中国钢铁产业在全球铁矿石市场上的崛起，是一部充满博弈与变革的史诗。 曾几何时，澳大利亚的矿产资源以其高昂的售价，令人咋舌。而远在大洋彼岸的英国，也出现了令人颇感意外的景象，一些英国女性加入了澳大利亚矿业的 行列。 在加入世界贸易组织之后，中国的进口需求如潮水般涌来。2003年，中国进口了惊人的一亿四千八百万吨铁矿石，超越了日本，成为全球最大的进口国。日 本早已与澳大利亚的矿业巨头力拓、必和必拓以及巴西的淡水河谷签署了长期合同，锁定了价格。 从2003年到2008年，铁矿石价格犹如坐上了过山车，年涨幅分别为8.9%、18.62%、71.5%、19%、9.5%和65%。在这短短几年间，中国为进口铁矿石多支付 了高达七千亿元人民币。 进口资质一度放开，曾有多达523家企业获得进口许可。然而，这却催生了市场的乱象：一些拥有长协价合同的代理商，以较低的价格拿到矿石，随后又高 价转售给小型钢厂，从中牟取暴利。小型钢厂不仅要承受高昂的矿石成本，还要面对日益严格的环保罚款。 为了整顿市场秩序，2005年2月28日，中国钢铁工业协会（中钢协）大幅缩减了进口资质企业数量，仅保留了118家，其中包括70家钢厂和48家代理商。然 而 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a significant shift in the iron ore negotiation dynamics between China and Australia, highlighting China's strategic moves to leverage its position as the largest steel producer and buyer of iron ore, ultimately leading to a successful negotiation with BHP for pricing in RMB instead of USD [2][15]. Group 1: Historical Context - For 20 years, China has been at a disadvantage in iron ore pricing, paying significantly higher prices compared to the production costs of Australian mines, which are around $19 per ton, while China was paying up to $109 per ton [4][5]. - In 2024, the average profit margin for Chinese steel companies was only 0.71%, with many companies facing losses, contrasting sharply with the high profits earned by Australian miners [6][7]. Group 2: Strategic Moves by China - China established the China Mineral Resources Group in 2022, consolidating purchasing power and representing nearly 40% of the country's iron ore imports, allowing for more effective negotiations with suppliers [10]. - China has secured contracts with Brazilian mining giant Vale and other Australian companies for RMB-denominated transactions, reducing reliance on USD [11]. - The development of the Simandou iron ore project in Guinea, which has higher quality ore than Australian sources, positions China to further reduce dependence on Australian iron ore [12]. Group 3: Negotiation Outcomes - The negotiation in October 2025 resulted in a shift to 30% of transactions being settled in RMB, marking a significant change in the pricing structure and reducing the influence of the Platts index, which has been criticized for benefiting Western interests [14][15]. - The article emphasizes that this negotiation is not just about immediate price savings but represents a broader challenge to the dominance of the USD in global commodity trading [15][17]. Group 4: Future Implications - With the upcoming availability of Simandou iron ore and the increasing recycling of steel, China's position in the global steel market is expected to strengthen, allowing for more flexibility in sourcing and pricing [17]. - The article concludes that this shift marks a turning point in the relationship between China and Australia, with China now able to dictate terms rather than being at the mercy of Australian suppliers [17].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Report's Core View No clear core view presented in the given content. It mainly provides daily data on iron ore including futures prices, spot prices, basis, spreads, import profits, and more. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Futures Prices - DCE01: Today's price is 808.5, up 1.0 from yesterday; DCE05 is 786.0, unchanged; DCE09 is 766.0, up 2.0 [2] - Inter - contract spreads: I01 - I05 is 22.5, up 1.0; I05 - I09 is 20.0, down 2.0; I09 - I01 is - 42.5, up 1.0 [2] Spot Prices - Various iron ore spot prices increased compared to the previous day. For example, PB powder (60.8%) rose from 780 to 786, Newman powder from 789 to 796, etc. [2] Basis - The basis of different iron ore varieties to different contracts is provided. For the optimal delivery product (Roy Hill powder), the 01 - contract basis is 34, 05 - contract basis is 55, and 09 - contract basis is 77 [2] Spot Variety Spreads - Spreads between different iron ore varieties changed. For example, the spread of Carajás fines - PB powder increased from 128 to 129 [2] Import Profits - Import profits of different iron ore varieties changed. For example, the import profit of Carajás fines decreased from 18 to 3 [2] Indexes - The Platts 62% iron ore price increased from 105.2 to 106.6, the 65% price remained unchanged at 120.8, and the 58% price increased from 93.3 to 94.6 [2] 内外盘美金价差 - The spreads between SGX and DCE contracts increased. For example, SGX main - DCE01 increased from 7.2 to 7.5 [2]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Report's Core View No clear core view is presented in the given content. The report mainly offers data on iron ore futures, spot prices, spreads, and import profits. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalog Futures Prices - DCE01 decreased from 771.0 to 769.0, a drop of 2.0; DCE05 fell from 749.5 to 747.0, a decline of 2.5; DCE09 declined from 789.0 to 786.0, a decrease of 3.0 [2] - I01 - I05 increased from 21.5 to 22.0, a rise of 0.5; I05 - I09 increased from -39.5 to -39.0, a rise of 0.5; I09 - I01 decreased from 18.0 to 17.0, a drop of 1.0 [2] Spot Prices - PB powder decreased from 770 to 768, a drop of 2; Newman powder decreased from 764 to 763, a decline of 1; Mac powder decreased from 761 to 756, a decrease of 5 [2] - The optimal deliverable is PB powder with a price of 809 after deducting the 8 yuan/ton warehouse - out fee [2] Spot Price Spreads - The spread of Carajás fines - PB powder increased from 105 to 109, a rise of 4; Newman powder - Jinbuba powder decreased from 21 to 20, a decline of 1; Carajás fines - Jinbuba powder increased from 132 to 134, a rise of 2 [2] Import Profits - Carajás fines' import profit increased from -26 to -23, a rise of 3; Newman powder's import profit remained at 0; PB powder's import profit decreased from -5 to -6, a drop of 1 [2] Index Prices - The Platts Iron Ore 62% price decreased from 101.1 to 100.8, a drop of 0.3; the Platts Iron Ore 65% price decreased from 118.6 to 118.3, a decline of 0.3; the Platts Iron Ore 58% price decreased from 89.2 to 88.8, a decrease of 0.4 [2][4] 内外盘美金价差 - SGX主力 - DCE01 decreased from 7.7 to 7.5, a drop of 0.2; SGX主力 - DCE05 decreased from 10.4 to 10.2, a decline of 0.3; SGX主力 - DCE09 decreased from 5.4 to 5.2, a decrease of 0.2 [2][4]