Core Perspective - Pablo Picasso's "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon," created in 1907, is a landmark work in 20th-century modern art, marking the beginning of Cubism and reflecting a significant shift in artistic exploration and cultural context [1][4]. Artistic Innovation - The painting features five nude women whose bodies are deconstructed into multiple geometric planes, challenging traditional representations of the human form [2][4]. - Picasso's use of fragmented geometric shapes to reconstruct figures eliminates classical aesthetics of harmony and beauty, replacing them with a raw, sharp visual impact [2][4]. Spatial and Color Treatment - Picasso abandons single-point perspective, juxtaposing visual elements from different angles on the same plane, creating a "flattened space" that dissolves traditional depth perception [3][4]. - The color palette primarily consists of blue, ochre, and gray, establishing a cold, oppressive atmosphere, with brushwork that emphasizes form over natural light [3][4]. Historical Context and Impact - Initially, "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" was not publicly exhibited until 1916, and it faced mixed reactions, with conservative critics viewing it as a disaster for rejecting the realistic traditions established since the Renaissance [4][6]. - The work is considered the beginning of Cubism, influencing artists like Henri Matisse and Georges Braque, and paving the way for movements such as Futurism and Abstract Expressionism [6][7]. Cultural Reflection - Picasso's art reflects a continuous inquiry into the essence of art, emphasizing that it is not merely imitation of nature but exists parallel to it, incorporating diverse cultural elements and addressing social issues [5][6]. - "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" serves as a critical text for understanding the transition from traditional to modern art, symbolizing a rebellion against standardized visual norms in the context of contemporary digital technology [6][7].

Core Perspective - The film "Cézanne et moi" explores the deep friendship and artistic struggles between French literary giant Émile Zola and Impressionist master Paul Cézanne, highlighting their mutual admiration and the eventual conflict that led to the breakdown of their relationship [1][2]. Group 1: Artistic Journey - Zola and Cézanne initially bond over their shared passion for art, with Zola focusing on realistic literature and Cézanne on capturing the nuances of nature through color and light [1]. - Zola's works, such as "Germinal," reveal social issues and human weaknesses, earning him recognition in the literary world, while Cézanne's innovative approach to painting, including geometric shapes and bold colors, challenges traditional norms [2]. Group 2: Conflict and Separation - The divergence in their artistic philosophies leads to a conflict of values, culminating in Zola's critical portrayal of Cézanne in his novel "The Masterpiece," which Cézanne perceives as a betrayal [2]. - The film poignantly depicts the emotional turmoil of their arguments and disappointments, illustrating the fragility of friendship under societal pressures [2]. Group 3: Legacy and Cultural Significance - After their friendship ends, Cézanne retreats to his hometown, dedicating himself to painting despite societal neglect, ultimately becoming a pivotal figure in modern art [3]. - The film also celebrates the richness of French culture, showcasing the beauty of Provence and the characters' unwavering commitment to their artistic beliefs, embodying the spirit of innovation in French culture [3][4].