Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve's "third mission" of pursuing moderate long-term interest rates has gained attention, especially after new board member Stephen Milan's dissenting vote against a 25 basis point rate cut, advocating instead for a 50 basis point cut, indicating potential political influence from the White House [1][2][3]. Group 1: Federal Reserve's Rate Decisions - On September 17, the Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point cut in the federal funds rate target range to 4.00% to 4.25%, marking the first rate cut of 2025 and following three cuts in 2024 [1]. - Milan's dissenting vote highlights a significant internal division within the Federal Reserve, with 11 votes in favor of the rate cut and 1 against, suggesting a strong consensus despite political pressures [2][4]. - The dot plot revealed a notable divergence in opinions among the 19 voting members regarding future rate cuts, indicating a lack of consensus on the pace of monetary easing [5]. Group 2: Economic Forecasts and Implications - The Federal Reserve slightly raised its GDP growth forecast for 2025 from 1.4% to 1.6%, while maintaining its predictions for unemployment and inflation for 2024 [5]. - For 2026, the Fed's outlook suggests higher growth, lower unemployment, and higher inflation, with the terminal rate projected to decrease to 3.4% from 3.6% [5]. - The current economic data indicates a shift in the Fed's focus towards stabilizing the labor market, with a cautious approach to future rate cuts [7][8]. Group 3: Market Reactions and Investment Opportunities - The anticipated continuation of rate cuts may lead to a revaluation of global assets, benefiting physical assets and precious metals, such as energy, metals, real estate, and gold [6]. - A weaker dollar could accelerate capital flows into emerging markets, particularly those benefiting from manufacturing shifts and resource exports [6]. - The Fed's cautious stance on rate cuts reflects a balancing act between achieving its dual mandate of maximum employment and price stability while navigating political pressures [8][9].

南方财经 21世纪经济报道记者吴斌、周蕊 上海、纽约报道 投资者往往对美联储稳定物价和最大化就业的"双重使命"了然于胸，但或许很少有人洞悉美联储的"隐 秘第三使命"。 当美联储新理事斯蒂芬·米兰在国会听证会上援引了美联储章程中"追求温和的长期利率"这一条款时， 市场炸开了锅，担心特朗普政府利用美联储自身法规，为干预长期债券市场提供"合法性"。 当地时间9月17日，美联储主席鲍威尔在利率决议后的新闻发布会上定调了美联储"第三使命"。虽然第 三使命是真实存在的，但它是法律规定的两个更广为人知的使命的衍生品。"我们认为，适度的长期利 率是实现低且稳定的通胀和就业最大化的结果。" 在米兰投下利率决议唯一反对票之际，鲍威尔的定调也让市场暂时松了口气。但对于美联储而言，白宫 干预独立性的挑战才刚刚开始，利率决议已经笼罩了一层政治阴霾，明年美联储主席预计也将被换成白 宫"自己人"，美联储的决策将更具挑战性，"十字路口"何处去？ 唯一的反对票 据央视新闻报道，当地时间9月17日，美国联邦储备委员会结束为期两天的货币政策会议，宣布将联邦 基金利率目标区间下调25个基点到4.00%至4.25%之间。这是美联储2025年第一次降息 ...