转自：沈阳晚报 □刘诺 "回望人类向海图强的千年征程，国家命运恰似茫茫大海，前路遥遥且波澜起伏。"作家刘国强在报告文 学《大船》中这样写道。在辽宁工业从历史积淀迈向全面振兴的壮阔征程中，造船业无疑是标注时代精 神的鲜明坐标。 《大船》以大船集团126年风雨兼程的崛起之路为叙事主轴，既全景式铺展中国造船工业从"跟跑"到"并 跑"再到"领跑"的恢宏轨迹，又精微刻画辽宁工业儿女产业报国的赤子情怀，不仅为辽宁工业发展的时 代画卷添上浓墨重彩的一笔，更是讲好中国造船故事的生动范本，立时代之传、写民族之魂。 （来源：沈阳晚报） 精神为核 夯实文史交融的厚重底蕴 《大船》的厚重质感，源于作家对文史精神、专业精神与敬业精神的深度践行，更得益于作品对海量史 料的消化与重构。在这部作品中，我们既能窥见历史的纵深，又能感受现实的温度。 为呈现这份专业与厚重，作家不仅历经沉浸式深度调研，走遍船台车间、访谈英模工匠，更广泛参阅 《海上巨龙》《中国古代造船史》等数十部史料典籍与纪实作品，尽显由生手变专家的专业积淀。从船 舶制造的技术细节到行业竞争的复杂格局，从企业转型的艰难抉择到"大船人"的内心世界，无不刻画得 入木三分。这种化生为熟、 ...

特朗普上台后，总是强调要让美国的制造业，尤其是造船业，重新恢复辉煌。他认为，通过加征关税可以迫使企业将生产线搬回美国，重新激活美国的造船 业。然而，这种想法实际上是过于理想化的，因为美国的造船业早已与二战时期大不相同。1941年珍珠港事件后，美国船厂如同开挂般运作，工人三班倒， 航母一艘接一艘下水，整个战争期间，美国造了上百艘军舰。1944年，仅仅造船行业就创造了140万个就业岗位，资本不断涌入，军需订单源源不断。 而中国的海军发展却走在前列，山东舰早在2019年就已服役，福建舰于2022年下水，预计2025年正式服役。电磁弹射技术也稳步推进，中国海军进入三航母 时代。过去十几年里，中国每年都在建造大量现代化的军舰，大型驱逐舰、两栖舰等各类舰艇不断下水。中国的海军现代化进程飞速推进，远远领先于美 国。与此同时，中国的民用造船业也极为强大，海运市场份额已超过40%，全球航运量巨大。特朗普通过加关税想要重振美国造船业，但实际情况却是中国 船厂忙得不可开交，而美国的船厂依然订单稀少。 特朗普的计划听起来雄心勃勃，但实际操作却面临劳动力短缺、设备老旧等诸多问题。美中两国的造船业对比中，中国船厂的70%订单是军民两用船 ...

Core Insights - The global investment in artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to significantly benefit South Korea's semiconductor and display equipment exports in the coming year [2] Semiconductor Industry - The semiconductor sector is projected to see a 9.1% year-on-year increase in export value, reaching approximately 265 trillion Korean Won, driven by companies like Microsoft and Amazon accelerating AI infrastructure development [2] Display Equipment - The display equipment sector is anticipated to grow by 3.9% due to rising demand for high-efficiency OLED panels [2] Battery Industry - The battery industry is expected to experience a 2.9% increase in exports, influenced by the rising electricity demand from AI data centers and the expansion of electric vehicle deployments [2] Other Industries - The biopharmaceutical industry is expected to grow through CDMO capacity expansion and technology licensing [2] - The automotive sector is projected to see slight growth in production and exports due to the launch of new electric vehicle factories [2] - The shipbuilding industry is forecasted to grow by 8.6% in exports, supported by orders for LNG carriers and container ships [2] Challenges - The steel and machinery industries are expected to decline due to rising protectionism, while the construction sector will continue to face pressure from high interest rates and tightened financing [2] Strategic Recommendations - The industry believes that South Korea needs to focus on AI-driven innovation and implement more groundbreaking regulatory reforms and incentive policies to enhance competitiveness against China's manufacturing capabilities [2]

