《 人民日报 》（ 2025年10月09日 07 版） (责编：牛镛、岳弘彬) 关注公众号：人民网财经 本报呼和浩特10月8日电 （记者张枨）记者从中国铁路呼和浩特局集团有限公司获悉：10月8日，1293 次中欧班列满载汽车配件和日用百货等商品，从内蒙古二连浩特铁路口岸鸣笛启程，这标志着今年中欧 班列中通道通行量突破3000列，较去年提前39天。二连浩特铁路口岸已连续3年年内通行中欧班列超 3000列。 二连浩特铁路口岸是中欧班列中通道唯一进出境铁路口岸，目前从这里运行的中欧班列线路已增至74 条，境外通达10多个国家70余座城市，国内辐射中欧班列大部分首发城市。自2013年首列通行以来，该 口岸累计通行中欧班列近2.1万列，运输货物品类显著升级，新能源汽车、高端机械设备等高附加值产 品占比从早期不足10%提升至40%以上。 ...

"我们优化了宽轨接车组织流程，科学规划集装箱卸车场地，增加专用作业线，进一步提高工作效率， 满足中欧班列货运需求。"中国铁路呼和浩特局集团有限公司二连站技术科科长杨冬冬说。 二连浩特铁路口岸是我国中欧班列中通道唯一进出境口岸，进出境中欧班列线路目前达74条，累计通行 中欧班列近2.1万列。（记者李志鹏） 记者从中国铁路呼和浩特局集团有限公司获悉，10月8日，1293次中欧班列满载汽车配件、日用百货等 商品，经二连浩特铁路口岸出境，标志着二连浩特铁路口岸今年以来出入境中欧班列达到3000列，较去 年提前39天，实现连续3年年内出入境中欧班列突破3000列。 今年以来，二连浩特铁路口岸发挥"路政企"物流一体化联动优势，实时掌握中欧班列货运需求，优化中 欧班列手续流程，强化海关、边检等部门协同作业，保障中欧班列高效通行。 ...

中欧班列（郑州）"双节"不停运！今年国庆、中秋假期期间，中豫港务集团郑州陆港公司坚持"工作不 断档、服务不停歇"，提前制定订舱结算、公路运输、装箱拆箱、报关报检等多个重点环节的工作方 案，全力保障国际物流畅通稳定。 2013年河南开行首班中欧班列以来，中豫港务集团持续拓通道、强枢纽、促贸易、聚产业，全力推进河 南中欧班列转型升级高质量发展，从"1站点1口岸"到如今的"26站点9口岸"国际物流网络，线路覆盖欧 盟和俄罗斯、中亚及东盟40多个国家140多个城市，累计开行近16000列，成为中欧经贸往来、人文交流 的重要纽带。中豫港务集团郑州陆港公司总经理郭新年表示，下一步，将进一步加密河南中欧班列国内 外网络，强化枢纽体系建设，推进班列扩量提质增效，持续加力保障国际物流畅通，助力河南高质量融 入"一带一路"建设。 一列火车同步欧洲生活！位于郑州市经开区经北四路郑州国际陆港园区内的进口商品展销中心人头攒 动，广大市民争相购买中欧班列（郑州）运来的新"洋货"。现场顾客李女士说，"我是郑欧进口商品的 老粉丝了，每到重要节假日都会来扫货，欧洲的食品质量标准高、监督严，关键是班列运回来的既新鲜 又便宜，买着放心、吃着舒心， ...

