Investment Rating - The report maintains a cautious recommendation for the industry, focusing on controllable nuclear fusion-related stocks such as Lianchuang Optoelectronics and Guoguang Electric [4][5]. Core Insights - Magnetic confinement is currently the best method for achieving controllable nuclear fusion, with significant challenges in maintaining the extreme conditions required for fusion reactions [1][9]. - The main magnetic confinement devices are Tokamak and Stellarator, with Tokamak being more widely used but facing inherent instabilities due to plasma current [2][14]. - Advanced Stellarators have stringent standards for modular coil systems, magnetic surface quality, and stability under high pressure, which enhance plasma confinement and reduce transport losses [3][36]. - The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) Stellarator set a new world record for nuclear fusion triple product, demonstrating its potential in the race towards commercial fusion power [3][41]. Summary by Sections 1. Tokamak vs. Stellarator - Magnetic confinement is the best approach for controllable nuclear fusion, requiring extreme temperatures and conditions [1][9]. - The main magnetic confinement devices include Tokamak and Stellarator, with Tokamak facing stability issues due to plasma current [2][14]. 2. Development of Stellarators - The W7-X Stellarator achieved a new record in nuclear fusion triple product, showcasing its capabilities compared to Tokamak devices [3][41]. - The development of advanced Stellarators focuses on optimizing magnetic field configurations to improve plasma confinement [3][36]. 3. Investment Opportunities - The report suggests focusing on companies involved in controllable nuclear fusion, specifically Lianchuang Optoelectronics and Guoguang Electric, which are making strides in superconducting technology and nuclear fusion applications [4][54][56].

Core Insights - The nuclear fusion research is transitioning from the "forever 50 years" phase to a "10-20 years" window, with increasing competition among the US, China, and Europe [2][29][34] - The rapid development of artificial intelligence is driving the demand for green energy, making nuclear fusion a critical area for future technological competition [2] - Significant investments are flowing into fusion technologies, particularly in the US and China, with a notable increase in private capital involvement [4][7][30] Investment Trends - In 2025, US startup Helion Energy completed a Series F funding round of $425 million, bringing its total funding to over $1 billion and a valuation exceeding $5.4 billion [4] - As of October 2024, US fusion companies attracted over $5.6 billion in equity financing, while Chinese fusion companies secured nearly $2.5 billion, significantly outpacing other countries [4][6] - The fusion investment landscape saw a peak in 2024, with total financing nearing $3 billion, marking a resurgence since 2021 [4] Technological Advancements - China has made significant progress in fusion research, with key advancements from institutions like the Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Nuclear Corporation [3][8][13] - The EAST device achieved a milestone of maintaining a temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius for 1,000 seconds, simulating conditions necessary for future fusion reactors [13] - New breakthroughs in plasma current and temperature have been reported from various Chinese fusion projects, indicating a rapid advancement towards practical fusion energy [14][15][16] Competitive Landscape - The global fusion research landscape includes 166 facilities, with the US leading with 48 operational devices, followed by Japan and China [6][7] - Private capital is increasingly funding fusion projects, with 51 out of 166 facilities receiving private investments [7] - Notable startups like Helion Energy and TAE are pursuing innovative fusion technologies, including hydrogen-boron fusion, which presents unique challenges and potential advantages [12][23][29] Future Outlook - The timeline for achieving commercial fusion energy is projected to be within the next 10-20 years, driven by technological advancements and increased investment [29][30] - The competition in fusion technology is primarily between China and developed countries like the US and Europe, with each aiming to establish leadership in this critical energy sector [34]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook on the controllable nuclear fusion industry, particularly during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, anticipating a significant increase in capital expenditure and related equipment orders [4]. Core Insights - Controllable nuclear fusion is highlighted as a preferred future energy source due to its high energy density, easy-to-obtain raw materials, flexible layout, and environmental safety [1][13]. - The Q value, a critical indicator for the commercialization of nuclear fusion, has been consistently improving, surpassing 1, indicating energy balance [1][16]. - The industry is experiencing rapid international advancements, with a notable increase in financing, exceeding $7.1 billion in 2024, up by $900 million from 2023 [1][31]. Summary by Sections Section 1: Controllable Nuclear Fusion - Nuclear fusion offers significant advantages over other energy sources, including a million-fold increase in energy density compared to current systems [13]. - The Q value is essential for assessing the feasibility of nuclear fusion, with recent advancements showing a positive trend in its growth [16][20]. - Magnetic confinement is expected to become the mainstream approach for controllable nuclear fusion, currently holding a 62% market share [22]. Section 2: Technological Breakthroughs and Accelerated Bidding - The industry is currently in the experimental reactor construction phase, primarily led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and China Nuclear Group [36]. - Significant breakthroughs in high-temperature superconductors are expected to accelerate the commercialization of nuclear fusion [45]. - The BEST project is advancing rapidly, with expectations to achieve significant milestones by 2027 [51][57]. Section 3: Core Value in the Midstream Equipment - The nuclear fusion industry chain consists of upstream materials, midstream equipment, and downstream nuclear applications, with midstream equipment currently seeing increased capital expenditure [62]. - The magnetic component represents the highest value segment within the nuclear fusion industry chain, accounting for 28% of the total costs in projects like ITER [63][66]. Section 4: Investment Recommendations - Companies such as Hezhong Intelligent are expected to benefit from the capital expenditure associated with the BEST project, with projected revenue growth [69]. - Lianchuang Optoelectronics is positioned as a key player in high-temperature superconductors, with a strong market advantage [76]. - Guoguang Electric is recognized as a core supplier of critical components like the first wall and divertor in nuclear fusion applications [83].