"开山啦！"8月，云南省南华县雨露乡洒披武村，随着一声欢呼，早就在山脚蓄势待发的人们一起冲上 山。"看，这堆青草下准有好东西。""菌向导"何存亮背着竹篓，身后是跟随他一起进山采菌子的游客。 腐叶与青草下面，有不少等待被发现的菌子。地处滇中腹地的南华县，林地广袤、森林类型多样，得天 独厚的立体气候孕育出300多种野生食用菌。 "10年前哪敢想，捡菌子能变成'香饽饽'？"何存亮擦了擦额头上的汗，竹篓里已装了牛肝菌、青头菌等 七八种山珍。作为"菌向导"，他不仅要熟悉每种菌子的生长习性，还要时刻绷紧安全弦："有些菌子有 毒，认错了可不行。" 南华县各乡镇，大喇叭里播报着毒菌辨识知识，村干部挨家挨户发放的防控告知书上印着12种剧毒菌的 高清图片；当地还制定村规民约，划分松茸、牛肝菌等主产区，分区域重点管护……一套科学防控体系 守护着游客的安全。 近年来，跟着向导进山捡菌子已成为南华县旅游的特色项目，亲子研学、深度体验、菌子宴制作等多种 玩法很受欢迎。从单纯采售到深度体验，当地将菌子做成了"可触摸的生态课"：研学基地里，孩子们拿 着菌类图鉴蹲在林间观察，跟着村民学辨认蘑菇；山脚的菌子宴工坊中，游客亲手将现采的菌子切片下 ...

南华国际野生菌交易市场售卖的野生菌。 主播杨华芝正在直播卖菌。 "走，我带你去一个菌子多的地方采。" "你怎么知道那里菌子多？"面对游客的提问，云南省楚雄彝族自治州南华县雨露白族乡洒披武村的"菌 向导"何存亮神秘一笑，"既靠经验，也有'摄像头'帮忙。" 要带游客进山采菌，山里得有菌子才行。野生菌不能人工栽培，生长全凭天时地利，遇到干旱天气，菌 子"喝"不上水，迟迟不肯冒头。为了不让游客扫兴而归，村里在上千亩的野生菌保育促繁基地安装了智 能环境"一体式"监测设备。 "有了这套设备，再也不用担心游客捡不到菌子了。"何存亮自信地说。 南华县被誉为"中国野生菌之乡"，境内已知野生菌1021种，其中可食用的达354种。近年来，当地大力 推广应用数字化、智能化技术，为野生菌插上"云"翅膀，让"菌经济"焕发出蓬勃生机。 南华国际野生菌交易中心里的LED显示屏。 "云"端养菌 洒披武村安装的野生菌智能环境"一体式"监测设备，看似"其貌不扬"，实则"眼观六路、耳听八方"。 "一般基地的空气湿度在75%以上就不用人工干预。"常艳指着后台的数据向记者介绍，"你看，现在基 地的空气湿度是79%，就不用人工干预。" 先进的监测设备，配 ...

Core Insights - The partnership between Shanghai Putuo District and Luchuan Yi and Miao Autonomous County in Yunnan has led to significant poverty alleviation, benefiting over 164,000 people through continuous financial support over eight years [1] Group 1: Project Development - The establishment of a wild mushroom freeze-drying cold storage project in Zhongping Town, Luchuan County, is supported by 1.2 million yuan from the Shanghai Putuo District government and an additional 1 million yuan investment from Qifu Technology [3] - The project aims to address the seasonal challenges of wild mushroom supply by creating a 210 square meter storage center with integrated refrigeration, freeze-drying, and quick-freezing capabilities [3] - The operational model involves a collaboration between village collectives, leading enterprises, and farmers, with a 20-year investment recovery period and a minimum annual return of 6% designated for village collective benefits [3] Group 2: Economic Impact - The project has transformed the local industrial ecosystem, significantly increasing the annual wild mushroom procurement capacity and directly benefiting over 850 individuals from 300 surrounding households [3] - The "three-in-one" income generation approach through land transfer, base employment, and technical training allows farmers to earn dual income from land rental and daily wages, with reported earnings of 3,000 yuan per month from base work and 5,000 yuan per acre from personal land [4] - The initiative has created nearly 100 fixed employment positions and engaged nearly 1,000 farmers in standardized cultivation, establishing a closed-loop industry chain from planting to processing and sales [4]