Core Viewpoint - The reopening of the "Yiwu-Madrid" China-Europe Railway Express at the Polish-Belarusian border marks a significant recovery for international logistics after a 13-day closure due to geopolitical tensions, impacting numerous freight operations and highlighting the importance of this route for cross-border trade [2][12][29]. Group 1: Impact of Border Closure - Approximately 350 China-Europe trains were stranded at the border during the 13-day closure, with an estimated recovery time of three to four weeks for normal operations to resume [3][12]. - The closure of the Polish-Belarusian border was a significant disruption, as around 90% of China-Europe trains transit through Poland, making it a critical hub for logistics [12][27]. - The closure led to increased pressure on supply chains, with many businesses facing inventory shortages and potential disruptions in their operations [12][15]. Group 2: Alternative Solutions - Companies have begun to explore alternative transportation methods, including air and sea freight, to mitigate the impact of the border closure [16][21]. - Air freight is significantly more expensive, costing about three times more than rail, while sea freight is cheaper but takes longer, with delivery times extending by 20 to 30 days compared to rail [23]. - Logistics firms are advising clients to adapt their shipping strategies, utilizing air or sea options for urgent shipments while awaiting the resumption of rail services [17][21]. Group 3: Future Outlook - Despite the recent disruptions, there is confidence in the continued viability of the Poland route for logistics, as it remains economically advantageous and efficient compared to alternative routes [26][29]. - The development of new shipping routes, such as the Arctic shipping line, which significantly reduces transit times to Europe, is being closely monitored by logistics companies [30][31]. - The overall impact of the border closure on the broader logistics industry appears limited, with many businesses in the cross-border trade sector demonstrating resilience and adaptability [28][29].

北京时间9月25日17时29分，"义乌—马德里"浙江中欧班列在白俄罗斯布列斯特口岸完成整列换装后，再次鸣响汽笛，驶向波兰边境小镇马拉舍维奇（以 下简称"马拉"）。 这是波白（波兰、白俄罗斯）边境口岸重新开放通行后，恢复开行的首趟"义新欧"欧洲方向班列。约12个小时前，波白边境路障才刚刚被波兰边防人员移 除。此前，因俄罗斯与白俄罗斯举行大规模联合军演，波兰曾于当地时间9月12日凌晨将波白之间的公路和铁路口岸全部关闭。 有货代公司向《每日经济新闻》记者（以下简称"每经记者"）透露，波白边境口岸关闭的13天里，有约350列中欧班列被阻隔在口岸两边。保守估计，以 马拉口岸的处理能力，途经马拉前往欧洲的中欧班列至少需要三到四周才能恢复正常运行状态。 眼下，乌云散去，一切正有条不紊地重启中。外贸人期待中欧班列尽快回到正轨，也期待着能选择更多运输路线和运输方式，以穿越不时掀起的波澜。 突发：波白口岸关闭13天 300列已发班列滞留 北京时间9月25日18时，"义新欧"班列鸣笛驶向马拉半小时后，在距离波兰约8000公里外的深圳，中欧班列国际物流（广州）有限公司的负责人贝利在朋 友圈重新打起了广告： "波兰马拉口岸今日运行，欢 ...

Core Viewpoint - The reopening of the "Yiwu-Madrid" China-Europe Railway Express at the Polish-Belarusian border marks a significant recovery for international logistics, following a 13-day closure due to geopolitical tensions, which had caused substantial disruptions in freight movement [1][5][11]. Group 1: Impact of Border Closure - Approximately 350 China-Europe trains were stranded at the border during the 13-day closure, leading to a backlog that could take three to four weeks to resolve [1][5]. - The closure affected a significant portion of the logistics chain, with many businesses facing inventory shortages and supply chain disruptions [5][11]. - The Polish border is a critical hub for China-Europe rail services, with about 90% of these trains passing through Poland, highlighting the importance of this route for trade [5][11]. Group 2: Response and Adaptation - Companies have begun to adapt by offering alternative shipping methods such as air and sea freight to mitigate the impact of the border closure [6][8]. - The cost of air freight is approximately three times higher than that of the China-Europe Railway, while sea freight is about 30% cheaper but takes significantly longer [9]. - Logistics firms are exploring alternative routes and methods, including rail-sea intermodal transport, to maintain service continuity [10][14]. Group 3: Future Outlook - Despite the recent disruptions, there is confidence in the long-term viability of the China-Europe Railway routes, with businesses eager for a return to normal operations [14][15]. - New shipping routes, such as the Arctic shipping line, are being explored, which could offer faster transit times compared to traditional routes [14][15]. - The overall impact of the border closure on the broader logistics industry appears limited, as many businesses have the capacity to adapt to changing circumstances [12][11].

