Core Points - The National Park Law of the People's Republic of China was passed and will take effect on January 1, 2026, marking a new phase in the legal and systematic construction of natural protected areas centered around national parks [2] - The law aims to maintain the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, establish a new pattern of land and space protection, and enhance the ecological civilization system to safeguard national ecological security [2] Management System - The National Park Law addresses the long-standing issue of fragmented governance by establishing a unified and efficient management system for national parks, involving various government levels and departments [13] - The law provides legal guarantees to resolve multi-headed management and overlapping responsibilities, but emphasizes that implementation will be the real test [13] Balancing Responsibilities - National park management agencies are responsible for protection, while local governments focus on economic and social development, leading to potential conflicts between short-term economic gains and long-term ecological protection [15] - A scientific ecological compensation and benefit-sharing mechanism is proposed to align the interests of both parties, ensuring that local residents benefit from conservation efforts [15] Coordination Mechanism - The law requires the establishment of a coordination mechanism for national parks that span multiple administrative regions, necessitating a permanent office for effective management and oversight [17] - This mechanism aims to unify standards and policies across regions to ensure systematic protection [17] Integrated Law Enforcement - The law grants management agencies comprehensive law enforcement responsibilities to address issues of overlapping or absent enforcement [19] - Effective integration of various enforcement powers and training for personnel is essential for successful implementation [19] Long-term Stability and Efficiency - A sustainable funding mechanism is crucial for the management of national parks, combining central government funding with local contributions and social capital [21] - The use of technology and smart management systems is emphasized to enhance monitoring and decision-making processes [21] Public Participation - The law promotes public participation in national park protection, ensuring that local communities benefit economically from conservation efforts [22] - Mechanisms are established to facilitate community involvement in park management and decision-making [22] Case Study: Wuyi Mountain National Park - Wuyi Mountain National Park has implemented eco-friendly practices in tea farming, promoting biodiversity and improving local livelihoods [28] - The park has created job opportunities for local residents in conservation and tourism, demonstrating a successful model of integrating ecological protection with community development [28] Ecological Compensation - The law mandates the establishment of an ecological compensation mechanism to balance environmental protection with economic development [33] - Specific compensation measures have been implemented in Wuyi Mountain National Park to support local farmers while ensuring ecological integrity [33] Future Outlook - The National Park Law is expected to strengthen ecological security and improve the well-being of local communities, contributing to a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [34]

9月12日，十四届全国人大常委会第十七次会议审议通过《中华人民共和国国家公园法》（下称国 家公园法），自2026年1月1日起施行。这是我国首次从国家层面针对国家公园专门立法，将为国家公园 的规划设立、保护管理、参与共享及保障监督等提供法律依据。 "明晰责任、理顺分工是实现国家公园科学有效管理的前提。"四川大学法学院教授杨翠柏指出，国 家公园法明确了协调机制，组织协调跨省域国家公园建设重大事项。"这对跨省域的大熊猫国家公园而 言尤为关键。" 具体来看，法律对国家公园内的空间管控规则进行统一，实行全国一致的分区管控以及禁止、许可 活动清单。盈科律师事务所律师苟勇认为，分区管控清单化使执法有可操作性和可量化性，这对解决大 熊猫栖息地破碎化、基础设施建设等问题有重要意义。 从法律层面确立全民共享机制 国家公园法专门设立"参与和共享"章节，明确要求国家公园管理机构应当与国家公园所在地地方人 民政府加强协作配合，与国家公园区域内原有居民、农村集体经济组织以及国家公园周边居民、企业等 加强沟通协商，指导、支持其积极参与国家公园的保护，提供与国家公园保护目标相一致的生态产品和 服务。 近年来，大熊猫国家公园在启动广元青溪、雅 ...

Core Viewpoint - The successful completion of natural resource registration for the Sanjiangyuan National Park marks the full registration of the first five national parks in China, which is crucial for clarifying ownership and responsibilities in ecological protection [1][2]. Group 1: Importance of Natural Resource Registration - The registration clarifies ownership of natural resources, addressing long-standing issues in ecological protection due to unclear property rights [2]. - It establishes clear boundaries between different ownership types and government authority levels, providing a basis for effective management of national parks [2][3]. - The registration process involves a comprehensive database that supports resource management and accountability [2][3]. Group 2: Progress in National Park Construction - Since the establishment of the first national park in 2021, significant measures have been taken, including the withdrawal of mining rights and restoration of habitats, leading to an increase in the population of endangered species like the giant panda [4]. - The national parks encompass diverse ecosystems and endangered species, with ongoing efforts to enhance wildlife protection and habitat connectivity [4][5][6]. - The total area of national parks and protected areas is projected to reach 320,000 square kilometers by July 2025, covering various natural resources [3]. Group 3: Public Benefit and Community Involvement - The national park system emphasizes public welfare, allowing citizens to directly and indirectly benefit from ecological conservation efforts [7]. - Infrastructure development and volunteer programs are being implemented to enhance community engagement and promote environmental stewardship [7]. - The national parks serve as critical ecological systems, contributing to climate stability and providing essential ecological services [7]. Group 4: Future Directions - The natural protection system is entering a new phase of integrated development, with plans for further optimization and establishment of new national parks [8]. - The focus will be on systematic governance and biodiversity protection initiatives to ensure sustainable management of natural resources [8].