Core Viewpoint - The performance of the Hong Kong stock market is influenced by the alignment of the economic cycles of the US and China, with the current situation indicating a "split" market response to the recent US interest rate cut [1][10]. Group 1: Interest Rate Cuts and Market Response - There are two types of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve: "preventive" and "recessionary," with historical data showing that Hong Kong stocks perform significantly better during preventive cuts [3][6]. - In the case of preventive cuts, such as in 2019, the Hong Kong stock market rose by 11%, with the Hang Seng Tech Index increasing by 20% due to cheaper financing for technology companies [6]. - Conversely, during recessionary cuts, like in 2008, the Hong Kong market plummeted by 40%, as investors favored stable sectors like utilities and consumer staples [8]. Group 2: Variables Affecting Hong Kong Stocks - The current economic cycle is misaligned between the US and China, with the US focusing on a "soft landing" while China is gradually recovering, introducing three unexpected variables that complicate the market outlook [10]. - The first variable is US political interference, particularly from figures like Trump, which could disrupt the Federal Reserve's interest rate strategy and create uncertainty in the market [10][11]. - The second variable is the impact of AI on technology stocks, which now must invest heavily in AI to remain competitive, potentially leading to a stronger performance in this sector if economic conditions are favorable [13]. - The third and most critical variable is the Chinese economic fundamentals, as many Hong Kong-listed companies rely on the mainland market for revenue; without improvement in China's economy, stock prices may struggle to rise despite US interest rate cuts [15]. Group 3: Future Market Scenarios - The Hong Kong stock market is expected to "split" in its performance based on various economic conditions: if the US continues to lower rates and China's economy shows moderate recovery, growth stocks in technology and healthcare may lead the market [17]. - If the US implements aggressive rate cuts and Chinese consumer data exceeds expectations, sectors like real estate and industrials could also benefit from lower financing costs [17]. - In a scenario where the US refrains from further cuts and China's economy shows no significant improvement, investors may need to focus on stable sectors like utilities and high-dividend stocks to mitigate risks [17]. Conclusion - The Hong Kong stock market is influenced by both US interest rate policies and Chinese economic fundamentals, with the potential for growth dependent on the strength of the underlying economic conditions in China [19].

鲁政委、谢炫、胡琪（鲁政委系兴业银行首席经济学家、中国首席经济学家论坛理事） 港股，美联储降息 美联储已于9月18日重启降息，但本轮周期所处的复杂宏观背景——包括美国经济滞胀风险、以及中美 经济周期的错位——意味着港股难以复制历史上的简单趋势性行情，而更可能呈现显著的结构性分化。 历史经验显示，美联储降息周期中港股的表现呈现出"大势有分化、风格有偏好、行业有差异"的鲜明特 征： 1）就大势而言：港股在降息周期中通常呈现"预防型降息上涨、衰退型降息下跌"的特征。 2）风格方面：除恒生科技指数外，其余风格（如市值风格下的大盘与小盘，以及红利风格）在历次降 息周期中均未走出独立行情。预防型降息周期中，恒生科技指数呈现出"高胜率、高收益"的特征。 3)行业层面：遵循"衰退防御、预防成长"的演绎逻辑,在衰退型降息中，市场风险偏好回落，具备防御属 性的板块如公用事业、必选消费等通常表现更佳, 而在预防型降息中，科技、医药等高成长行业占优。 尽管基于历史的"后视镜"分析能够总结出一定规律，但在实际降息发生时，市场对于其性质（预防型还 是衰退型）及周期长度仍存在不确定性。此外，本次降息虽与历史类似，同属"预防型降息"的后续降 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent Federal Reserve interest rate cut on September 18, 2024, is set against a complex macroeconomic backdrop, including risks of stagflation in the U.S. and misalignment in the economic cycles of China and the U.S., suggesting that the Hong Kong stock market may not replicate historical trends but instead exhibit significant structural differentiation [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context and Market Behavior - Historical experience indicates that during Fed rate cut cycles, the Hong Kong stock market typically shows a "preventive rate cut rally" or a "recessionary rate cut decline" pattern [1]. - In terms of market style, the Hang Seng Technology Index has demonstrated a "high win rate and high return" characteristic during preventive rate cut cycles, while other styles have not shown independent trends [1][2]. - Industry-wise, defensive sectors like utilities and consumer staples tend to perform better during recessionary rate cuts, while high-growth sectors such as technology and pharmaceuticals excel during preventive rate cuts [1][2][3]. Group 2: Current Economic Landscape - The current macroeconomic environment is more complex than historical experiences, with the U.S. economy facing stagflation risks and ongoing misalignment with China's economic cycle, making it difficult for the Hong Kong market to follow a straightforward trend [2][3]. - The upcoming October monetary policy meeting is crucial for assessing the future pace and intensity of rate cuts, influenced by various structural variables, including political pressures and the ongoing AI industry revolution [3][4]. Group 3: Future Outlook and Scenarios - The performance of the Hong Kong stock market in the next one to two quarters will depend not only on the Fed's rate cut path but also on the recovery process of the Chinese economy [2][52]. - Three potential scenarios are outlined: 1. **Baseline Scenario**: Gradual Fed rate cuts with a moderate recovery in the Chinese economy, favoring growth-sensitive sectors [52][53]. 2. **Optimistic Scenario**: More aggressive Fed cuts without triggering recession fears, leading to a favorable liquidity environment for growth stocks [55]. 3. **Pessimistic Scenario**: Fed pauses or slows rate cuts due to persistent inflation, putting pressure on the Hong Kong market, which will depend heavily on the recovery of the Chinese economy [56]. Group 4: Structural Opportunities - The analysis indicates that different types of rate cut cycles lead to distinct long-term performances in the Hong Kong market, with preventive rate cuts generally resulting in positive returns for the Hang Seng Index [9][10]. - The Hang Seng Technology Index has shown superior performance during preventive rate cuts, benefiting from lower discount rates and improved financing conditions [12][13]. - Defensive sectors tend to outperform during recessionary rate cuts, while growth sectors thrive in preventive cut environments, highlighting the importance of sector selection in investment strategies [13][14].