Group 1 - Poland's Prime Minister Tusk announced the reopening of the border with Belarus on September 25, following a complete closure on September 11 due to military exercises by Russia and Belarus [1][2] - The closure of the border disrupted the China-Europe Railway Express, causing significant impacts on trade logistics between China and Europe [1][4] - The China-Europe Railway Express is a crucial land freight route connecting China and Europe, with approximately 90% of its trains entering the EU through Poland [4] Group 2 - Some companies have shifted from using the China-Europe Railway Express to maritime transport due to the border closure, resulting in longer shipping times of about 60 days compared to 30-40 days by rail [7][9] - The "Istanbul Bridge" vessel has initiated a new Arctic shipping route, significantly reducing transit time to Europe to just 18 days, marking a new record for China-Europe shipping efficiency [9] - This Arctic route is part of the "Belt and Road" initiative and aims to provide faster and more sustainable logistics options for industries such as high-end manufacturing and cross-border e-commerce [9]

Core Insights - The China-Europe Railway Express is facing unprecedented capacity challenges due to the geopolitical tensions stemming from the Russia-Ukraine conflict, leading to reduced operations and increased transportation costs [1][3][5] - Despite these challenges, European countries are exhibiting a surprising calm, influenced by underlying geopolitical dynamics and economic considerations [1][4] Group 1: Trade Dynamics - The long-standing trade imbalance between China and the EU, characterized by a significant surplus in favor of China, has prompted the EU to seek economic rebalancing and reduce dependency on Chinese exports [3][10] - The disruption of the railway's capacity provides a strategic window for both China and the EU to reassess trade flows and supply chain configurations [3][7] Group 2: Geopolitical Influences - The U.S. plays a crucial role in shaping European responses to the conflict, exerting pressure on European allies to unify against Russia, which indirectly affects the operations of the China-Europe Railway Express [4][10] - Poland's recent border closure reflects its dual role as a key EU member and NATO's eastern gateway, highlighting the complex interplay of national interests within the EU [4][10] Group 3: Logistics and Alternatives - The increase in insurance costs and safety concerns due to the conflict has led logistics companies to reconsider their transportation routes, with traditional alternatives like sea and air freight gaining importance despite higher costs [5][12] - The EU is actively promoting diversification of trade routes to reduce reliance on single corridors, encouraging businesses to explore new pathways through Central Asia and the South Caucasus [7][12] Group 4: Structural Changes in the EU Market - Changes in European consumer trends, stringent green regulations, and shifts in manufacturing locations are reshaping the flow of goods between China and Europe [10][15] - The EU's cautious approach to the railway's operational challenges reflects the need to balance short-term economic interests with long-term geopolitical strategies [10][12] Group 5: Long-term Considerations - The long-term viability of the China-Europe Railway Express will depend on the evolving geopolitical landscape, the restructuring of international trade patterns, and the resolution of technical challenges [17][12] - Ongoing high-level communications between China and the EU address macroeconomic issues, with the railway's operational status being one of many factors in their broader dialogue [17]

冰封的铁轨与奔涌的北极：欧亚贸易新图景 2024年9月18日，一场突如其来的地缘政治风暴席卷了欧亚大陆的贸易命脉。波兰政府宣布，出于"安全关切"，将无限期关闭其与白俄罗斯接壤的所有边境 口岸，并拒绝对载满中国货物的中欧班列放行。这一决定犹如釜底抽薪，直接切断了连接中国与欧洲之间高达90%的铁路货运通道，其影响范围迅速蔓延， 估值约250亿欧元的贸易往来瞬间陷入停滞。 然而，在铁轨的喧嚣声渐行渐远之际，另一条更为广阔、更为冰冷的通道，却在悄然间被激活。仅仅不到24小时，中国外交部发言人便掷地有声地宣告：中 国愿与俄罗斯及其他北极国家一道，携手深化在北方航道基础设施建设与运营方面的国际合作。紧随其后，9月20日，"伊斯坦布尔桥"号集装箱巨轮，满载 着希望与货物，从宁波舟山港扬帆起航，直指欧洲，所经之处，正是那片神秘而充满潜力的北极航道。 地缘博弈的咽喉：被收紧的"交通闸门" 波兰政府给出的官方理由是"安全关切"。波兰内政部长马辛·凯尔温斯基在特雷斯波尔口岸的宣布掷地有声："边境将维持关闭，直至'波兰人的安全得到充分 保障'。"表面上看，这似乎是对不久前俄白联合军演"西部-2025"的临时性应对措施。然而，军演已于 ...

