"该法为国家公园保护提供了刚性约束，为全面推进美丽中国建设、加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代 化提供了有力支撑。"天津大学法学院院长、中国法学会环境资源法学研究会学术委员会主任孙佑海认 为，国家公园法体现最严格保护，主要包括科学布局、规范设立，严格保护、加强管理，多方参与、全 民共享，完善体制、强化保障等方面。 其中，国家公园法规定国家科学规划国家公园总体发展布局，严格国家公园设立条件，合理确定数量和 规模；严格设立程序，要求开展基础调查，广泛听取意见，做好前期工作，经国务院批准后设立；要求 做好自然保护地整合优化，设立国家公园后，对相关其他类型的自然保护地予以整合或者撤销。 国家公园作为全民共有的自然遗产，承载着当代及子孙后代的共同福祉。日前，十四届全国人大常委会 第十七次会议表决通过《中华人民共和国国家公园法》，自2026年1月1日起施行。国家公园法进一步充 实和完善我国生态系统保护制度体系，以最严标准守护最美国土。 国家公园法共7章63条，包括总则、布局和设立、保护和管理、参与和共享、保障和监督、法律责任、 附则。 国家公园法明确，在设立国家公园前应当提出原有居民、企业生产生活影响评估和解决方案，明确国家 ...

其中，国家公园法规定国家科学规划国家公园总体发展布局，严格国家公园设立条件，合理确定数量和 规模；严格设立程序，要求开展基础调查，广泛听取意见，做好前期工作，经国务院批准后设立；要求 做好自然保护地整合优化，设立国家公园后，对相关其他类型的自然保护地予以整合或者撤销。 作为我国自然保护地体系的主体，国家公园被纳入全国生态保护红线区域管控范围。对此，国家公园法 明确，国家坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护，实行整体保护、系统修复、综合治理；坚持规划先行，要 求编制国家公园总体规划，明确保护和管理的具体事项；强化分区管控，核心保护区原则上禁止人为活 动，一般控制区严格限制人为活动；加强生物多样性保护，维护生态系统安全，提高生态系统质量。 如何统筹处理好生态保护与当地居民发展权利问题，对外经济贸易大学文化和旅游研究基地首席专家吴 承忠指出，依照国家公园法有关要求，在推进国家公园建设和生态保护过程中，应该严格遵循"生态保 护第一、以人民为中心、政府主导、多方参与、社会共享"的原则。 国家公园作为全民共有的自然遗产，承载着当代及子孙后代的共同福祉。日前，十四届全国人大常委会 第十七次会议表决通过《中华人民共和国国家公园法》， ...

编者按：2025年9月12日，《中华人民共和国国家公园法》经全国人大常委会表决通过，将于2026年1月1日正式施行。作为我国国家公园领域的首部综 合性法律，国家公园法的出台标志着以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系建设步入法治化、规范化的全新发展阶段，对于保持自然生态系统的原真性和完整 性，构建国土空间保护新格局，完善生态文明制度体系，维护国家生态安全具有重要意义。为深入学习贯彻国家公园法，本版特邀相关专家从管理体制、空 间规划、生境修复、民生改善、监测监管、协调推进多角度进行分析解读。 海南热带面休国家公园 保护中: 充 性、保护 性,制定 管制规! 应在国 民所有 行使国: 眼责的! 链条国' 为实施| 间准人| 准人+月 分区+信 段兆刚 国家公园作为自然保护地体系的核 心,实行最严格保护,必须坚持"一盘棋" 思想,在国务院统一领导下,强化部门协 作与地方积极性发挥,建立统一、规范、 高效的管理体制。同时,基于各国家公 园资源禀赋差异,国家公园法鼓励地方 通过协同立法制定符合自身特点的法 规,以实现法治基础上的差异化、精细化 治理,体现中国国家治理体系在国家公 园领域的具体实践与创新。 加强央地协调 国家公 ...

国家公园是我国自然生态系统最重要、自然景观最独特、自然遗产最精华、生物多样性最富集，最具国 家代表性的自然生态空间，是代表国家形象和生态价值的"最美国土"。9月12日，十四届全国人大常委 会第十七次会议表决通过《国家公园法》，将于2026年1月1日起施行。 这是我国首部关于国家公园的专门立法，标志着以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系建设进入了法治 化、规范化新阶段，对推进美丽中国建设、实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化具有重大而深远的意义。 国家公园怎么建、怎么管？ "根据国家公园法，国家建立统一规范高效的国家公园管理体制，明确了国务院国家公园主管部门、国 家公园管理机构及地方政府职责，强化跨区域协同，明确了各方面的职责和权利，有助于形成合力加强 保护和管理。"秦天宝说，这一规定具有很强的现实针对性，以法律形式有效解决了多头管理、权责不 清、管理效能低下等问题。 如何更好保护国家公园？ 分类分区 加强管控 科学布局 规范设立 2015年，我国正式启动国家公园体制试点工作。2021年，我国正式设立三江源、大熊猫、东北虎豹、海 南热带雨林、武夷山等第一批5个国家公园，保护面积达23万平方公里，涵盖近30%的陆域国家重点保 ...

