如果一切顺利，这套降落伞系统将在2028年帮助重达310公斤的"罗莎琳德·富兰克林"号火星车降落到这 颗红色星球的表面，寻找火星生命的痕迹。 【环球时报综合报道】火星长期是人类探索太空的目标之一，然而想要在空气稀薄的火星表面安全着陆 并非易事。美国"太空"网站22日称，欧空局近日成功在北极高空测试了"史上最大火星降落伞"，为命运 多舛的ExoMars项目未来在火星降落打下了良好的基础。 报道称，不同于近乎真空的月球表面，火星依然拥有稀薄的大气，可以利用降落伞减缓探测器的着陆速 度。但火星大气密度仅为地球的1%左右，想要尽可能真实地模拟火星大气环境，只能在距离地面数十 公里的地球高空展开试验，并精心调整试验参数。欧空局专家描述称，探测器在火星着陆期间，速度将 在大气阻力的作用下，从每小时2.1万公里降低到约每小时1600公里。在这次测试期间，模拟探测器由 高空气球携带到30公里的高空后释放，它穿过稀薄的地球平流层之后达到与之相当的速度，随后打开降 落伞。据介绍，这套降落伞系统由两级降落伞组成，包括直径约15米的第一级降落伞和直径35米的第二 级降落伞。欧空局称，后者是有史以来为在火星上着陆而设计制造的最大降落伞 ...

Core Viewpoint - China is expected to establish the world's first Mars sample laboratory, with construction projected to be completed and operational by 2030 after 4-5 years of development [1][2]. Group 1: Laboratory Overview - The Deep Space Exploration Laboratory is a collaborative project between the National Space Administration, Anhui Province, and the University of Science and Technology of China, focusing on strategic and foundational research in deep space exploration [2]. - The laboratory aims to integrate science, technology, and engineering to meet national space strategy needs and international scientific plans [2]. Group 2: Mars Sample Laboratory - The Mars sample laboratory will differ from the lunar sample laboratory due to the potential presence of living microorganisms on Mars, necessitating high-level biological safety measures [2]. - This facility will protect Earth from potential unknown Martian microorganisms while preserving the scientific value of the Martian samples [2]. - The establishment of this laboratory will enhance China's influence and authority in deep space exploration, particularly in Mars exploration, attracting numerous domestic and international research institutions and scholars [2]. Group 3: Future Developments - The Deep Space Exploration Laboratory is also exploring the possibility of establishing a planetary environment simulation and resource utilization facility in Hefei [2].