人民日报海外版记者 孔德晨 经济大省因具有产业体系完备、市场规模大、辐射能力强等综合优势，在全国经济大盘中一直扮演 着重要角色。2025年临近收官，经济大省继续发挥"顶梁柱"作用，在"稳"的基础上迸发出"进"的动能。 近日，多地陆续出台"十五五"规划建议，经济大省未来怎么干的"路线图"愈加明晰。 挑大梁 "走在前" 中国经济版图中，广东、江苏、山东、浙江、四川、河南、湖北、福建、上海、湖南等10省份，以 占全国近两成的面积，贡献了全国超六成的GDP，成为稳住全国经济基本盘的"压舱石"和高质量发 展"火车头"。 今年前三季度，GDP总量居前十的经济大省表现突出，9个省份增速全部高于或比肩全国平均水 平，展现出强劲的发展动能。总量方面，经济大省也迎来新突破。如江苏GDP首次在前三季度突破10万 亿大关；上海、湖南首次突破4万亿。至此，经济十强省前三季度GDP全部跨入"四万亿俱乐部"，经济 大省的入门门槛再次拉高。 看具体领域，工业方面，前三季度8个经济大省规上工业增加值增速跑赢全国；消费方面，7个省份 社会消费品零售总额增速超过全国；外贸方面，经济十强省贡献了全国超七成的进出口总额。如河南、 湖北的进出口总值同比 ...

Core Viewpoint - The central enterprises in China have significantly improved their quality of development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with substantial increases in total assets, profits, and operational efficiency, while also focusing on strategic emerging industries and innovation [1][3][5]. Group 1: Financial Performance - Total assets of central enterprises increased from 68.8 trillion yuan to 91 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 7.3% [3]. - Total profits rose from 1.9 trillion yuan to 2.6 trillion yuan, with the operating profit margin increasing from 6.2% to 6.7% [3]. - Labor productivity improved from 594,000 yuan per employee to 817,000 yuan per employee [3]. Group 2: Investment in Emerging Industries - Investment in strategic emerging industries by central enterprises has an average annual growth rate exceeding 20% [5]. - By 2024, investment in strategic emerging industries is expected to account for over 40% of total investment, with revenue from these sectors approaching 30% [5]. Group 3: Innovation and R&D - Central enterprises have maintained R&D expenditures exceeding 1 trillion yuan annually for three consecutive years, with an average annual growth rate of 6.5% [9]. - The number of R&D personnel in central enterprises reached 1.44 million, accounting for one-fifth of the national total [9]. - Central enterprises have established 474 national-level R&D platforms and led 22 major national technology projects during the "14th Five-Year Plan" [10]. Group 4: Corporate Reforms and Governance - The restructuring of 10 enterprises into 6 groups and the establishment of 9 new central enterprises have optimized the layout and structure of state-owned enterprises [11]. - The implementation of modern corporate governance and market-oriented management mechanisms has been enhanced, with over 60% of management compensation linked to performance [11]. Group 5: Contribution to National Economy - Central enterprises have contributed over 10 trillion yuan in taxes and transferred 1.2 trillion yuan of state-owned equity to social security funds during the "14th Five-Year Plan" [8]. - They are responsible for approximately 80% of crude oil, 70% of natural gas, and 60% of electricity supply in China [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant progress made by central enterprises in China during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing high-quality development, increased asset and profit growth, and enhanced innovation capabilities. Group 1: Financial Performance - The total assets of central enterprises have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, growing from less than 70 trillion yuan, with total profits increasing from 1.9 trillion yuan to 2.6 trillion yuan, achieving annual growth rates of 7.3% and 8.3% respectively [2] - The operating income profit margin has improved from 6.2% to 6.7%, and labor productivity per person per year has risen from 594,000 yuan to 817,000 yuan [2] Group 2: R&D and Innovation - Central enterprises have maintained R&D expenditures exceeding 1 trillion yuan for three consecutive years, with the input intensity rising from 2.6% to 2.8% [3] - They have established 97 original technology sources and formed 23 innovation alliances, enhancing collaborative efforts in key technological breakthroughs [3] Group 3: Industrial Transformation - High-end, intelligent, and green characteristics are becoming prominent features of central enterprises, with significant investments in strategic emerging industries growing at an annual rate exceeding 20% [4] - The number of application scenarios has surpassed 800, and 1,854 smart factories have been established, with energy consumption and carbon emissions per unit of output decreasing by 12.8% and 13.9% respectively [4] Group 4: Tax Contributions and Market Impact - Central enterprises have contributed over 10 trillion yuan in taxes during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and transferred 1.2 trillion yuan of state-owned equity to social security funds [5] - The market capitalization of centrally controlled listed companies has exceeded 22 trillion yuan, with cumulative cash dividends reaching 2.5 trillion yuan, marking a nearly 50% increase since the "13th Five-Year Plan" [6] Group 5: Capital Efficiency and Reforms - The efficiency of state capital allocation and operation has improved significantly, with strategic restructuring of 10 enterprises and the establishment of 9 new central enterprises [7] - By 2025, personalized indicators for assessing central enterprises will account for over 67% of the evaluation criteria, enhancing the precision and scientific nature of policy support [8] Group 6: Investment in Emerging Industries - Central enterprises have invested 8.6 trillion yuan in strategic emerging industries, significantly increasing investments compared to the "13th Five-Year Plan" [10] - Notable advancements have been made in fields such as integrated circuits, biotechnology, and new energy vehicles, with breakthroughs in humanoid robots and superconducting quantum computing [10] Group 7: Innovation Funds - The total scale of innovation funds established by central enterprises has approached 100 billion yuan, reflecting a strong commitment to fostering innovation [11]