以下文章来源于地球知识局 ，作者地球知识局 地球知识局 . 人文+地理+设计，全球视野新三观。 合作请联系：xiaobaibai_9999（注明品牌和需求） 但和东北不一样的是， 华北西北的煤，比东三省要多得多 。按比例看，东三省的煤其实还不到全国的百分之二，那华北西 北能占多少呢？ 本文来自微信公众号： 地球知识局 （ID：diqiuzhishiju） ，文字：澄澈，编辑：卡皮巴猫，头图来自：视觉中国（图为甘 肃玉门老城区，一位身穿工作服的石油工人从废弃的建筑前走过） 矿坑塌陷、企业倒闭、林场停产、人口外流…… 之前，我们讲了东北的30座资源枯竭城市。这批城市里除了极个别幸运儿，似乎都逃不出矿竭城衰的宿命。 但中国资源枯竭的城市，又何止东北一处。华北和西北这两北地区，共同组成了 辽阔的北方模式 。相比东北老铁高度一致 的"铁锈带叙事"，他们的命运可谓冰火交加。 本期我们将聚焦北方21座资源枯竭城市，看看他们如何与时代赛跑，又如何在泥沼中求生。 一、煤海沉浮，命途多舛 这21座城市里， 有16个煤炭枯竭，3个有色金属枯竭，2个石油枯竭 ，煤炭占了绝对比例。而且跟东北老铁一样，煤炭组的 命运也是相当惨。 如果把 ...

矿坑塌陷、企业倒闭、林场停产、人口外流…… 之前，我们讲了东北的30座资源枯竭城市。这批城市里除了极个别幸运儿，似乎都逃不出矿竭城衰的宿命。 但中国资源枯竭的城市，又何止东北一处。华北和西北这两北地区，共同组成了辽阔的北方模式。相比东北老铁高度一致的"铁锈带叙事"，他们的命运可 谓冰火交加。 本期我们将聚焦北方21座资源枯竭城市，看看他们如何与时代赛跑，又如何在泥沼中求生。 一、煤海沉浮，命途多舛 这21座城市里，有16个煤炭枯竭，3个有色金属枯竭，2个石油枯竭，煤炭占了绝对比例。而且跟东北老铁一样，煤炭组的命运也是相当惨。 如果不算黑吉辽和蒙东，华北和西北这四个区占比高达四分之三。其中晋陕蒙宁一个区就占了54.6%，是华南贫煤区的104倍。而16座北方煤炭枯竭城 市，就分布在这片黑色的富矿带上。 他们大致可以分成两条"煤带"，一个在黄河几字弯，一个在黄淮海。这些煤城的品位、储量和开采难度迥然不同，命运也是天差地别。 黄河几字弯是一条超级煤带，宁东、神东、晋北、晋中、陕北、黄陇六大亿吨级基地依次排开，全国一半的煤都是从这儿挖出来的。 煤挖得又多又狠，枯竭城市当然也少不了，比如塞上双子煤城—石嘴山和乌海。 但和 ...

2025年9月30日，辉瑞公司与美国政府达成"最惠国价格"（Most-Favored-Nation Price）协议，计划参与 即将上线的TrumpRx平台，辉瑞宣称将为美国患者提供最高可达85%、平均约50%的药品折扣，并承诺 向各州医疗补助计划（Medicaid）提供"最惠国价格"。作为回报，公司将在三年内获得关税豁免和相关 政策便利。表面上看，这是一场政府与制药企业之间的价格谈判，但从更广的制度视角观察，这一举措 反映出美国药品定价体系在经历长期市场化运行后，正试图向政府更多直接参与的模式转变。 长期以来，美国药品定价机制以自由定价和市场调节为主。2003年《医疗保险现代化法案》（Medicare Modernization Act）中的"不干预条款"，禁止联邦政府直接与制药企业谈判药价，导致政府对药价仅有 零星直接干预。叠加药品福利管理机构（Pharmacy Benefit Managers，PBMs）的多层分销结构和复杂回 扣制度，美国药品价格高企，定价体系复杂。根据兰德（RAND）2024年的报告显示，2022年美国药品 的平均价格是其他33个经合组织国家的2.78倍，美国品牌原研药的价格更是平均 ...