美国造船业的低效率和衰退问题早已成为不争的事实，甚至特朗普也曾试图通过征收关税，促使韩国协 助振兴美国的造船业。然而，近期美国国会披露的最新信息显示，美国的造船业情况远比外界想象的更 糟糕。例如，阿利伯克级驱逐舰在美国船厂的维修时间竟然长达9年，几乎占其整个使用寿命的27%， 这一情况极大地影响了这些战舰的作战能力。根据《星条旗报》的报道，国会预算办公室在一份报告中 提到，阿利伯克级驱逐舰的设计寿命通常在30至40年之间，而目前进入船厂维修的时间已达到9年，远 超2012年维修计划中预估的5年，且这一维修时间已是原预估时间的两倍多，占据舰艇全寿命的12%。 报告还指出，在某些情况下，美国海军的作战舰艇只有三分之一处于可用状态。如果维修时间超出了预 期，海军可用的舰艇数量将进一步减少，进而影响到整个舰队的规模。同时，国会预算办公室还揭示， 到了2024年，每艘驱逐舰的平均维护费用约为2800万美元，这一费用比2009年增加了三倍。主要原因是 驱逐舰的大修工期延长和劳动力成本的上涨。 目前，大修时间通常会超出预期，延长幅度在20%至100%之间，尤其是那些老旧舰艇。老化的舰体、 突发的额外维修工作、检查延迟和合约 ...

Core Viewpoint - Trump announced the approval of a plan to build two of the largest battleships in U.S. history, with a total of 20 to 25 new warships planned, featuring advanced weaponry [1][2] Group 1: Shipbuilding Plans - The new warships will have a displacement of 30,000 to 40,000 tons and will be equipped with hypersonic weapons, railguns, cruise missiles, and laser weapons, aiming to become the flagship of the U.S. Navy [1] - The announcement is part of Trump's "Golden Fleet" initiative, which aims to restore U.S. maritime dominance [2] Group 2: Labor Shortages and Innovation - There are concerns regarding the labor shortage in the U.S. shipbuilding industry, which currently employs fewer than 150,000 workers, with an aging workforce and a projected increase in labor gaps over the next decade [4] - Trump suggested that shipyards would rely on robots to address labor shortages, marking a significant shift in shipbuilding methods [4]

Group 1 - The core announcement is that Trump has approved a plan to build two of the largest battleships in U.S. history, with plans for a total of 20 to 25 new ships, each weighing between 30,000 to 40,000 tons and equipped with advanced weaponry [1][2] - The new battleships are part of Trump's "Golden Fleet" initiative, aimed at restoring U.S. naval dominance, and the announcement coincides with a commitment made in a presidential order signed in April [1][4] - The construction of these battleships raises questions about the current state of the U.S. shipbuilding industry, which is facing significant labor shortages, with a workforce of less than 150,000 and an aging labor pool [4][5] Group 2 - Trump suggested that the labor shortage in shipbuilding could be addressed through the use of robots, indicating a potential shift in shipbuilding methods [4][5] - The U.S. Navy plans to build 10 new ships while retiring 19, indicating a net decrease in the fleet size, which complicates the feasibility of constructing large new battleships [4] - The average age of skilled workers in the shipbuilding industry is 55, with a significant loss of younger workers, creating a looming labor gap that could impact the ambitious shipbuilding plans [4][5]

