《中国经营报》记者从财政部获悉，在科技创新领域，今年中央本级科技经费支出安排3981.19亿元， 较上年增长10%，资金重点向基础研究、应用基础研究和国家战略科技任务倾斜，为航空发动机、细胞 与基因治疗等"卡脖子"技术攻关提供坚实保障。 以国产大飞机为例，作为国家工业制造的"皇冠明珠"，其崛起不仅是中国高端制造业突破的标志性成 果，更是全球航空产业格局重塑的关键变量。 中证鹏元研究发展部研究员翁欣表示，依托C919大型客机项目，我国已构建以中国商飞为核心、中国 航空工业集团为骨干、辐射全国并面向全球的商用飞机产业体系，形成"立足上海、延伸长三角、辐射 全国、面向全球"的产业布局，供应链与国际标准接轨，产业规模持续扩大。 新质生产力是推动高质量发展的核心动能，其培育壮大离不开财政和税收政策的有力支撑。今年以来， 财税部门通过政策创新、机制优化等举措，构建起全方位、多层次的支持体系，为新质生产力发展注入 强劲动能。 来自国家税务总局的数据显示，今年前8个月，支持科技创新的主要政策减税降费及退税达13336亿元， 其中研发费用加计扣除等政策贡献减税降费及退税8937亿元，有效降低企业创新投入成本。在先进制造 业，增 ...

近日，未可知人工智能研究院 副院长张孜铭 先生受邀为 中国商飞上海飞机设计研究院 开展了一场题为 《人工智能时代下的数智变革：生成式AI与低 空经济》 的专题培训。 （图| 中国商飞上飞院人工智能专题 培训现场 ） 中国商飞上海飞机设计研究院是中国商用飞机有限责任公司的设计研发中心，也是我国最大的民机研发中心，担负着中国民用飞机项目研制的技术抓总 责任，承担着飞机设计研发、试验验证、适航取证以及关键技术攻关等任务。目前，进行C909喷气式支线客机、C919大型客机以及C929中远程宽体客 机的设计研发任务。 邮箱duyu@weikezhi.cn 长按扫描下方二维码 张孜铭先生作为《DeepSeek使用指南》《AIGC:智能创作时代》等多部专著作者，以及国家人工智能标准起草人，凭借其在AI领域的深厚积淀，为参 训学员带来了前沿的技术洞察与实践指南。 培训中，张孜铭系统阐述了 生成式AI的核心原理与产业应用 。通过对比生成式AI与决策式AI的区别，他生动比喻"生成式AI如同应对考试主观题，注 重内容创造；决策式AI则像处理客观题，聚焦最优决策"。 他深入解析了注意力机制、文生图技术（如CLIP与Diffusion ...

Core Insights - The 8th China International Import Expo (CIIE) serves as a significant platform for economic diplomacy following the 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session, emphasizing China's commitment to opening its market and providing global business opportunities [1][2] Group 1: Major Activities and Highlights - Premier Li Qiang highlighted the CIIE as a vital bridge connecting the Chinese economy with the world, advocating for equal and mutually beneficial international trade practices [2] - The "Export China" initiative was launched, signaling China's role as both a massive consumer market and a cooperative partner through institutional innovation [2] - The expo featured thematic activities focused on "Export China," "Invest in China," and "Buy in China," enhancing trade, investment, and consumption synergy [2] Group 2: National Exhibition and Cooperation - A total of 67 countries and regions participated in the national exhibition, covering an area of 30,000 square meters and hosting over a hundred events [3] - The exhibition showcased diverse products, including Colombian chocolate, Nigerian peanuts, and Swedish smart bearings, facilitating practical cooperation agreements between countries [3] - The China Pavilion displayed 570 exhibits, the highest ever, highlighting significant advancements in China's economic and social development [3] Group 3: Enterprise Exhibition and Innovation - The enterprise exhibition spanned over 367,000 square meters with 4,108 participating companies, setting records for both area and number of exhibitors [4] - A total of 461 new products, technologies, and services were launched, including 201 global debuts, showcasing China's market as a testing ground for global innovation [4] - Emerging consumer trends such as the "silver economy" and "pet economy" were prominent, with innovative products gaining popularity [5] Group 4: Forum and Global Initiatives - The Hongqiao Forum featured over 10,000 participants, including 400 influential figures, discussing global economic governance and trade security [6] - The forum released 20 reports and initiatives, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a multilateral trade system and expanding cooperation in digital and green sectors [6] Group 5: Business Engagement and Outcomes - The CIIE facilitated 43 trade delegations and over 700 sub-delegations, with more than 460,000 registered attendees, marking a 7% increase [7] - Significant procurement meetings led to over 1,300 rounds of discussions in various sectors, resulting in nearly 600 cooperation intentions [7][8] Group 6: Service Enhancements and Visitor Experience - The expo introduced measures to optimize service, including reduced setup times and improved navigation systems, enhancing overall participant satisfaction [9] - A record 922,000 attendees visited the expo, reflecting an 8.2% increase, with plans for a follow-up event to further promote quality products [10][11]

