2025.12. 25 本文字数：1733，阅读时长大约3分钟 作者 | 第一财经 陈益刊 最新中国高等教育财政资金投入规模揭晓。 近日，中国人大网公开了《国务院关于财政高等教育资金分配和使用情况的报告》（下称《报 告》），其中披露了财政对高等教育投入最新数据。 比如，《报告》称，在财政资金支持下，我国已建成世界上规模最大的高等教育体系，进入世界公认 的普及化阶段，2024年高等教育毛入学率60.8%，比2020年提高6.4个百分点，拥有大学文化程度 人口超过2.4亿人。 当然，高等教育高质量发展仍面临一些问题和不足。 《报告》指出，高等教育资源配置的前瞻性研究不够深入；全社会协同育人的经费投入机制有待完 善；推进教育科技人才一体发展的支持体系亟需健全；新增教育经费对职业教育的支持力度有待加 大；财政高等教育资金管理效能还需提高。 近些年受经济下行、楼市低迷、减税降费等多重因素影响，财政收入增长放缓，而教育等民生支出保 持稳定增长，财政收支矛盾有所加大。显然，如何实现高等教育经费可持续投入是必须思考的一个问 题。 此次《报告》对下一步如何巩固完善高等教育 资金 多元投入格局，给出了五点举措。首先在坚持教 育领 ...

编者按教育兴则国家兴，教育强则国家强。高等教育作为教育科技人才的重要结合点，是国家核心竞争 力的重要支撑，国家和区域发展水平、发展潜力的重要标志，社会文明进步的基石和引擎。本版《智 观》选取部分学者研究成果，从思政教育转型、国际学生管理、双创成果转化等维度切入，为推动高等 教育高质量发展提供理论支撑与实践借鉴。 ...

编者按坚持以高质量发展统揽全局，教育高质量发展是题中应有之义。高等教育在教育强国建设中发挥 着龙头作用，应从强化党建工作、坚持党建引领、构建现代化高校治理体系以及打造新时代思政"金 课"等方面多措并举、提优增效，为培养德才兼备的高素质人才夯实基础。 ...

第三，统筹学科设置。学科是高等教育体系的重要基础，是立德树人和科技创新的重要载体。当 前，加快发展战略性新兴产业、培育未来产业已成为构建新发展格局、推动高质量发展的重要途径，科 技创新已成为影响产业变革的最大变量，这些都对学科专业设置提出了更高要求。要坚持需求驱动与分 类施策相结合、尊重规律与超常布局相结合、做优增量与盘活存量相结合、宏观调控与自主调节相结 合，健全人才供需对接机制，完善学科专业目录快速响应机制，超常布局急需学科专业，加大对基础学 科的支持力度，培育新兴学科和交叉学科，优化存量学科专业，更新学科专业内涵和人才培养模式，着 力加强创新能力培养。 高等教育发展水平是一个国家发展水平和发展潜力的重要标志。建设教育强国，龙头是高等教育。 高等教育承载着人才培养、科学研究、社会服务、文化传承创新、国际交流合作等重要功能，在国家发 展战略中具有重要地位和作用。2024年全国共有高等学校3119所，其中普通本科学校1257所（含独立学 院154所），本科层次职业学校51所，高职（专科）学校1562所，成人高等学校249所。我国高等教育总 体规模稳居世界第一，进入普及化发展阶段，2024年在学总规模4846. ...

0:00 10月28日发布的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》提出，推动高等教育提质扩容，扩大优质本科教育招生规 模。 建设教育强国，龙头是高等教育。"十四五"时期，中国高等教育进入世界公认的普及化阶段，毛入学率达60.8%，累计向社会输送5500万人 才。高校获得75%以上国家自然科学奖和技术发明奖、55%以上的科技进步奖。 "高等教育质量已成为决定国家人才供给和人力资源水平的关键因素。"中国教育科学研究院高等教育研究所所长张男星表示，"近年来，我国 通过实施优质高校本科生招生扩容计划，稳步扩大高水平大学招生规模，使更多学生有机会接受优质高等教育。《建议》提出的新部署、新要 求，进一步明确了高等教育改革和人才培养的战略方向，为高等教育的高质量发展提供了重要指引。" 新华社音视频部制作 责编：卢思宇、刘凌 "教育大国迈向教育强国的征途上，高等教育发展既要实现量的合理增长，更要注重质的有效提升。"教育部课程教材研究所副所长曾天山说。 曾天山认为，《建议》的明确部署，有助于推动优质教育资源向更广泛群体覆盖，促进教育公平与质量提升并举，也为拔尖创新人才的培养注 入了新动力。"在抓好《建议》 ...

Core Points - The article emphasizes the importance of studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session in the context of China's modernization journey [1][2] - It highlights the achievements during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and the opportunities and challenges faced in the upcoming 15th Five-Year Plan [1][2] Group 1 - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session is described as a crucial meeting that sets the foundation for achieving socialist modernization [1] - The need for higher education to support the development of a modern strong province is stressed, with a focus on improving ideological and political education [2] - The article encourages students to aspire to contribute to national rejuvenation and to apply the learning outcomes from the plenary session in their academic and research endeavors [2] Group 2 - The article mentions the importance of aligning with the requirements set forth in the plenary session and the significant speech by General Secretary Xi Jinping during his visit to Shandong [1][2] - It discusses the goal of achieving a "double first-class" breakthrough in higher education to better serve the high-quality development of Shandong's economy and society [2] - The article concludes with a call for continuous efforts to instill Xi Jinping's thoughts into education and to promote the development of advantageous and characteristic disciplines [2]