总体来看，美国药价改革反映出全球医药治理体系正在进入再平衡阶段。 冉明东 宋丽梦（中南财经政法大学 湖北省医疗保障改革发展研究院） 2025年9月30日，辉瑞公司与美国政府达成"最惠国价格"（Most-Favored-Nation Price）协议，计划参与 即将上线的TrumpRx平台，辉瑞宣称将为美国患者提供最高可达85%、平均约50%的药品折扣，并承诺 向各州医疗补助计划（Medicaid）提供"最惠国价格"。作为回报，公司将在三年内获得关税豁免和相关 政策便利。表面上看，这是一场政府与制药企业之间的价格谈判，但从更广的制度视角观察，这一举措 反映出美国药品定价体系在经历长期市场化运行后，正试图向政府更多直接参与的模式转变。 长期以来，美国药品定价机制以自由定价和市场调节为主。2003年《医疗保险现代化法案》（Medicare Modernization Act）中的"不干预条款"，禁止联邦政府直接与制药企业谈判药价，导致政府对药价仅有 零星直接干预。叠加药品福利管理机构（Pharmacy Benefit Managers，PBMs）的多层分销结构和复杂回 扣制度，美国药品价格高企，定价体系复杂。根据兰 ...

白宫医生Sean Barbabella随后的一份备忘录称，医生们"未发现深静脉血栓（DVT）或动脉疾病的证 据"，也"未发现心力衰竭、肾功能损害或全身性疾病的迹象"。 在美国总统特朗普近期出现明显的瘀伤和水肿后，外界对其健康状况的质疑日益增多，特朗普将于本周 五接受体检。 白宫新闻秘书莱维特在周三的一份声明中表示："本周五上午，特朗普总统将前往沃尔特·里德医疗中 心，与部队进行计划中的会晤并发表讲话。期间，特朗普总统将顺便进行例行年度检查。"她还透 露，"特朗普总统正在考虑此后不久前往中东。" 尽管白宫将此次访问描述为他的例行年度体检，但这位79岁高龄的美国总统在短短六个月前，即4月11 日，才进行过一次年度体检。 此后，有人发现特朗普的脚踝肿胀，右手上的瘀伤也一直未消。白宫在7月份表示，特朗普被诊断出患 有慢性静脉功能不全，但医生们普遍认为总统的健康状况"极佳"。 特朗普的医生表示，他的脚踝肿胀与静脉疾病有关，当静脉内受损的瓣膜难以将血液从腿部输送回心脏 时，就会发生这种疾病。莱维特此前称这是一种"常见疾病，尤其是在70岁以上的人群中"。根据克利夫 兰诊所的数据，该疾病影响着大约二十分之一的成年人。 白宫还 ...

时值十一长假，人们的饮食、作息也切换成"过节式"，长途跋涉、舟车劳顿、走亲访友、过度饮酒、暴 饮暴食、熬夜刷剧玩游戏成为常态，原有的生活节奏被打乱，带来的健康风险也不容忽视。 在十一假期期间大快朵颐、熬夜娱乐之余，预防及减轻心脑血管疾病的带来危害也成为国人假日期间所 面临的健康挑战之一。 近几年，心脑血管疾病已经成为危害国人健康的主要"杀手"之一。在心脑血管疾病中，冠心病尤为凶 险，中国国家心血管病中心2023年发布的数据表明，我国冠心病患者已超过1100万，且每年以约2.5% 的速度增长。 冠心病全称冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病，根据我国最新统计数据，冠心病在我国的患病率和死亡率呈现 持续上升趋势，在人口老龄化的大形势下，该趋势预计进一步加剧。与此同时，也需要警惕近年来冠心 病发病的年轻化趋势。 "近年来，冠心病发病出现年轻化趋势，这与年轻人不健康的生活方式以及当今社会、环境、心理等多 个因素均密切相关。可以说，冠心病是一个影响国民健康和生命质量的重大公共卫生问题，亟需全社会 和大家的重视和管理。"近日，北京大学第一医院副院长李建平在接受时代周报记者专访时指出。 李建平强调，冠心病年轻化趋势主要源于不健康生活方 ...

