小雪时节要多吃黑色的益肾食物，如黑米、紫米、黑豆、黑芝麻、黑木耳、黑枣等，可补养肾气、抵抗寒冷、润肺生津。 多吃黑色可补肾 小雪节气 养生记牢"四个要点" 小雪节气的到来，意味着天气会越来越冷。此时养生要注意天气变化，尤其是要防寒保暖，饮食上则以御寒健脾、滋阴润肺为主。 多食苦味防"上火" 小雪时节容易出现口干舌燥、口腔溃疡、皮肤干燥的症状。"苦"为中医五味之一，具有清泄火热的作用，所以，多吃苦味食物可以有效 地"降火"。 央视网消息：11月22日，我们迎来"小雪"节气，这是农历24节气中的第20个节气。"小雪"是一个反映降水与气温的节气，也是寒潮和强冷 空气活动频数较高的节气。 多食粥汤养脾胃 冬天多食热粥有益健康，如小麦粥、萝卜粥、大枣粥等，能润泽肠胃，补养身体。冬季喝汤能驱寒、预防感冒。 寒冷刺激会让交感神经异常兴奋，进而增强心脏收缩力、引发血压波动，增加急性并发症的风险，容易导致心绞痛、心梗、中风等疾病发 生。因此，高血压患者必须坚持规律服药，并定时监测血压变化。老年人外出则建议随身携带硝酸甘油、速效救心丸等急救药物。 多饮热水促代谢 水是维持人体生命活动和健康的关键元素，每天清晨空腹喝一杯温开水，能 ...

随着我国经济快速发展和人民生活水平的提高，急性心肌梗死的发病率与死亡率逐年升高。秋冬季更是心血管疾病的高发期，气温的下降不仅带来了寒 冷，也增加了心梗的发生风险。 审核专家：中国医学科学院阜外医院心内科副主任医师 安涛 刚垫,机云山巩仪化。 2人 武好医生 小时： 好： 典型症状 前胸剧烈疼痛,呈现压榨性、 闷痛或紧缩感,持续时间超过 15分钟,经休息和含服硝酸甘 油无效。 2.胸部压迫感( 像有块大石头压在胸口,感觉 闷、堵、胀痛,可能持续几分钟 或反复出现。 不典型症状 l.放射性疼痛( 胸部疼痛扩散到左肩、手臂 部、下颌或牙床,表现为 或酸痛。女性患者更易出 种不典型症状。 2.头晕乏力 ( 突然乏力虚弱,全身发 冷，头昏脑胀甚至晕倒昏 l.剧烈胸痛 ( 3.消化道不适 : FEE | FEATS ttp://www.f 3.伴随症状( 常伴有大汗淋漓、面色苍白、 呼吸困难、恶心呕吐、头晕甚 e量厥。 上腹疼痛、恶心、胃灼热 吐,容易与胃肠疾病混淆。 4.糖尿病患者 可能无痛，仅表现为气短， 如果发现自己出现了这些症状,切勿疏忽大意, 保持冷静,及时采取自救措施并立即就医。 9人的医生 all his ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the health risks associated with sudden temperature drops in autumn, particularly for cardiovascular disease patients, and provides recommendations for maintaining heart health during this season [2][3][11]. Group 1: Health Risks from Temperature Drops - Sudden temperature drops can lead to increased cardiovascular disease incidents due to factors such as blood vessel contraction, increased blood viscosity, and emotional stress [3][4][6]. - The phenomenon of "thermal expansion and contraction" in blood vessels can elevate blood pressure and increase the risk of heart attacks [3]. - Dry autumn air can lead to thicker blood, which slows circulation and promotes blood clot formation [4]. Group 2: Recommendations for Cardiovascular Patients - Patients with cardiovascular diseases should avoid extreme temperature exposure and adjust clothing based on their comfort level, especially as temperatures drop [8][10]. - Key body parts such as the head, neck, abdomen, and feet should be kept warm to prevent cold-related health issues [9]. - A layered clothing approach is recommended, with thicker clothing on the lower body to maintain warmth [10]. Group 3: Heart Health Maintenance Tips - Maintain a balanced diet with low salt, oil, and sugar, while ensuring dietary variety [11]. - Engage in moderate exercise, adapting to indoor activities when outdoor temperatures are low [11]. - Stay hydrated by drinking water regularly, not just when thirsty, to avoid increasing heart strain [11]. - Regularly monitor health indicators such as blood pressure and blood sugar levels [11]. Group 4: Emergency Response for Cardiac Events - Recognize symptoms of potential cardiac events, such as chest pain or shortness of breath, and take immediate action [12][13]. - If symptoms persist, seek emergency medical assistance promptly [14].