Core Points - The National Park Law, passed on September 12, marks the first specialized legislation on national parks in China, set to take effect on January 1, 2026, indicating a new phase of legal and standardized development in the natural protection system [3] - The law aims to establish a comprehensive national park system by 2035, emphasizing scientific planning and strict criteria for the establishment of national parks [5][6] - The law introduces a unified and efficient management system for national parks, clarifying the roles and responsibilities of various governmental bodies to enhance protection and management efforts [6] Group 1: Establishment and Management - The National Park Law defines national parks as areas approved by the State Council, primarily aimed at protecting representative natural ecosystems [4] - The law mandates a scientific layout for national parks, requiring thorough preliminary investigations and public consultations before establishment [5] - It emphasizes ecological protection as the top priority, distinguishing national parks from regular parks by implementing the strictest protection measures [5] Group 2: Resource Management and Protection - The law establishes a unified natural resource registration system for national parks, ensuring clear ownership and boundaries of natural resources [8] - It introduces a zoning control system within national parks, categorizing areas into core protection zones and general control zones, with specific management measures for each [9] - The law highlights the importance of ecological restoration, shifting from a single protection approach to a comprehensive restoration strategy [9] Group 3: Community Involvement and Economic Development - The law encourages public participation in national park management, promoting local employment and community engagement in conservation efforts [11] - It aims to balance ecological protection with economic development, allowing for sustainable resource utilization while improving local livelihoods [10] - The funding for national parks will primarily come from public finances, with provisions for private sector involvement through donations and support [12]

Core Points - The National Park Law of the People's Republic of China was passed and will take effect on January 1, 2026, marking a new phase in the legal and systematic construction of natural protected areas centered around national parks [2] - The law aims to maintain the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, establish a new pattern of land and space protection, and enhance the ecological civilization system to safeguard national ecological security [2] Management System - The National Park Law addresses the long-standing issue of fragmented governance by establishing a unified and efficient management system for national parks, involving various government levels and departments [13] - The law provides legal guarantees to resolve multi-headed management and overlapping responsibilities, but emphasizes that implementation will be the real test [13] Balancing Responsibilities - National park management agencies are responsible for protection, while local governments focus on economic and social development, leading to potential conflicts between short-term economic gains and long-term ecological protection [15] - A scientific ecological compensation and benefit-sharing mechanism is proposed to align the interests of both parties, ensuring that local residents benefit from conservation efforts [15] Coordination Mechanism - The law requires the establishment of a coordination mechanism for national parks that span multiple administrative regions, necessitating a permanent office for effective management and oversight [17] - This mechanism aims to unify standards and policies across regions to ensure systematic protection [17] Integrated Law Enforcement - The law grants management agencies comprehensive law enforcement responsibilities to address issues of overlapping or absent enforcement [19] - Effective integration of various enforcement powers and training for personnel is essential for successful implementation [19] Long-term Stability and Efficiency - A sustainable funding mechanism is crucial for the management of national parks, combining central government funding with local contributions and social capital [21] - The use of technology and smart management systems is emphasized to enhance monitoring and decision-making processes [21] Public Participation - The law promotes public participation in national park protection, ensuring that local communities benefit economically from conservation efforts [22] - Mechanisms are established to facilitate community involvement in park management and decision-making [22] Case Study: Wuyi Mountain National Park - Wuyi Mountain National Park has implemented eco-friendly practices in tea farming, promoting biodiversity and improving local livelihoods [28] - The park has created job opportunities for local residents in conservation and tourism, demonstrating a successful model of integrating ecological protection with community development [28] Ecological Compensation - The law mandates the establishment of an ecological compensation mechanism to balance environmental protection with economic development [33] - Specific compensation measures have been implemented in Wuyi Mountain National Park to support local farmers while ensuring ecological integrity [33] Future Outlook - The National Park Law is expected to strengthen ecological security and improve the well-being of local communities, contributing to a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [34]

