Core Points - The "National Park Law of the People's Republic of China" is the first specialized legislation regarding national parks, marking a new phase of legal and standardized construction of natural protected areas, which is significant for promoting the construction of a beautiful China and achieving modernization in harmony between humans and nature [1] - The law will take effect on January 1, 2026, and aims to protect the authenticity and integrity of important natural ecosystems [1][2] - The first five national parks have integrated over 120 natural protected areas, effectively addressing issues of fragmented and isolated protection spaces [2] Group 1: Ecological Protection - The primary task of national park management is to protect the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, with a focus on natural recovery and appropriate artificial restoration when necessary [1][2] - The law emphasizes integrated protection of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, implementing overall protection, systematic restoration, and comprehensive governance [1][2] - The quality of ecosystems in the first batch of national parks has steadily improved, with natural resource assets showing a stable and growing trend [2] Group 2: Legal Framework and Planning - The National Park Law provides a solid legal basis for scientific management of land space, ensuring that national parks are established under strict conditions and standards [3][4] - The law aims to optimize the spatial protection pattern of land by scientifically selecting and laying out candidate areas for national parks based on ecological needs [4] - National parks must adhere to the principle of "protection first" in their overall planning, detailing protection goals, measures, and management strategies [4][5] Group 3: Community Involvement and Benefits - The law promotes a mechanism for government-led, multi-party participation, ensuring that ecological protection, green development, and improvement of people's livelihoods are unified [6][7] - Local residents are prioritized as beneficiaries of national park construction, with arrangements for ecological product and service provision aligned with conservation goals [7] - Approximately 50,000 farmers and herders have transitioned to ecological caretakers in the first five national parks, earning an average income of 10,000 to 20,000 yuan per year [7][8]

Core Viewpoint - The "National Park Law of the People's Republic of China" is the first specialized legislation regarding national parks in China, marking a new phase of legal and standardized construction of the natural protected area system, which is significant for promoting the construction of a beautiful China and achieving modernization in harmony between humans and nature [1]. Group 1: Key Highlights of the National Park Law - The law emphasizes the preservation of the authenticity and integrity of important natural ecosystems, with the primary task of national park management being the protection of these ecosystems [2]. - The first batch of five national parks has effectively addressed issues of fragmented and isolated protected spaces by integrating over 120 natural protected areas [2]. - The law mandates an integrated protection approach for mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, focusing on overall protection, systematic restoration, and comprehensive governance [2]. Group 2: Ecological Restoration and Management - The law allows for necessary artificial restoration activities in areas with low ecological function, such as bare mineral areas and artificial forests, provided that scientific and reasonable restoration plans are developed [3]. - The restoration period for ecosystems varies significantly based on local environmental conditions, with some areas achieving good results in a few years, while forest recovery may take decades or even centuries [3]. - The first batch of national parks has shown steady improvement in ecosystem quality, with natural resource assets remaining stable or increasing [3]. Group 3: Legal Framework for Land Management - The National Park Law provides a solid legal basis for scientific land management, requiring strict adherence to established conditions for the establishment of national parks [4]. - The law aims to optimize the spatial layout of land protection by scientifically selecting and arranging candidate areas for national parks based on ecological needs [5]. - National parks must be integrated into broader land use planning, ensuring coordination with surrounding areas to minimize conflicts and pressures on conservation goals [5]. Group 4: Community Involvement and Benefits - The law promotes a mechanism for government-led, multi-party participation, ensuring that ecological protection, green development, and improvement of livelihoods are unified [7]. - It emphasizes the importance of local residents benefiting from national park construction, with provisions for ecological product and service provision aligned with conservation goals [8]. - Approximately 50,000 farmers and herders have transitioned to ecological caretakers in the first batch of national parks, earning an average annual income of 10,000 to 20,000 yuan [8]. Group 5: Public Engagement and Education - National parks are categorized into core protection areas and general control areas, with the latter allowing for educational and recreational activities [8]. - The law encourages public participation in volunteer activities related to national parks, enhancing public awareness and shared benefits from national park construction [8][9].