Core Points - The theme of the 26th World First Aid Day on September 13 is "First Aid and Climate Change" [1] - Temperature fluctuations increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, making timely assistance crucial during heart emergencies [1] Group 1: Misconceptions about Self-Rescue - The idea of "coughing to save oneself" during a heart attack is widely circulated but lacks scientific support and can worsen the situation [2] - Coughing may temporarily increase chest pressure but does not address the underlying blockage and can lead to further complications [2] Group 2: Correct First Aid Procedures - In case of a heart attack, individuals should call emergency services immediately and avoid actions like pounding the chest or deep breathing [3] - Nitroglycerin is recommended as the primary emergency medication for heart conditions, while "fast-acting heart-saving pills" can be used as an alternative if nitroglycerin is unavailable [4] Group 3: CPR and AED Usage - CPR steps include assessing the environment, calling for help, and performing chest compressions followed by rescue breaths [6] - The use of Automated External Defibrillators (AED) is critical for treating cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation [7] Group 4: Asthma and Other Emergencies - During an asthma attack, assisting the patient to a comfortable position can help alleviate symptoms [8] - For unconscious patients, ensuring their safety and maintaining an open airway is essential until professional help arrives [9] Group 5: Importance of First Aid Knowledge - The need for professional knowledge and skills in emergency situations is emphasized to effectively save lives [10] - Promoting first aid education can enhance self-rescue and mutual aid capabilities within communities [11]

Core Points - The article highlights the importance of recognizing atypical pain signals as potential warnings for heart attacks, emphasizing that many patients misinterpret these symptoms and delay seeking medical help [1][2] Group 1: Case Study - A man named Mr. Fan experienced severe shoulder and back pain for three days, mistaking it for shoulder inflammation, which led to a significant heart muscle damage by the time he sought medical attention [1] - Upon diagnosis, he was found to have an acute anterior myocardial infarction with heart failure and shock, having missed the critical 12-hour window for effective treatment [1] - The medical team indicated that timely intervention within two hours could have significantly improved his prognosis [1] Group 2: Warning Signs - The article lists seven types of pain that may indicate a heart attack, including chest pain, prolonged nausea, throat tightness, pain in the left shoulder and arm, persistent back pain, upper abdominal pain, and jaw pain [2][3][5][6][7][8][9][10] Group 3: Prevention Tips - Recommendations for preventing heart attacks include avoiding late nights, unhealthy diets, prolonged sitting, poor emotional management, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption [13][14][16][17][19][20] Group 4: Emergency Response - In the event of a heart attack, immediate actions include stopping all activities, calling emergency services, and potentially using emergency medications if available [22] - The article stresses the importance of timely medical intervention, as the effectiveness of treatment is closely linked to the speed of receiving care [22]

