Core Viewpoint - The article highlights a significant breakthrough in quantum computing, where a team led by Pan Jianwei successfully constructed a defect-free atomic array of 2024 atoms in just 60 milliseconds, setting a new world record in neutral atom systems [1][6][14]. Group 1: Research Achievements - The research team utilized AI technology to achieve a high degree of parallelism in rearranging atoms, overcoming previous limitations in traditional methods that restricted the scale of atomic arrays to hundreds of atoms [12][14]. - The system has achieved single-qubit gate fidelity of 99.97%, two-qubit gate fidelity of 99.5%, and detection fidelity of 99.92%, matching the highest international standards represented by Harvard University [6][14]. - The results of this research have been published in the international journal "Physical Review Letters" and highlighted by the American Physical Society [4]. Group 2: Technical Innovations - The new rearrangement technique allows for the rapid reconfiguration of thousands of atoms, demonstrated through a video featuring Schrödinger's cat, showcasing the dynamic arrangement of rubidium atoms in a 230×230μm optical trap array [2][8]. - The research indicates that expanding the atomic array from 2024 to tens of thousands is feasible from a computational perspective, although practical implementation requires advancements in laser power and overall platform capabilities [14]. Group 3: Future Prospects - The article suggests that while the current advancements are significant, achieving a fully functional universal quantum computer may take an additional 10 years for large-scale applications like cryptography [14]. - The collaboration involves top teams in the quantum computing field, including the Shanghai Quantum Science Research Center and the University of Science and Technology of China [14].

一、北美地区主导全球量子计算市场，微软、谷歌等大厂技术路线各异 前言： 2019年，谷歌用53-Qubit的量子计算机证明了量子计算系统可以解决传统计算机无法处理或效率极低的 问题，量子计算迎来元年。目前全球已有近 250 家企业布局量子计算产业，其中北美地区以43.86%的 份额占据市场主导地位，代表企业包括微软、谷歌等，技术路线各异。从国内市场看，2003年，第一个 量子计算研究小组成立，标志着中国量子计算起步发展。2016年以来，在政策引导下，我国量子计算厚 积薄发，与海外差距不断缩小，实现了从跟跑、并跑到部分领跑的历史性飞跃。 由于目前硬件性能水平距实现大规模可容错通用量子计算还有很大差距、软件和算法尚处在系统开发和 生态构建的初期，全球量子计算应用仍处于早期阶段。但随着海内外企业在各自的技术路线上不断突 破，全球量子计算应用将不断深入，行业将进入快速发展阶段。 量子计算是基于量子力学的独特行为（如叠加、纠缠和量子干扰）的计算模式，基本信息单位为量子比 特。 量子计算通过量子态的受控演化实现数据的存储计算，可以分为数据输入、初态制备、量子逻辑门操 作、量子测算和数据输出等步骤, 能够带来更强的并行计算 ...

Group 1 - The 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC) featured extensive discussions on the intersection of quantum computing and artificial intelligence (AI) [1] - Experts believe that quantum computing can address certain AI challenges and may accelerate tasks related to recognition and language models under specific conditions [1][2] - Companies like Bosi Quantum and Turing Quantum are actively exploring market applications in various fields, including finance, communication, life sciences, AI, and energy [2] Group 2 - Bosi Quantum has completed six rounds of financing and aims to commercialize specialized quantum computers within 3 to 5 years, with ongoing collaborations in life sciences and finance [2] - Turing Quantum, established in 2021, has completed five rounds of financing, with the latest round raising hundreds of millions for photon chip development [2] - China Mobile has been investing in quantum technology since 2019 and is focusing on integrating quantum technology with AI, aiming to create replicable and scalable applications in various sectors [3] Group 3 - Currently, four quantum computers have claimed quantum supremacy, including China's Jiuzhang and the superconducting quantum computer Zuchongzhi series [3] - The industry anticipates significant advancements in quantum computing, with expectations to resolve error correction issues within 5 to 10 years and develop fault-tolerant universal quantum computers by 2035 or 2040 [4] - NVIDIA's CEO has indicated that the quantum computing field is at a historic turning point, predicting that future supercomputers will integrate quantum processing units (QPU) alongside GPUs [4]