September"; the US manufacturing PMI showed marginal improvement, with new orders improving and the price index falling again [1] RMB Exchange Rate - The on - shore RMB against the US dollar depreciated; the pound fell sharply; the US manufacturing PMI was lower than expected [3] Stock Index - The stock index fluctuated with volume; global debt risks weakened market risk appetite; the index may enter a shock - adjustment phase [5] Treasury Bond - Treasury bonds weakened; the bond market may rebound if the A - share market remains high - level volatile; a band - trading strategy is recommended [6] Container Shipping - The container shipping index futures prices rose; MSC planned to cancel some voyages; the index may fluctuate or decline [7][8] Commodities Precious Metals - Gold and silver prices rose; long - term funds increased their holdings; key data and events this week are worthy of attention; a long - position strategy is recommended [9][10][11] Copper - Copper prices were slightly stronger; the price may oscillate before the Fed's interest - rate decision; a low - level procurement strategy is recommended [12][13][14] Zinc - Zinc prices were strong at the bottom; the supply was in surplus, and the demand might improve; a short - term shock - at - bottom view is held [16] Nickel and Stainless - Steel - Nickel prices fell slightly, and stainless - steel prices were strong; the market sentiment cooled; stainless - steel had upward momentum [17] Tin - Tin prices fell slightly; the supply was tight, and the price may remain strong [18][19] Lithium Carbonate - Lithium carbonate prices fell; the market entered a shock - adjustment phase; the future trend depends on downstream demand [19][20] Industrial Silicon and Polysilicon - Industrial silicon and polysilicon prices were in a high - level shock; industrial silicon may rise in the long - term, and polysilicon may continue to shock [21][22] Lead - Lead prices fluctuated within a narrow range; the supply was weak, and the demand was in a "not - booming in peak - season" state [24] Black Building Materials Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coil - Steel products' prices were in short - term equilibrium; the supply was high, and the demand was weak; the market may be in a negative - feedback stage [25] Iron Ore - Iron ore prices rebounded; the steel industry was in a weak - stable state; the iron ore's downward space may be limited [27] Coking Coal and Coke - Coking coal and coke prices oscillated; the supply was relatively loose; the future trend depends on downstream demand [29] Silicon - Iron and Silicon - Manganese - Silicon - iron and silicon - manganese prices were at the bottom; the supply was loose, and the demand was weak; a long - spread strategy is recommended [30][31] Energy and Chemicals Crude Oil - Crude oil prices rose; geopolitical factors affected the price; the oil market was in a weak shock state [32][33] LPG - LPG prices fluctuated; the supply was loose, and the demand was stable; the future trend depends on the OPEC+ meeting [35][36] PTA - PX - PX and PTA prices fluctuated with the cost; the supply of PX may increase, and the PTA processing fee is recommended to be narrowed [37][39] MEG - Bottle Chip - Ethylene glycol prices fell; the supply may decrease slightly, and the demand was seasonal; a range - trading strategy is recommended [41][42] Methanol - Methanol prices were stable; the port inventory increased; a long - position strategy is recommended [43][44][45] PP - PP prices fell slightly; the supply increased, and the demand was uncertain; the future trend depends on downstream demand [47][48] PE - PE prices fell slightly; the supply decreased, and the demand increased; the market may oscillate [49][50] Pure Benzene and Styrene - Pure benzene and styrene prices fell; the supply and demand of pure benzene were balanced, and styrene's supply may increase in the future; a wait - and - see strategy is recommended [51][52] Fuel Oil - Fuel oil prices rose; the supply increased, and the demand was stable; the price may be suppressed by the spot market [53][54] Asphalt - Asphalt prices rose and then fell; the supply was stable, and the demand was affected by rain; the price mainly followed the cost [55][56] Rubber and 20 - Number Rubber - Rubber prices were strong; the supply may increase, and the demand may turn warm; the price is expected to fluctuate strongly [57][58] Glass, Soda Ash, and Caustic Soda - Soda ash prices fell slightly; the supply was high, and the demand was weak; glass prices fell slightly; the supply may increase, and the demand was weak; caustic soda prices fell; the supply decreased slightly, and the demand increased [59][61][62]