Core Viewpoint - The National Park Law, passed by the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee, aims to enhance ecological protection and promote harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, effective from January 1, 2026 [1][2]. Group 1: Legal Framework - The National Park Law consists of 7 chapters and 63 articles, covering general principles, layout and establishment, protection and management, participation and sharing, guarantees and supervision, legal responsibilities, and supplementary provisions [1]. - The law provides rigid constraints for national park protection, emphasizing scientific planning, strict establishment conditions, and comprehensive management [1][2]. Group 2: Ecological Protection - National parks are included in the national ecological protection red line control, promoting integrated protection of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts [2]. - The law mandates the preparation of an overall national park plan, specifying protection and management details, and emphasizes biodiversity protection and ecosystem safety [2]. Group 3: Community Involvement - The law requires assessments of the impact on local residents and businesses before establishing national parks, ensuring that their rights and livelihoods are considered [2][3]. - It encourages local residents and enterprises to provide ecological products and services, enhancing public service functions and promoting community participation in park management [2][3]. Group 4: Management and Enforcement - The law establishes a collaborative management mechanism with clear responsibilities for central and local governments, park management agencies, and relevant departments [3]. - It strengthens comprehensive law enforcement within national parks, granting management agencies the authority to impose administrative penalties for violations [4].

Core Points - The National Park Law was passed by the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee and will take effect on January 1, 2026, aiming to enhance the ecological protection system in China [1][2] - The law consists of 7 chapters and 63 articles, covering various aspects such as layout, establishment, protection, management, participation, sharing, and legal responsibilities [1] Group 1: Ecological Protection and Management - The law emphasizes integrated protection of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, requiring a comprehensive approach to ecological restoration and management [2] - It mandates the preparation of an overall plan for national parks, detailing specific protection and management tasks, and establishes strict regulations for core protection areas [2][3] Group 2: Community Involvement and Rights - The law requires assessments of the impact on local residents and businesses before establishing national parks, ensuring that their rights and activities are considered in the overall planning [2][3] - It encourages local residents and organizations to provide ecological products and services, enhancing public service functions within national parks [2] Group 3: Governance and Enforcement - A collaborative management mechanism is established, clarifying the responsibilities of central and local governments, park management agencies, and relevant departments [3] - The law strengthens comprehensive law enforcement within national parks, granting management agencies the authority to impose administrative penalties for violations [4]

Core Points - The National Park Law of the People's Republic of China was passed on September 12, 2025, and will take effect on January 1, 2026, marking a new phase in the legal and regulatory framework for national parks in China [1] - The law aims to enhance the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, establish a new pattern of land and space protection, and improve the ecological civilization system to maintain national ecological security [1] Management System - National parks will implement the strictest protection measures under a unified management system led by the State Council, emphasizing inter-departmental collaboration and local engagement [5][18] - The law encourages local governments to develop regulations tailored to their specific resources, promoting differentiated and refined governance based on legal foundations [5][18] Central-Local Coordination - Effective central-local coordination is essential for the unified approach to national park construction, ensuring that both levels of government work together towards common goals [6][20] - The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park serves as a model for successful central-local collaboration, establishing a clear management framework and enhancing cooperation among various stakeholders [20] Planning and Implementation - The law mandates the development of specific planning for national parks, integrating them into national and local economic and social development plans [13][21] - A focus on ecological protection, green development, and improving livelihoods is essential for achieving multi-win planning objectives [14] Ecological Restoration - The law emphasizes natural restoration as the primary method for repairing damaged ecosystems within national parks, with artificial interventions only as necessary [31] - Effective monitoring and evaluation of restoration efforts are crucial for assessing the success of ecological recovery initiatives [34][36]

