Group 1 - The core point of the article is that the U.S. and Japan have reached a significant trade agreement, which has implications for South Korea's ongoing trade negotiations with the U.S. [1][4] - Japan will invest $550 billion in the U.S. and pay a 15% tariff, setting a benchmark for South Korea's negotiations [1][4] - South Korea's government has decided to exclude rice and beef market openings from the negotiation agenda, focusing instead on expanding imports of energy crops [1][3] Group 2 - South Korea imports approximately 132,000 tons of rice from the U.S. annually, with a 5% tariff, and any increase in quotas requires World Trade Organization approval [3] - In 2024, South Korea imported $2.22 billion worth of U.S. beef, making it a major market for U.S. beef despite existing restrictions [3] - Analysts believe that the U.S.-Japan agreement will pressure South Korea to achieve similar or better terms in its negotiations [4][5]

专家分析，牛肉价格回落需等待供给端恢复与需求端降温的双重信号。当前牧场主因利润微薄补栏意愿低迷，而消费者对高价牛肉的接受度尚未出现拐点。 美国农场局联合会经济学家Bernt Nelson表示："家庭财务状况是关键——收入增长时吃牛排，经济承压时转向鸡肉或植物肉。" Swanson预测，本轮牛肉价格周期或已接近顶点，但降价路径充满变数。若干旱持续、饲料成本居高不下，叠加全球经济放缓抑制出口需求，美国牛肉市场 可能面临"高价滞销"风险。对于消费者而言，短期内需做好"牛魔王"持续肆虐的心理准备。（陈十一） 与鸡蛋因禽流感短期供应中断不同，牛肉涨价是长期供需失衡的结果。富国银行首席农业经济学家Michael Swanson指出，美国牛群规模已降至74年来最低 水平，干旱导致牧场减产、饲料成本飙升，叠加进口增加但出口骤降22%，市场呈现"供弱需强"格局。泰森食品CEO直言："这是牛肉行业史上最具挑战环 境。" 尽管价格高企，美国消费者对牛肉需求依然强劲，约8%的消费依赖阿根廷、澳大利亚和巴西进口。Swanson称，美国已从贸易平衡国转为净进口国，"全球 最贵牛肉"称号进一步推高采购成本。然而，美国农场局联合会警告，若消 ...

Diplomatic Response - Brazil's Foreign Ministry has returned the letter from President Trump, citing it as "offensive and factually incorrect" regarding the trade deficit claims [4][3] - Brazil summoned the U.S. chargé d'affaires to verify the authenticity of the letter [4] Economic Strategy - Brazil's Agriculture Minister stated that the U.S. tariff of 50% on Brazilian exports is an "unjust measure" [6] - Brazil is looking to find alternative markets in regions like the Middle East and South Asia to mitigate the impact of U.S. tariffs [6] - The Brazilian government plans to expand markets and reduce trade barriers to support its agricultural and livestock sectors [6] Political Measures - A specialized working group will be established by the Brazilian government to address the tariff issue [8] - Brazil's Finance Minister criticized the U.S. decision, highlighting that Brazil has had a trade deficit with the U.S. exceeding $400 billion over the past 15 years, suggesting the tariff lacks economic justification [8] International Opinion - Brazilian President Lula refuted Trump's claims about unfair trade practices, citing U.S. statistics showing a trade surplus of approximately $410 billion for the U.S. over the last 15 years [10] - Lula emphasized Brazil's sovereignty and independence from external interference in its judicial processes [12]