Core Insights - The Chinese aviation industry has made significant progress but still faces complex operational environments and intense international competition, necessitating improvements in industrial policy, corporate innovation, and talent cultivation to enhance high-quality development levels [1][3]. Group 1: Industry Development - The Chinese aviation industry is entering a fast track with continuous enhancement in independent innovation capabilities and a more complete industrial system, leading to a steady increase in international competitiveness [2]. - As of the first three quarters of this year, passenger transport volume reached 580 million, and cargo transport volume reached 7.395 million tons, representing year-on-year growth of 5.2% and 14% respectively [2]. - The domestically developed C919 large passenger aircraft has safely transported over 2 million passengers since its commercial operation, indicating a significant advancement in civil aviation [2]. - The general aviation and low-altitude economy sectors are also rapidly developing, with the number of registered general airports reaching 475, an increase of 26 from the previous year [2]. Group 2: Challenges and Areas for Improvement - Despite advancements, the aviation industry still faces challenges such as "bottleneck" issues in core technology autonomy, insufficient innovation capabilities in key areas, and a lack of tight coordination between upstream and downstream enterprises [3]. - There is an imbalance in talent supply, with a shortage of composite talents and skilled craftsmen, indicating a need for better alignment between talent structure and industry demands [3]. Group 3: Policy Recommendations - It is essential to improve industrial policies and regulations, strengthen resource integration, and establish a comprehensive legal framework for new aviation business models such as urban air mobility and green aviation [4]. - Establishing special funds to incentivize innovation in core technology research and development is crucial, particularly in overcoming "bottleneck" technologies in new materials and high-end equipment [4]. - Encouraging collaboration between government, enterprises, and educational institutions to create technology innovation centers can optimize resource allocation and stimulate innovation [4]. Group 4: Innovation and Talent Development - Enhancing the independent innovation capabilities of aviation enterprises is vital, focusing on a research and development system driven by national strategy and market demand [5]. - A collaborative ecosystem involving upstream and downstream enterprises, research institutions, and financial entities should be established to foster innovation and improve global competitiveness [5]. - Developing a talent cultivation mechanism that aligns with industry needs and enhancing practical training programs will ensure a steady supply of qualified professionals for the aviation sector [5].

Group 1 - The construction of China's comprehensive transportation system has made breakthrough progress during the 14th Five-Year Plan, with the national comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network framework largely completed, connecting over 80% of county-level administrative regions and serving about 90% of the national economy and population [2] Group 2 - The railway operating mileage has reached 162,000 kilometers, an increase of approximately 16,000 kilometers compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, with high-speed rail increasing by 10,000 kilometers [4] - The "Eight Vertical and Eight Horizontal" high-speed rail network has been completed and put into operation, covering 81.5% of the 19 major urban agglomerations, with a total high-speed rail operating mileage of 48,000 kilometers, accounting for 97% of the world's total high-speed rail mileage [5] Group 3 - The total length of highways has reached 5.49 million kilometers, an increase of approximately 290,000 kilometers, with expressways increasing by 30,000 kilometers [6] - The national expressway mainline has been basically completed, with expressway mileage reaching 191,000 kilometers, covering 99% of cities with populations over 20,000 [7] Group 4 - The number of certified civil aviation transport airports has reached 263, an increase of 22 [9] - Aviation services cover 92.6% of prefecture-level administrative units and 91.2% of the population [10][11] Group 5 - The urban rail transit operating mileage is approximately 11,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world, an increase of 48.5% compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [14] - The total length of urban bus operating lines has reached 1.75 million kilometers, an increase of 18.3% [15] Group 6 - 80% of newly built passenger hubs have an average transfer distance of no more than 200 meters [17] - Over 80 hub cities and more than 2,000 lines have achieved air-rail intermodal transport, with the rail access rate of hub airports reaching 81% [19] Group 7 - The postal industry has established over 500,000 business outlets [21] - There is a deep integration with the national comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network and national logistics hubs, actively constructing a modern logistics operation system of "hub + channel + network," with domestic express service timeliness, quality, and cost-effectiveness at a world-leading level [22]

