Investment Rating - The report recommends an "Outperform" rating for the aviation sector, indicating a positive outlook for the industry relative to the overall market performance [72]. Core Insights - The global aviation market is expected to see sustained growth in demand over the next two decades, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.6% for global air passenger traffic, particularly driven by the Asia-Pacific region [3][5]. - The aircraft supply chain is currently facing significant disruptions, with recovery efforts progressing slowly due to multiple challenges [4][32]. - The demand for aircraft is projected to remain high, with the global fleet expected to double to 49,220 aircraft by 2044, driven by both fleet expansion and the need for fleet renewal [5][13]. - The narrow-body aircraft segment is anticipated to dominate future demand, accounting for 81% of the total aircraft demand [20][21]. - The supply of aircraft has fallen short of demand, leading to increased values and rental rates for aircraft and components [5][63]. Summary by Sections Future Demand Outlook - The aviation demand is projected to grow significantly, with the average number of flights per person in China increasing from 0.6 in 2024 to 1.8 by 2044 [6][10]. - Emerging markets in Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, and Africa are expected to surpass North America and Europe in terms of aviation capacity share, reaching over 50% by 2044 [10][11]. Aircraft Supply Chain Challenges - The aircraft supply chain is currently disordered, with significant gaps in supply for narrow-body and wide-body aircraft, estimated at 1,200 and 300 units respectively [32][49]. - Manufacturers are struggling with delivery capabilities, with production levels still below pre-pandemic figures [37][46]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on the aviation sector due to limited supply growth and resilient demand, with specific recommendations for airlines such as China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines, and Spring Airlines [71][72]. - It also highlights opportunities in global aircraft leasing companies and maintenance service providers [71].

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the impact of a 125% tariff imposed by China on Boeing aircraft and components, significantly affecting the aviation industry and aircraft leasing sector [1][3][5]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Increased Costs for Airlines**: The tariff will substantially raise procurement costs for airlines, potentially leading to cancellations or delays in Boeing aircraft orders. Existing aircraft and those imported before April 10, 2025, are exempt from the tariff [1][3][2]. - **Impact on Aircraft Leasing**: The demand for aircraft leasing may rise due to increased direct purchase costs. However, leasing companies will also face the additional tariff, complicating the overall impact on the leasing industry [1][5]. - **Dependence on U.S. Components**: China heavily relies on U.S. aviation components, with 51% of its 2024 imports coming from the U.S. The tariff will challenge the search for alternative suppliers, potentially extending maintenance cycles and reducing aircraft utilization rates [1][7]. - **Domestic Aircraft Production Challenges**: The production of China's C919 aircraft is hindered by reliance on U.S. components, leading to increased costs and affecting production capacity and pricing [1][8]. - **Airline Strategies**: Major Chinese airlines (Air China, China Eastern, China Southern) may shift to the leasing market or seek support from parent companies due to the tariff's impact on their Boeing acquisition plans [1][9]. - **Shift to Airbus**: There is a potential shift in demand from Boeing to Airbus, which could tighten global aircraft supply and slow down the overall increase in aircraft utilization rates in China [3][11]. Additional Important Content - **Tariff Exemptions**: Aircraft and components imported before specific dates are exempt from the new tariffs, which will not affect rental prices as they are based on aircraft prices [2][6]. - **Long-term Supply Chain Effects**: The tariff is expected to exacerbate supply chain tensions and may lead to a structural change in the aviation market, benefiting the aircraft leasing sector as supply tightens [12][27]. - **Market Dynamics**: The overall demand for aircraft is expected to remain stable, while supply growth will be limited, leading to a favorable environment for aircraft leasing companies [12][13]. - **Maintenance Cost Increases**: The tariff may lead to higher maintenance costs due to increased demand for non-U.S. parts and the overall tightening of the supply chain [25]. - **Potential for Old Aircraft Market Growth**: The demand for older aircraft may rise as airlines look for cost-effective solutions amidst the tariff-induced price increases for new aircraft [15][10]. Conclusion - The imposition of the 125% tariff on Boeing aircraft and components is expected to have significant short-term and long-term effects on the aviation industry, particularly impacting procurement strategies, aircraft leasing dynamics, and overall market supply and demand [27].