Core Viewpoint - The bond issuance scale of securities firms remains high in 2022, with a total of 430.765 billion yuan issued, and the cost of bond issuance has significantly decreased due to more relaxed market liquidity [1][2]. Group 1: Bond Issuance and Financing Costs - The median coupon rate for newly issued bonds by securities firms in 2022 is 3%, down from 3.43% in the same period last year [1][2]. - The largest single issuance in 2022 was by Industrial Securities, with a bond size of 5.9 billion yuan and a coupon rate of 3.02% [2]. - The financing costs have decreased, as evidenced by the comparison of similar bonds; for instance, the "22 Dongxing G2" bond was issued at a rate of 2.9%, compared to 3% for a similar bond issued earlier [2]. Group 2: Market Dynamics and Strategic Adjustments - Securities firms are increasingly recognizing the importance of capital-intensive businesses, leading to a strong impulse for financing [4]. - East Securities plans to use the proceeds from its bond issuance to repay maturing debt, highlighting the need for effective risk management in a more market-oriented capital environment [4]. - The competition among securities firms is intensifying, with financing capability becoming a core competency as they seek to expand financing channels and reduce financial risks [6]. Group 3: Trends in Equity Financing - Since 2021, there has been a surge in equity financing among securities firms, with many announcing plans for private placements and rights issues, with the latter being the most frequent [4]. - For example, CITIC Securities launched a 28 billion yuan rights issue plan, indicating a trend towards large-scale financing [4][5]. Group 4: Debt Levels and Leverage - The total bond balance of listed securities firms reached 1.93 trillion yuan, with CITIC Securities leading at 158 billion yuan [5][6]. - The leverage ratios of leading firms are significantly higher than the industry average, with only three firms exceeding a leverage ratio of 5 in 2021 [6]. - The disparity in profitability and leverage between top and bottom firms is widening, indicating a strengthening of the "Matthew Effect" in the industry [6].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for Tianfeng Securities is "Neutral" (maintained) [1][7]. Core Views - The report highlights that the negative profit is mainly influenced by heavy capital business, while the quarterly ROE has improved sequentially [1][5]. - The total operating revenue for the year was 2.6 billion RMB, a year-on-year decrease of 21.9%, with a quarterly revenue of 1.3 billion RMB, showing a sequential increase of 7.3 billion RMB [5]. - The net profit attributable to shareholders was -30 million RMB, a year-on-year decrease of 109.7%, with a quarterly profit of 510 million RMB, reflecting a sequential increase of 7.2 million RMB and a year-on-year increase of 6.2 million RMB [5]. Financial Performance Summary - The company's financial leverage ratio at the end of the reporting period was 3.63 times, a decrease of 0.21 times year-on-year, remaining stable sequentially [5]. - The asset turnover rate was 3.1%, down 0.6 percentage points year-on-year, while the quarterly asset turnover rate was 1.6%, up 0.8 percentage points sequentially [5]. - The net profit margin for the reporting period was -1.1%, a decrease of 10.2 percentage points year-on-year, with a quarterly net profit margin of 37.9%, up 73% sequentially [5]. Business Segment Performance - The net income from heavy capital business was 620 million RMB, with a quarterly income of 740 million RMB, showing a sequential increase of 590 million RMB [5]. - The self-operated business revenue totaled 2.34 billion RMB, with a quarterly revenue of 1.12 billion RMB, reflecting a sequential increase of 530 million RMB [5]. - Brokerage business revenue was 820 million RMB for the quarter, showing a significant sequential increase of 98% and a year-on-year increase of 40.6% [5]. Regulatory Indicators - The risk coverage ratio was 122.7%, an increase of 6.5 percentage points from the previous period, with a risk capital reserve of 12.5 billion RMB [5]. - The net stable funding ratio was 103.8%, up 0.4 percentage points from the previous period [5]. - The capital leverage ratio was 16.6%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points from the previous period [5].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" rating for the company with a target price of HKD 17.21 [2][10]. Core Views - The company's performance is in line with expectations, showing significant growth in light capital business. The return on equity (ROE) for the reporting period is 4.9%, with a quarterly ROE of 2.5%, reflecting a quarter-on-quarter increase of 1.9 percentage points [2][10]. - The total revenue for the reporting period, excluding other business income, is HKD 21.3 billion, representing a year-on-year decrease of 7.2%. The net profit attributable to the parent company is HKD 5.7 billion, down 7.5% year-on-year [7][10]. Financial Performance Summary - The company's financial leverage ratio at the end of the reporting period is 4.74 times, a decrease of 0.06 times year-on-year [2][8]. - The asset turnover ratio is 3.9%, down 0.7 percentage points year-on-year, while the net profit margin stands at 26.8%, a slight decrease of 0.1 percentage points year-on-year [2][8]. - The self-operated business revenue is HKD 10.12 billion, with a quarterly revenue of HKD 2.66 billion, reflecting a quarter-on-quarter decrease of HKD 0.55 billion [3][10]. - Interest income from credit business is HKD 8.71 billion, with a quarterly income of HKD 2.26 billion, showing a quarter-on-quarter increase of HKD 0.23 billion [3][10]. - Brokerage business revenue has shown significant growth, reaching HKD 4.26 billion, with a quarterly revenue of HKD 1.7 billion, reflecting a quarter-on-quarter increase of 115.1% and a year-on-year increase of 67.6% [9][10]. Future Earnings Forecast - The expected earnings per share (EPS) for 2025, 2026, and 2027 are projected to be RMB 1.38, RMB 1.49, and RMB 1.61 respectively, with corresponding price-to-book ratios (PB) of 0.70, 0.66, and 0.63 [10][11].