王彦喆介绍，研究表明，阿尔茨海默病患者在早期阶段，常会不自觉地重复某些特定语句。若长辈频繁 说以下这些话，建议提高警惕。 01 "我刚才说到哪儿了？" 短期记忆衰退是阿尔茨海默病最典型的早期症状。患者可能在聊天中突然中断，完全忘记刚说的内容， 甚至几分钟内反复询问同一个问题——这并非"走神"，而是大脑无法短暂存储信息的表现。 02 "那个东西叫什么来着？" （来源：沈阳晚报） 转自：沈阳晚报 晚饭时，母亲第三次问："今天谁要来家里吃饭？"散步时，父亲指着公园的长椅说："那个，那个坐的 东西叫啥来着？"这些看似寻常的"糊涂"瞬间，可能藏着阿尔茨海默病的早期预警。很多人以为长辈记 性差、说话重复是自然衰老的常态，却忽略了语言是大脑高级功能的"晴雨表"。当认知衰退悄然降临， 语言表达往往是最先发出警报的系统。 由于该病早期症状与正常衰老极易混淆，错过最佳干预时机，可能导致病情快速进展。中国医科大学附 属第一医院神经内科王彦喆医生提醒：这些不经意的"口头禅"，或许正是大脑在向你发出求救信号，及 时识别、尽早干预，才能为长辈筑起一道健康防线。 这些"口头禅"可能是危险信号 阿尔茨海默病的核心病理特征是大脑中β-淀粉样蛋 ...

一组训练空间导航能力 《生命时报》邀请专家解读新研究，科学锻炼大脑、延缓认知衰退。 常做2种训练，逆转大脑年龄 上述研究来自美国亚利桑那大学与佛罗里达大学脑健康研究中心团队，纳入75名18~45岁健康参与者， 分组开展为期4周的认知训练： 但近日，发表在《生命科学电子期刊》的最新研究显示，进行空间导航、语言记忆的针对性训练，大脑 功能可实现"逆生长"。 50岁后，大脑处理信息的速度每年递减1%，60岁后更会减慢。 在虚拟城市中自主寻找最优路线、定位地标，并整合多区域的空间信息。 一组训练语言记忆能力 将指定词汇与生活场景、记忆、时间"绑定"，且记忆期间会被干扰。 两组参与者均完成10次训练、每次2小时。 研究结果显示，两种训练均能显著改善认知。 导航组学习新路线的效率提升23.6%，任务平均用时从142秒缩短至108秒；记忆组回忆正确单词的数量 从41个增至58个。而且训练结束6个月后，上述指标的改善效果仍维持在80%以上。 更关键的是，参与者的海马体体积、大脑皮层厚度等结构指标并没有显著变化，但不同脑区的连接明显 增强。 北京老年医院认知障碍诊疗中心主任医师吕继辉表示："这意味着，认知提升并不是源自脑容量增 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the detrimental effects of prolonged sedentary behavior on both physical and cognitive health, highlighting the urgent need for integrating movement into daily routines to combat metabolic disorders and cognitive decline [8][11][15]. Group 1: Sedentary Lifestyle and Health Risks - A study reveals that just 10 days of inactivity can significantly worsen insulin resistance and increase the risk of cognitive decline through muscle-brain axis disruptions [8][9]. - Data indicates that from 1940 to 2020, while global life expectancy increased by 12.6 years, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes surged by 4.7 times, and healthy life expectancy after age 65 decreased by 8.2 years [11][12]. - Urban professionals are reported to sit for over 9 hours a day, with 83% relying on screens during leisure time, contributing to metabolic crises [14]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Cognitive Decline - Muscle disuse leads to iron overload in skeletal muscles while decreasing iron levels in serum and brain tissue, creating a negative correlation that exacerbates insulin resistance and neuroinflammation [8][9]. - The study identifies a new mechanism where muscle atrophy affects cognitive decline through iron metabolism regulation, suggesting that even short-term inactivity could be a potential trigger for Alzheimer's disease [9]. Group 3: Benefits of Physical Activity - Engaging in regular physical activity can yield immediate and long-term health benefits, including a 33% reduction in all-cause mortality risk for those who incorporate movement into their routines [16][17]. - The concept of "exercise investment" is introduced, indicating that the metabolic memory effect from exercise can sustain pancreatic and brain health, making any time to start exercising worthwhile [16][17]. - Regular exercise can enhance insulin sensitivity by 25% and reduce dementia risk by 28% compared to sedentary individuals [16][17]. Group 4: Strategies for Incorporating Movement - The article suggests four simple strategies to develop exercise habits, such as creating more opportunities for activity in daily life, incorporating short breaks for movement during work, engaging in outdoor activities on weekends, and setting achievable goals [18][19]. - Small changes, like walking an additional 2,000 steps daily, can significantly lower cardiovascular disease risk by 15% [18]. - Establishing a consistent exercise routine is emphasized as more important than the intensity of workouts, with gradual increases in activity recommended [19].

Core Findings - A team from the University of California, Irvine discovered that a combination of Vitamin B3 (niacinamide) and the active component in green tea, EGCG, can rejuvenate aging brain cells and effectively clear harmful protein accumulations associated with Alzheimer's disease [1][2] - The research published in the latest issue of "Aging Science" indicates that this combination significantly enhances the levels of GTP, a key energy molecule in brain cells, and improves the ability to clear β-amyloid proteins, which are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease [1][3] Mechanism of Action - The study utilized a gene-encoded fluorescent sensor named GEVAL to monitor GTP dynamics in neurons of aged Alzheimer's model mice, revealing a continuous decline in GTP levels with age, particularly in mitochondria, which severely impacts autophagy, the process of clearing damaged components [1] - Neurons treated with niacinamide and EGCG showed GTP levels restored to those of younger cells, leading to improved energy metabolism, activation of key proteins responsible for cellular transport, and efficient clearance of β-amyloid aggregates, thereby reducing oxidative stress associated with neurodegeneration [2] Implications for Treatment - The findings suggest that the combination of these two natural dietary supplements may serve as a new tool in combating cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease [3]

Core Viewpoint - The research reveals the developmental control mechanism of the meningeal lymphatic system in the brain, highlighting the dynamic regulation by neural activity through specific glial cell subtypes, which provides new insights into the interaction between the nervous and immune systems [3][6][9]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study identifies that neural activity regulates the expression of Vegfc in slc6a11b+ radial astrocytes, which in turn controls the development of mural lymphatic endothelial cells (muLEC) in the meninges [3][5]. - It demonstrates that slc6a11b+ radial astrocytes are the primary source of Vegfc, essential for muLEC development, and that this process is modulated by neural activity [7][9]. - The collaboration between slc6a11b+ radial astrocytes and ccbe1+ fibroblasts ensures that muLEC is restricted to the brain surface, preventing invasion into the brain parenchyma [5][9]. Group 2: Implications for Future Research - The findings suggest that the brain not only processes neural information but also coordinates its microenvironment, providing a new framework for understanding brain-immune interactions [9]. - The research opens avenues for interventions targeting this regulatory network, potentially offering new perspectives on the role of the meningeal lymphatic system in neurodegenerative diseases [9][14]. - It emphasizes the importance of a functional lymphatic network for brain health, indicating that targeting the external lymphatic pathways may enhance treatment efficacy for neurological disorders [14].