Core Points - The National Park Law, passed on September 12, marks the first specialized legislation on national parks in China, set to take effect on January 1, 2026, signifying a new phase in the legal and regulatory framework for natural conservation areas [1][2][3] - The law aims to establish a unified and efficient management system for national parks, clarifying the roles and responsibilities of various governmental bodies to enhance protection and management efforts [4][6] - The law emphasizes ecological protection as the primary goal of national parks, distinguishing them from regular parks, and introduces a system for unified natural resource registration within national parks [5][6][8] Summary by Sections Establishment and Management - The National Park Law defines national parks as areas approved by the State Council, aimed at protecting representative natural ecosystems and ensuring scientific conservation and rational use of natural resources [2][3] - The law mandates a scientific planning approach for the overall development layout of national parks, requiring thorough preliminary investigations and public consultations before establishment [3][4] Ecological Protection and Restoration - The law introduces a systematic approach to ecological restoration, shifting from a focus on single protection to comprehensive restoration, emphasizing natural recovery over artificial interventions [8] - It includes provisions for zoning and control measures based on ecological characteristics, ensuring that different areas within national parks are managed according to their specific functions and goals [7][8] Community Involvement and Economic Integration - The law encourages public participation in national park management, promoting local employment opportunities and ensuring that local residents benefit from conservation efforts [10][11] - It aims to balance ecological protection with economic development, allowing for sustainable practices that enhance local livelihoods while preserving natural resources [9][10]

Core Points - The National Park Law, passed on September 12, marks the first specialized legislation on national parks in China, set to take effect on January 1, 2026, indicating a new phase of legal and standardized development in the natural protection system [3] - The law aims to establish a comprehensive national park system by 2035, emphasizing scientific planning and strict criteria for the establishment of national parks [5][6] - The law introduces a unified and efficient management system for national parks, clarifying the roles and responsibilities of various governmental bodies to enhance protection and management efforts [6] Group 1: Establishment and Management - The National Park Law defines national parks as areas approved by the State Council, primarily aimed at protecting representative natural ecosystems [4] - The law mandates a scientific layout for national parks, requiring thorough preliminary investigations and public consultations before establishment [5] - It emphasizes ecological protection as the top priority, distinguishing national parks from regular parks by implementing the strictest protection measures [5] Group 2: Resource Management and Protection - The law establishes a unified natural resource registration system for national parks, ensuring clear ownership and boundaries of natural resources [8] - It introduces a zoning control system within national parks, categorizing areas into core protection zones and general control zones, with specific management measures for each [9] - The law highlights the importance of ecological restoration, shifting from a single protection approach to a comprehensive restoration strategy [9] Group 3: Community Involvement and Economic Development - The law encourages public participation in national park management, promoting local employment and community engagement in conservation efforts [11] - It aims to balance ecological protection with economic development, allowing for sustainable resource utilization while improving local livelihoods [10] - The funding for national parks will primarily come from public finances, with provisions for private sector involvement through donations and support [12]

