首先，最常见的就是胸前区不适，包括胸闷、胸痛，可能表现为紧缩感、烧灼感，也可能是咽部的挤压 或紧缩感，特别是在体力活动、情绪激动、饱餐或寒冷环境下出现时，更需要留意。同时，这种不适还 可能向下颌、肩部、双上肢、后背及上腹部放射，此时要高度警惕心肌缺血的可能。 其次，还可能出现消化系统症状，如恶心、呕吐等，常伴心悸、呼吸困难、头晕、大汗，甚至极度乏 力。这种情况需警惕急性心肌梗死的发生。 上述症状一旦出现，尤其是频繁发作、逐渐加重时，应该及时就医。 最后，建议大家规律体检，关注血压、血糖、血脂及心电图的结果。如果发现异常，需积极就医干预。 本文转自【健康中国】； 这个观点不正确。目前，冠心病的发病年龄呈年轻化趋势，不少中青年也患有高血压、糖尿病、高脂血 症等基础疾病，中青年心肌梗死、心力衰竭的案例也在增加。 比如，动脉粥样硬化是心血管疾病的主要诱因之一，其形成可能需要通过数年甚至十多年、数十年的过 程。但常见的高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症，以及长期熬夜、高油高盐饮食、缺乏运动、压力过大、肥胖 等因素，都会导致脂质在血管壁沉积，诱发动脉粥样硬化。如此，即使是年轻人的血管，也可能已出现 明显斑块。可见，对于心血管疾病， ...

Core Points - A recent incident in Yichang, Hubei, involved an elderly man who fainted, prompting bystanders to call for emergency assistance, leading to timely medical intervention that saved his life [1] Group 1 - The elderly man was diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction after being transported to the hospital [1] - The quick response from both the citizens and medical personnel was crucial in ensuring the man's survival [1] - Medical staff highlighted that autumn and winter are peak seasons for myocardial infarction, emphasizing the importance of recognizing symptoms [1] Group 2 - Symptoms such as severe chest pain, fainting, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and excessive sweating should prompt immediate calls to emergency services [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the increasing incidence of acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) during the cold season, particularly highlighting the need for awareness among younger individuals as the average age of onset continues to decrease [1]. Group 1: Risk Factors for Myocardial Infarction - Unhealthy lifestyle choices such as binge eating, excessive intake of high-fat and high-calorie foods, and alcohol consumption can lead to increased blood lipid levels and blood viscosity, raising the risk of heart attack [2]. - Emotional stress, such as anger and extreme emotions, can double the risk of heart attack compared to normal emotional states [3]. - Chronic fatigue and prolonged stress can lead to elevated cortisol levels, increasing blood pressure and exacerbating coronary heart disease [4]. - Research indicates that individuals who sleep only five hours a night have a 40% higher risk of myocardial infarction compared to those who sleep eight hours [5]. - Sudden temperature changes during autumn and winter can trigger acute myocardial infarction due to significant blood vessel constriction [6]. Group 2: Warning Signs of Myocardial Infarction - Chest discomfort is a common precursor, often described as pressure, tightness, or dull pain that may last for several minutes [8]. - Pain or discomfort may radiate to the upper body, including shoulders, arms, back, neck, or jaw, particularly on the left side [9]. - Shortness of breath can occur without obvious physical activity and may worsen when lying down [10]. - Gastrointestinal discomfort, such as upper abdominal pain, nausea, or heartburn, is more common in female patients and can be mistaken for gastrointestinal issues [11]. - Sudden extreme fatigue or weakness, even with minimal activity, can be a significant warning sign [12]. - Autonomic symptoms like cold sweat, dizziness, or palpitations may also indicate an impending heart attack [13]. Group 3: Emergency Response to Myocardial Infarction - Immediate action includes calling emergency services and ensuring the patient stops all activities, sitting or lying down quietly [14]. - If chest pain persists for more than 15 minutes, nitroglycerin may be administered, but blood pressure should be checked first [14]. - In cases of cardiac arrest, prompt CPR should be initiated until emergency help arrives, as the critical window for effective intervention is approximately two hours [15]. - Recognizing bodily signals and maintaining heart health through good lifestyle habits are crucial for preventing heart attacks [16].

Core Viewpoint - The recent death of Zhao Han, founder of the well-known Yunnan cuisine brand "Yunhaiyao," due to a sudden heart attack has raised awareness about the increasing prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among younger individuals and the need for public education on heart health and self-rescue measures [1][4]. Group 1: Heart Attack Awareness - Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is characterized by the acute necrosis of heart muscle cells due to insufficient blood supply, primarily caused by the blockage of coronary arteries [2][3]. - The overall mortality rate from AMI in China has shown an upward trend from 2002 to 2021, with rural areas experiencing a significant increase since 2012, surpassing urban rates [1]. Group 2: Risk Factors and Symptoms - Key risk factors for heart attacks include chronic conditions such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes, as well as lifestyle choices like smoking, obesity, and lack of exercise [2][4]. - Symptoms of a heart attack may include sudden discomfort in the chest, severe pain radiating to the left shoulder and arm, shortness of breath, sweating, and feelings of impending doom [3][5]. Group 3: Emergency Response and Prevention - Immediate self-rescue measures include stopping all activities, resting, calling emergency services, and using emergency medications like nitroglycerin or aspirin if symptoms persist [3][5]. - Preventive measures against sudden cardiac death involve regular health screenings, lifestyle modifications such as a low-salt, low-fat diet, regular exercise, and managing existing health conditions [6].

Core Points - The article highlights the importance of recognizing atypical pain signals as potential warnings for heart attacks, emphasizing that many patients misinterpret these symptoms and delay seeking medical help [1][2] Group 1: Case Study - A man named Mr. Fan experienced severe shoulder and back pain for three days, mistaking it for shoulder inflammation, which led to a significant heart muscle damage by the time he sought medical attention [1] - Upon diagnosis, he was found to have an acute anterior myocardial infarction with heart failure and shock, having missed the critical 12-hour window for effective treatment [1] - The medical team indicated that timely intervention within two hours could have significantly improved his prognosis [1] Group 2: Warning Signs - The article lists seven types of pain that may indicate a heart attack, including chest pain, prolonged nausea, throat tightness, pain in the left shoulder and arm, persistent back pain, upper abdominal pain, and jaw pain [2][3][5][6][7][8][9][10] Group 3: Prevention Tips - Recommendations for preventing heart attacks include avoiding late nights, unhealthy diets, prolonged sitting, poor emotional management, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption [13][14][16][17][19][20] Group 4: Emergency Response - In the event of a heart attack, immediate actions include stopping all activities, calling emergency services, and potentially using emergency medications if available [22] - The article stresses the importance of timely medical intervention, as the effectiveness of treatment is closely linked to the speed of receiving care [22]