Core Insights - The provincial finance department emphasizes higher education as a key support area for building a strong educational nation, implementing "Four Major Enhancement Actions" to increase investment, optimize spending, and strengthen performance management [1][2] Group 1: Financial Investment and Support - The provincial finance department has cumulatively spent 47 billion on higher education over the past three years, adding 14 new doctoral and master's degree-granting institutions and 358 new degree authorization points in urgent or vacant fields [1] - An annual budget of 200 million is allocated to support basic research in universities, with an additional 300 million dedicated to the construction of major scientific innovation platforms [1] Group 2: Talent Development and Recruitment - An annual budget of 400 million is allocated to support the recruitment of leading scientific talents and innovation teams in universities, with 60 million designated for exploring new school-enterprise cooperation models [2] - The finance department has initiated three reforms in collaboration with technology and education departments, receiving national recognition and promotion [2] Group 3: Performance Management and Efficiency - The finance department implements a performance-based funding application process, utilizing a color-coded monitoring mechanism for comprehensive oversight of educational funds [2] - Performance evaluation results are linked to the allocation of special funds to enhance the effectiveness of fund usage [2]

Core Insights - The recent round of inspections conducted by the provincial committee focused on 44 provincial universities and 5 affiliated hospitals, aiming to enhance political supervision and address deep-rooted issues affecting the quality of higher education in the province [1][2]. Group 1: Inspection Findings - The inspections revealed several prominent issues within the university party committees, including insufficient political construction, inadequate implementation of the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education, and a lack of effective integration of education, technology, and talent reforms [2]. - There were identified gaps in maintaining safety and stability within the universities, as well as shortcomings in the strict governance of the party, particularly regarding the implementation of the central eight regulations and the presence of integrity risks in key areas [2][3]. Group 2: Rectification Requirements - The inspected university party committees are required to enhance their political awareness regarding rectification, aligning their efforts with the educational goals set forth by the provincial government and the central leadership [3]. - It is emphasized that the party committees must take full responsibility for rectification, with the party secretary personally overseeing the process and ensuring that all members actively engage in addressing identified issues [3][4]. - A detailed and practical rectification plan must be developed, focusing on concentrated efforts over six months and maintaining ongoing rectification to ensure that problems are thoroughly resolved [3]. Group 3: Oversight and Accountability - The provincial disciplinary inspection and organization departments are tasked with strengthening oversight of the rectification process, holding accountable those who fail to implement responsibilities or engage in superficial rectification efforts [4]. - The provincial education department and other relevant agencies are encouraged to utilize the inspection results to deepen concentrated remediation efforts and enhance the effectiveness of rectification [4].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of higher education in supporting the political and strategic goals of the nation, highlighting the need for strict supervision and integrity within educational institutions [2][4][5] - Higher education is identified as a crucial political project, tasked with cultivating talent that supports the Communist Party and the socialist system, ensuring alignment with the Party's educational policies [4][6] - The article stresses the necessity for higher education to respond to public demands for equitable and high-quality education, advocating for reforms to enhance educational resources [4][8] Group 2 - The role of higher education as a strategic engine for development is underscored, with a focus on its contribution to national technological independence and innovation [5][10] - Political supervision is highlighted as a primary responsibility of disciplinary inspection institutions in higher education, ensuring adherence to the Party's directives and educational policies [6][7] - The need for a robust mechanism to prevent corruption and ensure accountability in areas affecting students and faculty, such as admissions and funding, is emphasized [8][9] Group 3 - The article discusses the importance of aligning disciplinary inspection work with national strategic needs, ensuring that educational institutions contribute effectively to national goals [10][11] - It calls for the establishment of a comprehensive system for power operation and risk prevention within educational governance, enhancing oversight in critical areas like research funding and academic integrity [11][12] - The necessity for continuous improvement in the capabilities and effectiveness of disciplinary inspection teams is stressed, advocating for higher standards and rigorous training [12][13]

Core Viewpoint - Northwest A&F University is enhancing its undergraduate enrollment and educational offerings to meet the growing demand for high-quality talent in agriculture and related fields, aligning with national educational strategies and the "Double First-Class" initiative [3][4][10] Enrollment and Educational Strategy - The university plans to increase its undergraduate enrollment by 200 students in 2025 to respond to the urgent need for quality talent in society [4] - Currently, the university has 2,610 full-time faculty members and nearly 37,600 full-time students, offering a wide range of academic programs across various disciplines [4] New Academic Programs - In 2025, five new interdisciplinary undergraduate programs will be introduced: Bioinformatics, Digital Economy, Land Science and Technology, Ecological Restoration, and Intelligent Construction [5] - These programs aim to cultivate high-quality, interdisciplinary professionals equipped to meet the demands of modern industries and technological advancements [5] Talent Development Initiatives - The university is implementing a three-dimensional talent cultivation framework that includes the "Strong Foundation Program," "Excellence Classes," and "Micro Majors" to foster innovative talents [6][7] - The "Strong Foundation Program" will expand its enrollment and geographical reach, while "Excellence Classes" will focus on specialized training in various agricultural and environmental fields [7] International Collaboration - The university has established partnerships with 110 renowned universities and research institutions across 34 countries, promoting a multi-faceted international exchange model [8] - Collaborative programs with institutions like the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Arizona State University will offer students dual degrees and enhance their global competitiveness [8] Flexible Learning Opportunities - The university allows students to enroll in programs by major categories, providing opportunities for students to switch majors without restrictions and pursue dual degrees [9] - A mentorship system and college system are being explored to support personalized student development [9]