Core Viewpoint - Aspirin, originally used as a pain reliever, has shown potential in preventing and treating various diseases, including colorectal cancer, particularly in patients with specific genetic mutations [2][8]. Group 1: Research Findings - A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrated that low-dose aspirin can reduce the cancer recurrence risk by approximately 50% in colorectal cancer patients with PIK3CA mutations [2][8]. - The study involved a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 2980 patients, where 37% were found to have PIK3CA pathway mutations [3][4]. - In the trial, the 3-year cumulative recurrence rates for the aspirin group were 7.7% compared to 14.1% for the placebo group in mutation group A, and 7.7% versus 16.8% in mutation group B [6]. Group 2: Mechanism of Action - The research suggests that aspirin may lower the risk of colorectal cancer recurrence through multiple mechanisms, including reducing inflammation, inhibiting platelet function, and suppressing tumor growth [8]. - Aspirin is highlighted as an easily accessible and low-cost medication, which could significantly impact global colorectal cancer treatment guidelines [8]. Group 3: Related Research - Additional research published in Nature indicates that aspirin may prevent cancer metastasis by enhancing T cell immunity through the inhibition of platelet TXA2 [10]. - This finding opens avenues for future studies to explore the combination of aspirin with other immunotherapies to enhance its anti-metastatic effects [10].

Core Viewpoint - The event aimed to enhance scientific literacy among youth in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area through hands-on experiences in scientific research and education [1][3]. Group 1: Event Overview - The Guangdong-Hong Kong youth science exploration event took place in Guangzhou, involving nearly 70 students and teachers from Hong Kong and Guangzhou [1]. - Participants engaged in a scientific journey, exploring topics such as telomere theory and the potential of pig cells in cancer resistance [1]. Group 2: Educational Activities - A report titled "From Laboratory to Lifeline: How Anti-Cancer Drugs are 'Refined'" was presented, detailing the complex development process of anti-cancer drugs, including examples like Osimertinib and toluenesulfonamide [3]. - Students participated in a classic experiment to synthesize aspirin, gaining insights into the drug's history and the importance of patience and perseverance in scientific research [3]. Group 3: Importance of Scientific Education - Legislative member Chen Yingxin emphasized the significance of early exposure to scientific education in inspiring future scientific talent among youth [3]. - Zhong Weiyue, a prominent figure in the Guangdong Province Respiratory and Health Association, highlighted the critical period of adolescence for cultivating scientific interest and thinking [4].

Core Viewpoint - Shandong Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. reported a decline in revenue and net profit for the first half of 2025, indicating challenges in the market despite some growth in specific segments [1] Financial Performance - The company's operating revenue was approximately 4.639 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 1.98% [1] - Net profit attributable to shareholders was about 224 million yuan, down 15.69% year-on-year [1] - Basic earnings per share stood at 0.32 yuan [1] Product Development and Market Position - The company launched 10 new formulation products in the first half of the year [1] - A total of 19 products across 25 specifications were awarded national procurement bids [1] - The formulation processing and export business maintained stable growth, with significant development in self-operated formulation exports [1] Production and Innovation - The company focused on cost reduction and leveraged its production advantages in key raw materials, resulting in increased production of 11 key raw materials such as ibuprofen and aspirin, thereby expanding market share [1] - Sales of specialty raw materials experienced rapid growth [1] - In the first half of the year, the company obtained 21 drug approvals, including 19 new formulation products and 2 raw material drug approvals [1] - The company initiated Phase II clinical work for a Class I innovative drug OAB-14 for Alzheimer's treatment [1] - The company received 18 authorized patents, including 8 invention patents [1] - One project was awarded the Shandong Province 2024 Science and Technology Progress Award, and another was included in the 2025 provincial major science and technology innovation project [1]

Core Viewpoint - Shandong Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. reported a decline in revenue and net profit for the first half of 2025, indicating challenges in the market despite some growth in specific areas [1] Financial Performance - The company's operating revenue was approximately 4.639 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 1.98% [1] - Net profit attributable to shareholders was about 224 million yuan, down 15.69% year-on-year [1] - Basic earnings per share stood at 0.32 yuan [1] Product Development and Market Position - The company launched 10 new formulation products in the first half of the year [1] - A total of 19 products with 25 specifications were awarded national procurement bids by the end of the reporting period [1] - The formulation processing and export business maintained stable growth, with significant development in self-operated formulation exports [1] Raw Material Production and Innovation - The company leveraged its production advantages in key raw materials, achieving increased production of 11 key raw materials including ibuprofen and aspirin, thereby expanding market share [1] - Sales of specialty raw materials experienced rapid growth [1] - The company obtained 21 drug approvals in the first half of the year, including 19 new formulation products and 2 raw material drug approvals [1] - It initiated Phase II clinical trials for a Class 1 innovative drug OAB-14 for Alzheimer's treatment [1] - The company received 18 authorized patents, including 8 invention patents [1] Recognition and Future Projects - One project was awarded the Shandong Province 2024 Science and Technology Progress Second Prize [1] - Another project was included in the 2025 provincial major scientific and technological innovation engineering projects [1]