Core Insights - The construction of China's national comprehensive transportation network has achieved over 90% completion during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, enhancing connectivity across the country and supporting economic vitality [1][4]. Group 1: Infrastructure Development - The "big channels" strategy has accelerated the construction of key transportation corridors, connecting over 80% of county-level administrative regions and serving approximately 90% of the national economy and population [1]. - The national highway mainline covers 99% of cities with populations over 20,000, while high-speed rail accounts for over 70% of the world's total high-speed rail mileage [1]. - The national comprehensive transportation hub system is continuously improving, with key urban hubs reducing cargo transfer times to 1-2 times and achieving over 85% efficiency in multimodal transport [1]. Group 2: Economic Impact - Transportation is driving economic and social development, with an average of 180 million cross-regional trips, 160 million tons of goods transported, and 478 million express deliveries made daily [2]. - The western region's transportation gaps are being filled, while the overall efficiency of the northeastern transportation network is improving [2]. Group 3: Technological Advancements - The introduction of advanced technologies is evident with the launch of the CR450 train, the operation of the first domestically produced large cruise ship, and the regular commercial operation of the C919 large passenger aircraft [2]. - Innovations in autonomous driving, smart shipping, and intelligent logistics are flourishing [2]. Group 4: International Cooperation - China's transportation international cooperation is expanding, with significant projects like the construction of the Shanghai International Shipping Center and the operation of the China-Laos Railway [3]. Group 5: Achievements and Milestones - Six out of 17 major indicators in the transportation sector outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" have been completed ahead of schedule, with all remaining indicators expected to be met by the end of 2025 [4]. - Notable engineering feats include the completion of the Tianshan Victory Tunnel and the Guizhou Huajiang Gorge Bridge, which set records for height [5].

Core Insights - The construction of a comprehensive transportation system in China has made significant progress, with the main framework of the national comprehensive transportation network exceeding 90% completion, enhancing transportation capacity, service quality, and operational efficiency [1][3][4] Group 1: Infrastructure Development - The "6 axes, 7 corridors, and 8 channels" framework has been largely completed, connecting over 80% of county-level administrative regions and serving approximately 90% of the country's economic and population totals [3] - By the end of 2024, the railway operating mileage is expected to reach 162,000 kilometers, an increase of about 16,000 kilometers from the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, with high-speed rail increasing by 10,000 kilometers [3] - The total length of highways is projected to reach 5.49 million kilometers, with an increase of approximately 290,000 kilometers, including an increase of 30,000 kilometers in expressways [3][4] Group 2: Technological Advancements - The application of intelligent technologies is accelerating, with the introduction of advanced construction methods such as "double-layer paving + 3D intelligent paving" to enhance road construction efficiency and quality [5][7] - The use of automation in logistics, including drones and autonomous vehicles, is being promoted to improve efficiency in warehousing, transportation, and delivery [5][7] - The introduction of robots for tasks such as tile laying in subway construction demonstrates the ongoing innovation in construction technology, achieving high precision and quality [7] Group 3: Service Improvement - The transportation sector is focusing on enhancing service quality to meet public expectations, with initiatives aimed at providing more travel options and convenience [8][9] - The integration of smart travel solutions, such as online ticketing and electronic payments, is being widely adopted, facilitating seamless travel experiences [9] - The average daily passenger volume for high-speed trains is projected to reach 3.272 billion by 2024, accounting for 75.9% of total railway passenger volume [9]

Core Insights - The construction of China's national comprehensive transportation network has exceeded 90% completion during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, enhancing connectivity across the country and promoting economic vitality [1] Group 1: Major Infrastructure Developments - The "Great Corridor" strategy is accelerating the construction of key transportation routes, connecting over 80% of county-level administrative regions and serving approximately 90% of the national economy and population [2] - The national highway mainline covers 99% of cities with populations over 20,000, while high-speed rail accounts for over 70% of the world's total high-speed rail mileage [2] - The national comprehensive transportation hub system is continuously improving, with key hub cities reducing cargo transfer times to 1-2 times and achieving over 85% efficiency in multimodal transport transfers within one hour [2] Group 2: Transportation Efficiency and Services - On average, approximately 180 million people travel across regions daily, with 160 million tons of goods transported and 478 million express deliveries collected each day [5] - The introduction of advanced technologies such as the CR450 train set, the first domestically produced large cruise ship, and the C919 large passenger aircraft marks significant advancements in transportation equipment [5] Group 3: Strategic Achievements and Future Outlook - Six out of 17 major indicators in the transportation sector outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" have been completed ahead of schedule, with all remaining indicators expected to be met by the end of 2025 [6] - Major projects like the Tianshan Victory Tunnel and the Guizhou Huajiang Gorge Bridge showcase the remarkable achievements in overcoming engineering challenges [6]