9月12日，十四届全国人大常委会第十七次会议审议通过《中华人民共和国国家公园法》（下称国 家公园法），自2026年1月1日起施行。这是我国首次从国家层面针对国家公园专门立法，将为国家公园 的规划设立、保护管理、参与共享及保障监督等提供法律依据。 "明晰责任、理顺分工是实现国家公园科学有效管理的前提。"四川大学法学院教授杨翠柏指出，国 家公园法明确了协调机制，组织协调跨省域国家公园建设重大事项。"这对跨省域的大熊猫国家公园而 言尤为关键。" 具体来看，法律对国家公园内的空间管控规则进行统一，实行全国一致的分区管控以及禁止、许可 活动清单。盈科律师事务所律师苟勇认为，分区管控清单化使执法有可操作性和可量化性，这对解决大 熊猫栖息地破碎化、基础设施建设等问题有重要意义。 从法律层面确立全民共享机制 国家公园法专门设立"参与和共享"章节，明确要求国家公园管理机构应当与国家公园所在地地方人 民政府加强协作配合，与国家公园区域内原有居民、农村集体经济组织以及国家公园周边居民、企业等 加强沟通协商，指导、支持其积极参与国家公园的保护，提供与国家公园保护目标相一致的生态产品和 服务。 近年来，大熊猫国家公园在启动广元青溪、雅 ...

Core Viewpoint - The National Park Law, China's first specialized legislation on national parks, will take effect on January 1, 2026, and is expected to significantly contribute to the construction of a beautiful China and the realization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [2][4]. Group 1: Importance and Role of the National Park Law - The National Park Law aims to promote the overall spatial layout of national parks based on key ecological factors, biodiversity, and unique natural landscapes [4][7]. - It establishes a framework for land spatial planning, defining management requirements and boundaries for national parks based on biodiversity richness and human activity interference [7][9]. Group 2: Protection and Restoration Mechanisms - The law emphasizes systematic protection and restoration, focusing on integrated conservation of various natural elements such as mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands [9][13]. - It highlights the need for differentiated protection strategies based on the characteristics of ecological systems and species, allowing for varying levels of human interaction depending on the area's ecological sensitivity [11][13]. Group 3: Community Involvement and Economic Benefits - The National Park Law includes provisions for ecological compensation systems to improve the living standards of local residents, allowing them to benefit from park-related activities [18][20]. - It prioritizes local residents as ecological guardians, enabling them to earn income through ecological tourism and the sale of local agricultural products [20].

Core Points - The National Park Law was passed by the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee on September 12, 2023, and will take effect on January 1, 2026 [1] - The law emphasizes the importance of ecological protection and integrates the management of various natural resources [3][5] - Public participation in national park protection is encouraged, with specific measures to involve local residents and promote environmental education [6] Group 1 - The law establishes a unified, standardized, and efficient management system for national parks, focusing on centralized management of natural resources [5] - It promotes a holistic approach to ecological protection, emphasizing the integration of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts [3] - The law aims to transform the public from passive observers to active participants in national park conservation [6] Group 2 - The law includes provisions for strengthening the monitoring network of national parks to ensure effective ecological protection [3] - Local residents will be prioritized for ecological management positions, fostering community involvement in conservation efforts [6] - The establishment of free open days for the public in national parks is encouraged to enhance awareness and engagement [6]

十四届全国人大常委会第十七次会议9月12日表决通过国家公园法，将于2026年1月1日起施行。 国家公园守护着我国自然生态系统中最重要、自然景观最独特、自然遗产最精华、生物多样性最富集的部分。 这部国家公园法有哪些亮点？能提供哪些有力支撑？一起来了解一下。 "生态保护第一"是国家公园理念之一。契合国家公园这一特性，法律明确坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护，按照自然生态系统特性和内在规律，对国家公园 实行整体保护、系统修复、综合治理。 "加强国家公园监测网络体系建设"等一系列安排，努力实现尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然。 法律通过可操作的具体安排，推动公众从"旁观者"转变为"参与者"，使公众参与的渠道制度化、常态化。 法律规定"国家建立统一规范高效的国家公园管理体制"。 "统一"的核心在于实现对自然资源的集中统一管理；"规范"的重点是要求国务院国家公园主管部门和有关部门按照职责建立健全国家公园标准体系；"高 效"体现在建立健全相应机制，加强工作协同，实现信息共享。 法律明确鼓励和支持公众参与国家公园保护，开展多种形式的自然和生态环境保护教育；生态管护岗位应当优先聘用当地居民；鼓励面向公众设立国家公园 免费开放日…… 编 ...