Core Insights - The China-Europe Railway Express is facing unprecedented challenges due to the escalation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, leading to a significant decrease in operation frequency and rising logistics costs [1][2][3] - European countries are exhibiting a calm response, driven by the need for economic structural adjustment and complex international strategic dynamics [1][2] Economic Rebalancing - The long-standing trade deficit between China and the EU has prompted calls for a structural resolution, with the China-Europe Railway Express being a critical hub for Chinese goods in Europe [2] - The EU is actively seeking to adjust its trade strategy with China to achieve a more balanced economic interaction, reducing reliance on specific Chinese imports while enhancing local export capabilities [2] Geopolitical Dynamics - The U.S. plays a significant role in the geopolitical landscape, urging Europe to reduce trade routes through Russia to limit its economic space [3] - This geopolitical maneuvering indirectly influences European trade and transportation decisions, showcasing U.S. commitment to its long-term strategy [3] Poland's Strategic Role - Poland serves as a crucial gateway for the China-Europe Railway Express into the EU, with recent border closures reflecting its strategic considerations and the EU's evolving policy towards China [6] - The internal EU debate on China policy is intensifying, with a growing faction advocating for a tougher stance [6] Risk Restructuring - The operational challenges of the China-Europe Railway Express have highlighted issues related to insurance and security, with increased rates placing a financial burden on logistics companies [7][16] - The uncertainty caused by the conflict has led to a shift in trade flows towards more expensive and time-consuming maritime and air transport options [9] Corporate Adaptation - European companies are adjusting their supply chain strategies to enhance resilience, with some relocating manufacturing closer to the European market [10] - This transformation is gradual but is already evident across various industries [10] Russia's Position and Communication Efforts - Russia, as a key transit country, is focusing more on bilateral trade with China while being cautious about transit operations due to Western sanctions [11] - China is actively communicating with countries along the route to address logistical challenges, although geopolitical complexities complicate negotiations [11] Market Dynamics and Strategic Balancing - Changes in consumer trends, environmental regulations, and manufacturing layouts are reshaping the trade landscape between China and Europe [13] - European decision-makers are striving to balance short-term economic interests with long-term strategic goals, navigating the complexities of international relations [13] Insurance Industry Trends - The insurance sector's risk assessment is shaping the operational outlook for the China-Europe Railway Express, with high premiums continuing to restrict its viability [16] EU's Strategic Reevaluation - The EU is systematically reassessing the strategic significance of various international transport routes, considering factors like supply chain resilience and geopolitical uncertainties [17] - Technical challenges, such as differences in rail gauge and customs cooperation, require ongoing multilateral efforts to resolve [17] Political Dynamics and Coordination - Political voices within the European Parliament are advocating for a tougher stance on China, influencing the overall decision-making environment [18] - Coordination among EU member states remains a challenge, with differing views on China policy among major countries [18] Data-Driven Insights - Data from frontline operations, such as freight volume and transportation costs, are crucial for policy formulation, while broader macroeconomic challenges dilute focus on the railway issues [19] Future Outlook - Despite some operational routes still functioning, overall capacity has significantly contracted, with companies seeking to maintain services through adjustments [20] - The future trajectory of the China-Europe Railway Express will be influenced by geopolitical developments, changes in international trade structures, and the resolution of technical issues [20]