Core Points - The National Park Law of the People's Republic of China was passed and will take effect on January 1, 2026, marking a new phase in the legal and systematic construction of natural protected areas centered around national parks [2] - The law aims to maintain the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, establish a new pattern of land and space protection, and enhance the ecological civilization system to safeguard national ecological security [2] Management System - The National Park Law addresses the long-standing issue of fragmented governance by establishing a unified and efficient management system for national parks, involving various government levels and departments [13] - The law provides legal guarantees to resolve multi-headed management and overlapping responsibilities, but emphasizes that implementation will be the real test [13] Balancing Responsibilities - National park management agencies are responsible for protection, while local governments focus on economic and social development, leading to potential conflicts between short-term economic gains and long-term ecological protection [15] - A scientific ecological compensation and benefit-sharing mechanism is proposed to align the interests of both parties, ensuring that local residents benefit from conservation efforts [15] Coordination Mechanism - The law requires the establishment of a coordination mechanism for national parks that span multiple administrative regions, necessitating a permanent office for effective management and oversight [17] - This mechanism aims to unify standards and policies across regions to ensure systematic protection [17] Integrated Law Enforcement - The law grants management agencies comprehensive law enforcement responsibilities to address issues of overlapping or absent enforcement [19] - Effective integration of various enforcement powers and training for personnel is essential for successful implementation [19] Long-term Stability and Efficiency - A sustainable funding mechanism is crucial for the management of national parks, combining central government funding with local contributions and social capital [21] - The use of technology and smart management systems is emphasized to enhance monitoring and decision-making processes [21] Public Participation - The law promotes public participation in national park protection, ensuring that local communities benefit economically from conservation efforts [22] - Mechanisms are established to facilitate community involvement in park management and decision-making [22] Case Study: Wuyi Mountain National Park - Wuyi Mountain National Park has implemented eco-friendly practices in tea farming, promoting biodiversity and improving local livelihoods [28] - The park has created job opportunities for local residents in conservation and tourism, demonstrating a successful model of integrating ecological protection with community development [28] Ecological Compensation - The law mandates the establishment of an ecological compensation mechanism to balance environmental protection with economic development [33] - Specific compensation measures have been implemented in Wuyi Mountain National Park to support local farmers while ensuring ecological integrity [33] Future Outlook - The National Park Law is expected to strengthen ecological security and improve the well-being of local communities, contributing to a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [34]

Core Points - The National Park Law was passed by the 17th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee on September 12, 2023, and will take effect on January 1, 2026, marking the first national-level legislation specifically for national parks in China [1] Group 1: Effective Management of National Parks - The law establishes a unified and efficient management system for national parks, addressing issues of multi-departmental management and lack of legal basis for planning, protection, and supervision [2] - The law provides a clear framework for spatial control within national parks, implementing nationwide zoning regulations and activity lists for prohibited and permitted actions, which is crucial for addressing habitat fragmentation and infrastructure development [2] Group 2: Public Participation and Sharing Mechanism - The National Park Law includes a dedicated chapter on "Participation and Sharing," mandating collaboration between national park management agencies and local governments, as well as communication with local residents and enterprises to encourage their involvement in conservation efforts [3] Group 3: Community Development and Public Services - The law supports community integration and innovation by providing higher-level authorization and guidance for local regulations, enhancing public service systems within national parks while ensuring ecological protection [4] - It emphasizes the establishment of free public access days and necessary accessibility services to promote public engagement and sharing of conservation benefits [4] Group 4: Financial Support and Sustainability - The law outlines a diversified funding system primarily based on fiscal input, encouraging social contributions through donations and support for national park development [5] - It specifies that compensation for wildlife damage within national park areas will be subsidized by central finances, alleviating local fiscal pressures [5] - Recommendations include systematic revisions of local regulations and the establishment of cross-provincial coordination mechanisms to ensure effective implementation of the law [5]

Core Viewpoint - The National Park Law, China's first specialized legislation on national parks, will take effect on January 1, 2026, and is expected to significantly contribute to the construction of a beautiful China and the realization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [2][4]. Group 1: Importance and Role of the National Park Law - The National Park Law aims to promote the overall spatial layout of national parks based on key ecological factors, biodiversity, and unique natural landscapes [4][7]. - It establishes a framework for land spatial planning, defining management requirements and boundaries for national parks based on biodiversity richness and human activity interference [7][9]. Group 2: Protection and Restoration Mechanisms - The law emphasizes systematic protection and restoration, focusing on integrated conservation of various natural elements such as mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands [9][13]. - It highlights the need for differentiated protection strategies based on the characteristics of ecological systems and species, allowing for varying levels of human interaction depending on the area's ecological sensitivity [11][13]. Group 3: Community Involvement and Economic Benefits - The National Park Law includes provisions for ecological compensation systems to improve the living standards of local residents, allowing them to benefit from park-related activities [18][20]. - It prioritizes local residents as ecological guardians, enabling them to earn income through ecological tourism and the sale of local agricultural products [20].