"海平面上升是真实存在的，"该研究的主要作者、夏威夷大学马诺阿分校的博士生诺亚·帕奥阿 说，"这不是一个遥远的威胁。" 《文化遗产杂志》近期刊发的一项研究显示，由于海平面上升，海水可能最早于2080年到达复活节 岛的15座标志性摩艾石像。岛上约50处其他文化遗址也面临海水的威胁。 智利复活节岛是南太平洋上一个只有100多平方公里的小岛，以巨石像闻名于世。研究结果表明， 海浪最早可能在2080年到达岛上最大的仪式平台。美联社报道称，该平台上有15座重要摩艾石像，每年 吸引大量游客，是该岛旅游经济的"基石"。 研究人员用计算机模拟未来海平面上升情形下的海浪影响情况，并将结果与岛上文化遗址地图叠 加，以确定未来几十年哪些地方可能被淹没。 虽然这项研究的重点是复活节岛，但其结论反映了一个更广泛的现实：世界各地的文化遗产正日益 受到海平面上升的威胁。联合国教科文组织上个月发布的一份报告发现，约有50处世界遗产极易受到沿 海洪水的威胁。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The rising sea levels due to climate change are posing significant threats to coastal communities and ecosystems, necessitating urgent international cooperation and resource allocation to mitigate impacts and adapt to changes [2][9]. Group 1: Climate Change and Sea Level Rise - The World Meteorological Organization reports unprecedented sea level rise, with global sea levels increasing approximately 100 millimeters from 1993 to 2024 [3]. - China's coastal sea level is projected to be 96 millimeters higher than the historical average in 2024 due to climate change [3]. - A study indicates that even if global temperatures stabilize, nearly 40% of glacier mass is already lost, potentially leading to an additional 113 millimeters of sea level rise [3]. Group 2: Impact on Vulnerable Regions - Tuvalu, with an average elevation of only 2 meters, faces existential threats from rising sea levels, with most land and infrastructure expected to be below high tide by 2050 [6]. - Coastal cities like Alexandria in Egypt and Atafona in Brazil are experiencing severe erosion and flooding, with significant infrastructure at risk [6]. - The World Bank predicts that by 2050, there could be 216 million climate migrants globally, with cities like Dhaka and Bogotá expected to absorb millions of these migrants [7]. Group 3: Economic and Social Consequences - Rising sea levels are exacerbating coastal storm surges, damaging ecosystems, and threatening agriculture, fisheries, and tourism [8]. - The competition for climate aid is intensifying among major powers, impacting the effectiveness of multilateral climate mechanisms and increasing costs for clean technologies [8]. Group 4: International Response and Cooperation - The United Nations has emphasized the urgent need for global action against climate change, framing it as a survival threat [9]. - Multilateral mechanisms are crucial for addressing sea level rise, with various international organizations working to build consensus on climate action [9]. - Countries like the Netherlands are showcasing innovative water management strategies that could serve as models for other nations facing similar challenges [10].

Core Insights - A significant earthquake of magnitude 8.7 occurred off the eastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, raising concerns among Pacific island nations [1] - Tuvalu's sea level has risen by 15 centimeters compared to the average of the past 30 years, with projections indicating that much of the country will be below high tide levels by 2050 [1] - Tuvalu, with an average elevation of 2 meters, is highly vulnerable to rising sea levels, flooding, and storm surges [1] Migration Initiatives - Tuvalu is collaborating with Australia to launch an unprecedented "climate visa" program, allowing 280 Tuvaluans to settle in Australia as permanent residents each year [1] - The signing of the "Farapili Alliance Treaty" in November 2023 is expected to facilitate the migration of 40% of Tuvalu's population within the next decade [1] - Other Pacific nations, such as Fiji and Vanuatu, are also experiencing similar crises and have begun to implement planned migration policies [1]

Group 1 - A significant earthquake of magnitude 8.7 occurred off the eastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, raising concerns among Pacific island nations [1] - Tuvalu's sea level has risen by 15 centimeters compared to the average of the past 30 years, with projections indicating that much of the country will be below high tide levels by 2050 [1] - Tuvalu, with an average elevation of 2 meters, is highly vulnerable to rising sea levels, flooding, and storm surges [1] Group 2 - In November 2023, Tuvalu and Australia signed the "Fala Pilili Alliance Treaty," allowing 280 Tuvaluans to settle in Australia as permanent residents each year, with an expectation that 40% of the population will migrate within 10 years [3] - The first phase of applications for the migration program received 8,750 submissions, representing about 80% of Tuvalu's total population [3] - Other Pacific nations, such as Fiji and Vanuatu, are also developing planned migration policies in response to climate crises [3]

新南威尔士大学"卡尔多国际难民法中心"研究员简·麦克亚当称，算上澳大利亚和新西兰的其他移民渠 道，图瓦卢每年约有4%的人口可以移民，十年内将有40%的人口可以迁出该国。除了与澳大利亚达成 协议外，面对生存威胁的图瓦卢还在2022年启动了一项战略，旨在让该国成为世界上第一个数字化国 家。据称，这项计划包括用3D技术扫描岛屿并以数字化方式重建岛屿、保护文化遗产等。 NASA数据显示，过去一年间，全球海平面上升幅度超过预期，而太平洋岛屿尤其容易受到海平面上升 影响。联合国数据显示，海平面上升已影响全球10亿人。到2050年，数百个人口稠密的城市可能因气候 变化而面临更大的洪灾风险。 北京商报综合报道 图瓦卢富纳富提环礁，气候变化致海平面上升。 为应对气候变化，太平洋岛国图瓦卢正计划"举国迁移"。报道称，这是全球首个计划整体迁移的国家。 这个陆地最高点不超过海平面5米、平均海拔仅2米的国家可能在25年后被淹没。官方数据显示，已有超 过八成图瓦卢居民申请前往澳大利亚的气候签证，以寻求庇护。 据介绍，图瓦卢是世界上最小的国家之一，位于中太平洋南部，由9个地势低洼的环礁组成，陆地面积 只有26平方公里，人口约1.12万。该 ...

Core Viewpoint - The unconventional measure of Tuvalu applying for migration visas highlights the vulnerability of humanity in the face of climate change, as evidenced by the lottery system determining the fate of its citizens [1]. Group 1: Migration and Climate Change - A total of 2,474 family groups, comprising 8,750 Tuvaluan citizens, applied for the "climate migration" lottery, with only 280 individuals set to receive permanent residency in Australia [1][2]. - Tuvalu's population is estimated to be between 9,500 and 11,000, making the participation in the lottery a significant national event [2]. Group 2: Environmental Challenges - Tuvalu, consisting of nine circular coral islands, has a total land area of only 26 square kilometers, with the highest point being 4.6 meters above sea level and an average elevation of just 2 meters [5]. - NASA's report indicates that the sea level around Tuvalu has risen by 0.15 meters over the past 30 years, with projections suggesting an additional rise of 20 centimeters or more by 2050, and potentially 0.5 to 1 meter by the end of the century [5]. Group 3: International Agreements - In response to the rising sea levels, Tuvalu and Australia signed the "Fale Apili Alliance Treaty" at the end of 2023, which provides annual permanent residency for 280 Tuvaluans along with various benefits such as education subsidies and health insurance [6]. Group 4: Digital Initiatives - Tuvalu announced a plan to migrate its national identity into the metaverse, aiming to create a digital twin of the nation to preserve its history, geography, and culture [9]. - The government seeks to establish blockchain-based digital passports to maintain governance and record vital events, despite internal controversies and uncertainties regarding international recognition [10].