【环球时报驻秘鲁特约记者 余成 环球时报记者 李迅典 唐亚】编者的话：拉丁美洲正进入2025年至2026 年的关键选举周期，玻利维亚、智利、哥伦比亚、秘鲁和巴西等国将选举新总统，阿根廷今年10月也将 举行议会选举。这一系列选举将决定该地区的政治与经济走向。 西班牙《国家报》称，近年来，拉美经历了"新右翼"实力的增长，其特点与传统的左翼和右翼都有区 别。"新兴起的拉美右翼以一种复杂的方式融合了希望恢复秩序和反现状的形象，但它们只是适应了新 情况。"拉美国家的选情、政治情绪与文化变革之间存在怎样的关联？背后是否有美国的因素？"新右 翼"如何吸引并说服其追随者？随着"新右翼"在拉美逐渐兴起，该地区将面临哪些政治挑战？这些问题 都将伴随关键选举周期为人们所关注。 谁被划归为拉美 " 新右翼 " ？ 在近期举行的玻利维亚新一届总统选举中，两名右翼政党候选人将进入于10月举行的第二轮选举。彭博 社称，这一结果标志着在左翼执政20年后，玻利维亚"突然右转"。 英国《经济学人》周刊去年4月就刊文说，拉美"新右翼"的兴起始于2018年博索纳罗当选巴西总统，接 着2019年布克尔在萨尔瓦多当选总统，到2023年米莱和诺沃亚分别当 ...

Group 1 - The core argument of the articles revolves around the contrasting narratives of American history, particularly the coexistence of liberalism and illiberalism [3][4][16] - The book "The Trouble with Freedom" by Steven Hahn aims to challenge the mainstream narrative that views liberalism as the sole core tradition in American history, highlighting the persistent presence of illiberalism [4][16] - Hahn's work suggests that the current societal divisions in the U.S. are not new but rather a continuation of historical tensions between freedom and non-freedom [4][16] Group 2 - The historical context provided includes references to Alexis de Tocqueville's observations on American democracy and Abraham Lincoln's warnings about societal threats, illustrating the duality in American political thought [2][3] - The book discusses the evolution of the concept of freedom in America, from classical liberalism focused on individual rights to a broader understanding that includes social justice and identity issues [17][18] - The narrative also critiques the oversimplification of political ideologies in contemporary discourse, emphasizing the complexity of American political culture and the need for nuanced understanding [19][20]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the political conflict between California Governor Gavin Newsom and former President Donald Trump, highlighting Newsom's rise as a prominent figure in the Democratic Party and his strategic maneuvers in response to Trump's actions [3][5][12]. Group 1: Newsom's Background and Political Rise - Gavin Newsom's early life was marked by challenges, including his parents' divorce and financial struggles, but he leveraged his family's political connections to advance his career [6][8]. - Newsom became a millionaire through his business ventures, particularly in the wine industry, before entering politics [8][10]. - He gained recognition as a progressive leader by signing the first same-sex marriage licenses in the U.S. and has since maintained a strong progressive stance as California's governor [10][12]. Group 2: Political Strategies and Challenges - Newsom's political career is at a crossroads as he approaches the end of his second term, with potential presidential ambitions for 2028 [13]. - In response to recent challenges, including criticism over his handling of wildfires, Newsom has shifted his political stance towards a more centrist position to attract a broader voter base [13][15]. - The recent conflict with Trump over immigration enforcement in Los Angeles provided Newsom an opportunity to bolster his political image by positioning himself as a defender of state rights [16][18]. Group 3: The Conflict with Trump - The conflict began when Trump federalized California's National Guard without Newsom's consent, leading to accusations of overreach and constitutional violations [16][18]. - Newsom responded by filing a lawsuit against the federal government and publicly criticizing Trump's actions, framing them as a threat to democracy [18][20]. - He also mobilized support from other Democratic governors and utilized media appearances to enhance his image as a rational leader opposing Trump's authoritarian tendencies [20][22]. Group 4: Public Perception and Media Strategy - Newsom's handling of the situation allowed him to shift public perception from being seen as ineffective to a courageous leader standing against Trump [22][23]. - The article suggests that Newsom's team strategically downplayed violence during protests while emphasizing Trump's controversial actions, thus controlling the narrative in his favor [23].

Group 1 - The article discusses the impact of a progressive narrative on individuals, highlighting the hidden costs associated with it [1] - It emphasizes the importance of understanding the social structures and environments that shape individual destinies, rather than attributing failures solely to personal shortcomings [2][3] - The narrative reflects a growing recognition of the emotional crises faced by students within a performance-driven educational system, where success is narrowly defined [2][3] Group 2 - The conversation explores the need to redefine success and failure in light of the increasingly limited avenues for achievement, suggesting that personal value should not be solely anchored in traditional metrics [3][5] - The article highlights the challenges faced by young individuals in navigating their life choices, particularly in the context of societal expectations and personal aspirations [6][7] - It points out the significance of acknowledging failures and the emotional struggles associated with them, advocating for a more compassionate understanding of individual experiences [9][28] Group 3 - The discussion includes the role of educational institutions in perpetuating a singular narrative of success, which can lead to emotional distress among students [22][23] - It critiques the societal pressure on individuals to maintain a facade of stability and success, even in the face of personal challenges [24][25] - The article suggests that a more nuanced understanding of human experiences, including failures and emotional struggles, is essential for fostering a supportive educational environment [26][27] Group 4 - The narrative reflects on the cultural shift towards individualism, contrasting it with historical perspectives that valued collective experiences and the complexities of human emotions [12][28] - It emphasizes the need for educational frameworks that allow for emotional expression and the acceptance of diverse life paths, rather than rigid adherence to performance metrics [35][36] - The article concludes with a call for a broader understanding of success that encompasses various roles and contributions beyond traditional achievements [33][37]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trend of Western conservatives migrating to Russia, viewing it as a refuge from what they perceive as the moral decline in their home countries. This migration reflects a significant ideological shift and highlights the growing divide in societal values between the West and Russia [12][16][18]. Group 1: Migration Trends - Since early 2022, nearly 5,000 Westerners have obtained temporary residency in Russia, a significant increase compared to previous decades [12]. - The Russian government has introduced the "Common Values Visa," simplifying the immigration process for Western citizens, which does not require language or history exams [14]. - There is speculation that if immigration policies are further relaxed, up to one million Americans could consider moving to Russia [14]. Group 2: Motivations for Migration - Many migrants, particularly from the U.S., are conservative individuals disillusioned with the progressive agenda in their home country, seeking a place that aligns with their traditional values [16][18]. - The perception of Russia as a bastion of traditional Christian values is a driving factor for these migrants, who feel that their values are under threat in the West [17][18]. - The article notes that the majority of these migrants are aged between 40 and 60, often with families, who wish to raise their children in a more traditional environment [15]. Group 3: Societal Reactions - The influx of immigrants has raised concerns among Russians, with a survey indicating that the percentage of people viewing immigration as a worrying issue has increased from 19% to 25% [12]. - The article highlights a growing sentiment among Russians regarding the challenges posed by immigration, including economic and social implications [12][13]. Group 4: Historical Context - The article draws parallels between the current migration trends and historical instances of American migration to the Soviet Union during the Great Depression, where many sought a better life in a seemingly prosperous regime [20][21]. - It emphasizes that the current wave of migration is driven by a desire to escape perceived moral decay rather than economic hardship, contrasting with past migrations [21][22].