2026.03. 05 作者 | 第一财经 林靖 3月5日，十四届全国人大四次会议开幕，国务院总理李强作政府工作报告。政府工作报告提到，适 应学龄人口结构变化，推进教育资源布局结构调整。推动基础教育扩优提质，统筹义务教育优质均衡 发展、学前教育优质普惠发展，完善免费学前教育政策，增加普通高中学位供给。持续扩大优质本科 教育招生规模。 今年多地将大幅增加普通高中招生，其中，广东将新增普通高中学位20万个以上。 武汉市在2025年增加8000个优质高中学位的基础上，计划再增加8000个优质高中学位；襄阳市计划 新增普通高中学位3000个；十堰市将新增3000个综合高中学位。江苏省南通市今年将新改扩建普通 高中7所，新增普通高中学位不少于5000个。 近年来各地扩建了不少高中学校，增加了大批高中学位，一些地方普高率已经突破70%。近年来，各 地推进普职融通改革，缓解普职分流焦虑，部分地区探索高二起分类培养。还有多地不断探索普通高 中和中专互相转学的通道，且持续降低普职互转门槛，广度和范围不断扩大。 在高等教育方面，今年优质本科招生规模将继续扩大。当前，优质本科扩招的名额主要以服务国家战 略需求与社会发展需要，重点面 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the emphasis on education in the "15th Five-Year Plan," highlighting the exploration of extending compulsory education and expanding free education [1][2][3] - The plan mentions the need to enhance the accessibility and quality of public education services, focusing on balanced development in compulsory education and expanding resources for ordinary high schools [2][3] - The proposal to extend compulsory education from 9 years to potentially 12 or 15 years is a significant strategic shift in China's education policy, responding to demographic changes and societal needs [3][4] Group 2 - The plan includes a focus on expanding the enrollment of high-quality undergraduate programs to address the increasing number of college applicants, which is projected to reach 13.42 million in 2024 [4][5] - The government aims to optimize higher education structure and improve quality through targeted enrollment increases in urgently needed disciplines [4][5] - There is a call for collaboration between education, technology, and talent development, emphasizing the importance of building a strong innovation ecosystem and enhancing international academic exchanges [5][6]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the expansion of high-quality undergraduate education in China, driven by government initiatives to increase enrollment in "double first-class" universities and align educational offerings with national strategic needs [2][3][4]. Group 1: Expansion of Quality Undergraduate Education - The Chinese government plans to continue expanding the scale of quality undergraduate education, with a target to increase enrollment by an additional 20,000 students this year, following last year's increase of 16,000 [2][3]. - Major universities, including Tsinghua, Peking University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, have announced plans to expand their undergraduate enrollment by 150 students each this year [3]. Group 2: Focus on Strategic Fields - The expansion of undergraduate programs will focus on areas critical to national strategic needs, such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, and biomedicine, among others [4][5]. - New research-oriented universities are emerging, attracting high-scoring students and competing with established 985 universities in terms of admission scores [4]. Group 3: Curriculum and Program Optimization - The Ministry of Education has issued guidelines to optimize undergraduate program offerings, emphasizing the need to align with national strategies and market demands [5][6]. - Institutions are encouraged to develop new interdisciplinary programs and enhance existing ones to better meet the needs of emerging industries and societal demands [5][6]. Group 4: Infrastructure Development - Several "double first-class" universities are establishing new campuses to accommodate the growing number of students and to focus on emerging interdisciplinary fields [6]. - For instance, Huazhong Normal University is developing a new campus that will concentrate on key areas such as artificial intelligence and integrated circuits, aiming to cultivate top-tier innovative talent [6].

Core Insights - The Chinese government aims to enhance the quality and expand the scale of undergraduate education, with a focus on increasing enrollment in high-quality institutions [2][3] Group 1: Expansion of Quality Undergraduate Education - The government plans to continue expanding the enrollment scale of quality undergraduate programs, targeting an increase of 20,000 students this year following last year's increase of 16,000 [2][3] - Major universities, including Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, have announced plans to increase their undergraduate enrollment by 150 students each [3] Group 2: Focus on Strategic Fields - The expansion of quality undergraduate programs will prioritize fields aligned with national strategic needs, particularly in emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, and biomedicine [3][5] - New research-oriented universities are emerging, attracting high-scoring students and competing with traditional prestigious institutions [4] Group 3: Curriculum and Professional Development - The Ministry of Education has issued guidelines to optimize professional settings based on national strategies and market demands, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary and emerging professional fields [5] - Universities are encouraged to develop programs in strategic emerging industries, including AI, biotechnology, and renewable energy, to meet national talent needs [5] Group 4: New Campuses and Facilities - Several top-tier universities are establishing new campuses to accommodate the growing enrollment and focus on interdisciplinary studies [6] - For instance, Huazhong Normal University is developing a new campus that will focus on key areas such as AI and integrated circuits, aiming to cultivate innovative talent [6]