Core Viewpoint - High temperatures and humidity can adversely affect various pharmaceutical forms, leading to reduced efficacy and increased risk of adverse reactions [1][3][5] Group 1: Impact of High Temperature on Different Drug Forms - Tablets, capsules, and liquid formulations are particularly susceptible to moisture absorption, which can lead to degradation [3][5] - Gelatin-based capsules can soften and leak when exposed to high temperatures, necessitating storage in original packaging to avoid light exposure [3][5] - Liquid formulations, such as eye drops and nasal sprays, should not be used beyond one month after opening due to bacterial growth risks in high-temperature environments [3][5] Group 2: Special Storage Recommendations - Certain drug types, such as live bacterial preparations, must be stored in refrigeration (2-8°C) to maintain their efficacy [7][9] - Biological products containing proteins and active substances also require refrigeration and should not be placed near the fridge walls or door due to temperature fluctuations [9] - Emergency medications like nitroglycerin are sensitive to light, heat, and moisture, and should be carried in a bag rather than a pocket, with a replacement recommended every six months [11] Group 3: Drugs That Should Not Be Refrigerated - Some medications, such as syrups and ointments, are adversely affected by cold and humidity, which can lead to crystallization and reduced effectiveness [11] - High humidity in refrigerators can cause hygroscopic drugs to clump, affecting their efficacy [11] - Common household medications like topical ointments and aerosol sprays should not be stored in cold environments [11]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses three commonly used medications for acute angina: Nitroglycerin, Su Xiao Jiu Xin Wan, and Compound Danshen Dripping Pills, highlighting their differences in composition, mechanism of action, and suitable patient populations [1]. Group 1: Nitroglycerin - Nitroglycerin is the first-choice medication for acute angina, primarily acting as a vasodilator [2]. - It is indicated for the prevention and rapid relief of angina attacks caused by coronary artery disease [2]. - The recommended administration method is sublingual or buccal, with a dosage of one tablet during an acute attack, and it can be repeated every 5 minutes if necessary, up to three tablets within 15 minutes [3]. - Contraindications include early myocardial infarction, severe anemia, increased intracranial pressure, acute circulatory failure, or shock, and it should not be used with sildenafil [3]. - The onset of action is approximately 1-3 minutes, with maximum effect reached in 5 minutes, lasting at least 25 minutes [3]. Group 2: Su Xiao Jiu Xin Wan - Su Xiao Jiu Xin Wan serves as an alternative option for relieving angina, composed of Chuanxiong and Bingshen [4]. - It is indicated for promoting blood circulation and alleviating pain, particularly for patients with Qi stagnation and blood stasis type coronary heart disease [4]. - The recommended dosage is 4-6 pills per time, three times a day, with an increased dosage of 10-15 pills during acute attacks [5]. - It is contraindicated for pregnant women [6]. - It is recommended as a backup option when nitroglycerin cannot be used, and it should be taken sublingually for effectiveness [6]. Group 3: Compound Danshen Dripping Pills - Compound Danshen Dripping Pills are often used in conjunction with Western medicine for auxiliary treatment, containing Danshen, Sanqi, and Bingshen [7]. - Indications include promoting blood circulation and alleviating pain, particularly for chest pain due to Qi stagnation and blood stasis, as well as for certain diabetic eye conditions [8]. - The recommended dosage for angina is 10 pills three times a day, with a treatment course of 28 days [8]. - Caution is advised for pregnant or breastfeeding women and those with a tendency to bleed [8]. - It is generally used as an auxiliary treatment rather than a primary emergency medication for acute angina [8]. Group 4: General Recommendations - For all three medications, the recommended administration method during acute angina is sublingual, and patients should be seated while taking the medication [9]. - In cases of persistent chest pain, regardless of medication taken, immediate medical assistance should be sought [9].

Core Viewpoint - The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increasing among individuals under 45 years old, with various risk factors contributing to this trend, emphasizing the importance of early detection and treatment [1][3]. Group 1: Symptoms and Case Study - Typical symptoms of AMI include severe squeezing pain in the chest, which may radiate to the left arm, jaw, neck, back, or shoulder, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulty breathing [1]. - A case study of a patient, Mr. Zhang, illustrates the dangers of ignoring symptoms; despite experiencing chest pain and arm numbness, he delayed seeking treatment until he suffered a heart attack [2]. Group 2: Importance of Early Treatment - Early treatment is crucial for AMI patients, with a critical time frame of 120 minutes from the onset of symptoms to restore blood flow and reduce mortality and disability rates [2]. - The medical team performed emergency procedures including thrombectomy, balloon dilation, and stent placement to restore blood flow in Mr. Zhang's case [2]. Group 3: Risk Factors and Prevention - Key risk factors for AMI include age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity, while lifestyle factors such as irregular schedules, excessive fatigue, sedentary behavior, smoking, and alcohol consumption contribute to the rising incidence among younger populations [3]. - Self-rescue measures for suspected AMI include calling emergency services, resting in a position that allows for easy access for responders, and taking sublingual nitroglycerin to alleviate symptoms [3].