Group 1 - The South Korean shipbuilding industry is thriving, with Hanwha Ocean securing orders for seven liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers totaling $1.75 billion, with each priced at $250 million, expected to be delivered by 2029 [1] - HD Hyundai has also reached an agreement with Nippon Yusen for four plus four vessels, with a unit price of $260 million, potentially bringing the total contract value to $2.08 billion [1] - All these vessels will be leased to Cheniere Energy in the United States, and this year, global orders for LNG carriers over 140,000 cubic meters have reached 21, all won by three South Korean shipbuilders, with no orders from China [1] Group 2 - Hanwha Ocean received $9.83 billion in orders this year, nearly tripling from last year, with 60% being LNG carriers, supported by long-term charters with clients [3] - The high-pressure engines used by South Korean shipbuilders are particularly favored by European shipowners for their environmental performance [3] - The shipyards in South Korea are fully booked until 2029, while the global planned delivery of new ships is only 17, indicating a significant supply-demand imbalance as LNG terminal production capacity is set to reach 52 million tons next year [3] Group 3 - The competition in the shipbuilding industry is not just about manufacturing but also about how energy flows and capital regulations, with U.S. LNG production increasing by 80 million tons annually [4] - Korean shipyards are preferred by charterers for their reliability and timely deliveries, supported by the Korean government promoting carbon compliance technologies [4] - Chinese shipyards face challenges in meeting international standards for new propulsion system certifications and gaining entry into the networks of major charterers and energy companies [4] Group 4 - By 2029, there are only about 70 LNG ship orders globally, while actual demand exceeds 150 ships, highlighting the urgency for China to secure 5 to 8 orders by 2025 to avoid missing out on this development cycle [4] - Chinese shipyards have the capability but lack a breakthrough point, with low pricing being a potential strategy, though it is insufficient without reliability in delivery [4] - The rapid development of South Korea is attributed to their advanced technology and strategic partnerships across the entire supply chain, while China is still fragmented and lacks established trust with clients [5] Group 5 - The global LNG market is changing, and competition in the shipbuilding industry is intensifying, with time running out for China to take action [5] - If no significant steps are taken by 2025, China may lose its eligibility to participate in bidding for future projects [5] - Success in this industry requires a combination of technology, client acquisition, and competitive pricing, all of which South Korea has successfully integrated [5]

Group 1 - Hanwha Ocean's stock surged over 11% following the announcement that it will build new frigates for the U.S. Navy at its Philadelphia shipyard, which it is set to acquire in 2024 as part of a $150 billion shipbuilding commitment [1][3] - The shipbuilding commitment is part of a broader U.S.-South Korea trade agreement, which includes a reduction of tariffs on South Korean exports to the U.S. to 15% in exchange for a $350 billion investment commitment from Seoul [3] - South Korean defense stocks have performed strongly this year, with Hanwha Aerospace and Hyundai Heavy Industries seeing year-to-date increases of over 170% and 270%, respectively, while Hanwha Ocean has risen over 220% [3] Group 2 - The U.S. Navy announced the FF(X) class vessels, which are small combat ships intended to complement larger multi-mission warships and enhance global operational flexibility [3] - The new frigates will be part of President Trump's envisioned "Golden Fleet," with plans to construct two new "Trump-class" battleships, potentially expanding the fleet to as many as 25 ships [3] - Trump described the "Trump-class" battleships as "one of the most lethal surface combat vessels," claiming they will be the fastest, largest, and more powerful than any previous battleship by 100 times, equipped with hypersonic weapons, laser weapons, cruise missiles, and nuclear weapons [3]

Group 1 - The U.S. Navy will construct a new class of warships named "Trump-class," which is part of the White House's initiative to modernize the naval surface fleet and revive domestic shipbuilding [2][6] - The new warship, named "Unyielding," was showcased at an event in Florida, featuring an artistic rendering of the ship in action, including a laser being fired from its deck [2][6] - The event included imagery of Trump, emphasizing his commitment to military modernization and shipbuilding [2][6] Group 2 - Trump emphasized the urgent need for new ships, stating that many existing vessels are outdated, and the Navy must move in the opposite direction [3][7] - The U.S. Navy announced on December 19 that it is building a new type of frigate based on the "Legend" class patrol vessel to expand its surface combat fleet, which is currently only one-third of the required size [3][7] - This new vessel, designated FF(X), will be constructed by HII in Newport News, Virginia, and is part of Trump's "Golden Fleet" initiative aimed at revitalizing the U.S. shipbuilding industry and addressing the shortage of small vessels exposed by recent military operations [3][7]

美国总统特朗普：机器人将助力造船业发展。 ...