日本造船企业为对抗中韩企业而寻求合作的趋势加强（今治造船的今治工厂） 美国曾是世界第一造船大国，但二战后败于日本和欧洲的造船企业。据称目前美国的造船能力已降至中 国的200分之1。特朗普提出重振美国造船业，要求日本联合建造军民两用船，并投资美国西海岸的造船 厂…… 在日本对美顺差巨大、与美国谈判的筹码有限的情况下，造船业积累的技术作为日本政府的谈判筹码浮 出水面。原因是特朗普政府提出重振美国造船业。 美国曾作为世界第一的造船大国而繁荣，但二战后败于日本和欧洲的造船企业，美国的造船行业规模萎 缩。规定国内航运的船舶必须在美国建造的法律反而使其丧失了国际竞争力。据称目前美国的造船能力 已降至中国的200分之1。 韩国开始行动 产生危机感的美国要重振造船业，能依靠的是同盟国日本和韩国。美国要求日本联合建造军民两用船， 并投资美国西海岸的造船厂。 对美国的要求立即做出回应的是韩国。最大造船企业HD现代重工业（HD HYUNDAI HEAVY INDUSTRIES）4月宣布，将与美国最大的军工造船企业亨廷顿·英格尔斯工业公司（HII）在提高生产效 率和造船技术领域展开合作。 韩华海洋（Hanwha Ocean）于202 ...

Group 1 - The core point of the article highlights the ongoing US-Japan tariff negotiations, where the US is urging Japan to increase investments in the American manufacturing sector, particularly in shipbuilding [1] - Japan is considering establishing a US-Japan shipbuilding fund to revitalize the American shipbuilding industry, which is deemed crucial for national security [1] - Nomura believes that the current tariff negotiations could inject new vitality into Japan's shipbuilding initiatives, impacting various sectors including shipbuilding and cybersecurity [1] Group 2 - The US shipbuilding industry faces significant challenges, with an average annual delivery of only 18 vessels and a mere 0.1% share of the global market, in stark contrast to China's 70% market share expected by 2024 [3] - The decline in the US shipbuilding sector has severely hindered the expansion and maintenance of the US Navy, leading to increased costs for military vessels compared to China [3] - For instance, the cost of a new US medium landing ship is approximately $429 million, which is over 13 times that of similar Chinese vessels, while the average cost of a US frigate has soared to $1.6 billion, significantly higher than China's 054B frigate [3] Group 3 - The US civilian shipbuilding market is relatively small and lacks competitiveness, making it difficult to rely solely on military vessels to support the entire industry [4] - Despite efforts to revitalize the shipbuilding sector, high labor costs, a shortage of skilled workers, and outdated infrastructure have impeded progress, prompting the US to seek increased investments from Japanese and Korean companies [5] - The complexity of modern shipbuilding supply chains necessitates a comprehensive rebuilding of the entire industry, not just increasing shipyard capacity, which will significantly raise the demand for skilled labor [7] Group 4 - Over the past decade, Japanese shipbuilding companies have seen a significant decline in market competitiveness and share, dropping to about 6% by 2024, while South Korea's share has also decreased to around 17% [7] - Japan's shipbuilding costs are notably higher than those of China and South Korea, compounded by labor shortages and an aging workforce, which limits production capacity [7] - Even with the introduction of Japanese technology and capital, the shortage of skilled workers poses a challenge, making it unlikely to achieve significant reductions in manufacturing costs in the short to medium term [7]