Core Insights - The construction of China's national comprehensive transportation network has exceeded 90% completion during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, enhancing connectivity across the country and supporting economic vitality [1] Group 1: Infrastructure Development - The strategic backbone of the national transportation network connects over 80% of county-level administrative regions, serving approximately 90% of the country's economic and population totals [1] - The national highway mainline covers 99% of cities with populations over 20,000, while high-speed rail accounts for over 70% of the world's total high-speed rail mileage [1] - The national comprehensive transportation hub system is continuously improving, with key city hubs reducing cargo transfer times to 1-2 times and achieving over 85% efficiency in multimodal transport within one hour [1] Group 2: Economic Impact - Transportation is driving economic and social development, with an average of 180 million cross-regional trips, 160 million tons of goods transported, and 478 million express deliveries made daily [2] - The efficiency of transportation services is being enhanced, particularly in the western and northeastern regions, while the eastern region's transportation capacity is also increasing [2] Group 3: Technological Advancements - The introduction of advanced technologies such as the CR450 train set, the operation of the first domestically produced large cruise ship, and the regular commercial operation of the C919 large passenger aircraft are notable advancements [2] - Innovations in automated driving, smart shipping, and intelligent logistics are flourishing, contributing to the modernization of the transportation sector [2] Group 4: International Cooperation - China's transportation international cooperation is expanding, with significant projects like the Shanghai International Shipping Center and the China-Laos Railway being completed and operational [3] Group 5: Strategic Achievements - Six out of 17 major indicators in the transportation sector outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" have been completed ahead of schedule, with all remaining indicators expected to be met by the end of 2025 [4] Group 6: Construction Challenges - Major engineering feats such as the Tianshan Victory Tunnel and the Guizhou Huajiang Gorge Bridge highlight the remarkable achievements in overcoming geographical challenges [5]

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period has marked significant achievements in China's economic development, emphasizing high-quality growth and modernization, which is crucial for both domestic progress and global economic stability [1][2]. Economic Achievements - Economic scale has reached new heights, with GDP surpassing 130 trillion yuan and projected to reach 140 trillion yuan by 2025, solidifying China's position as the world's second-largest economy [3]. - The average annual GDP growth rate during the first four years of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is approximately 5.5%, with a projected average of 5.4% for the entire period [3]. - The quality of development has improved, with R&D expenditure intensity increasing from 2.40% in 2020 to 2.69% in 2024, and China's global innovation index ranking rising from 14th to 10th [4]. - Structural adjustments have been made, with the service sector's share of GDP increasing from 55.5% in 2020 to 56.7% in 2024, and the contribution of domestic demand to economic growth averaging 86.8% from 2021 to 2024 [5]. Global Economic Impact - China's contribution to global economic growth has remained around 30%, making it a stable driving force for the world economy [6]. - The total value of goods imports and exports reached 43.8 trillion yuan in 2024, maintaining China's position as the world's largest trading nation for eight consecutive years [6]. Development Strategies - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has adhered to five development principles: innovation, coordination, green development, openness, and sharing, which have been translated into practical actions across various regions and sectors [7][8]. - Significant advancements in innovation have been noted, with R&D funding exceeding 3.6 trillion yuan in 2024, a 48% increase from 2020 [14]. - The modernization of the industrial system has accelerated, with China's manufacturing sector accounting for nearly 30% of global output [15]. - Progress in green development is evident, with renewable energy capacity increasing significantly and pollution control measures yielding positive results [10][16]. Future Outlook - The "15th Five-Year Plan" period will face new challenges and opportunities, with a focus on high-quality development and modernization as key priorities [25][27]. - The global economic landscape is expected to shift due to technological advancements and geopolitical tensions, necessitating a strategic focus on maintaining competitive advantages [25][26].