证券研究报告 | 2025年08月27日 固定收益快评:转债投资者该如何应对后续市场波动？-转债市场点评 策略专题:底仓再审视（二）- 如何做到攻守兼备配底仓 行业与公司 登康口腔(001328.SZ) 财报点评:电商渠道持续放量，产品升级迭代驱动 毛利率上行 丸美生物(603983.SH) 财报点评:二季度收入同比增长 34%，投放加大为 新品增长蓄力 海底捞(06862.HK) 海外公司财报点评:"红石榴"创新效果显现，维持 高比例现金分红 绿茶集团(06831.HK) 海外公司财报点评:2025H1 经调净利润同增 40%， 看好下半年同店收入改善 海思科(002653.SZ) 财报点评:麻醉产品营收同比增长 54%，多款创新药 产品进入商业化阶段 福瑞股份(300049.SZ) 财报点评:25Q2 营收同比增长 20%，MASH 无创检 测迎来关键催化 开立医疗(300633.SZ) 财报点评:25Q2 业绩环比改善，高端新品密集推 出 鱼跃医疗(002223.SZ) 财报点评:呼吸治疗业务企稳回升，血糖管理业务 表现亮眼 惠泰医疗(688617.SH) 财报点评:PFA 产品商业化逐步开展，海外市场 ...

拼多多二季度营收增速小幅放缓，但得益于营销费用的控制，公司净利润降幅大幅收窄，Non-GAAP净利润同比下降5%，至327.1亿元，大幅超过市场 预估的223.9亿元。销售营销费用272.1亿元，同比增长4.5%，较一季度43%的增速大幅放缓。 拼多多二季度营收增速小幅放缓，但得益于营销费用的控制，公司净利润降幅大幅收窄，整体业绩好于预期。与此同时，在电商竞争激烈的大环境下， 拼多多选择加大对商家的支持投入，这既是对长期价值的押注，也是对短期业绩的考验。 周一晚间，拼多多公布二季度财报，核心要点如下： 财务状况 核心业务表现 总收入1039.8亿元（143.5亿美元），同比增长7%，市场预估1,039.3亿元 营业利润257.9亿元，同比下降21%；净利润307.5亿元人民币，同比下降4% Non-GAAP净利润同比下降5%，至327.1亿元，但大幅超过市场预估的223.9亿元 ；Non-GAAP调整后每ADS收益22.07元，市场预期15.50元 销售营销费用272.1亿元，同比增长4.5%，较一季度43%的增速大幅放缓 经营现金流216.4亿元，较去年同期438亿元大幅下降51% 在线营销收入557亿元好 ...

8月25日晚间，拼多多公布2025年第二季度未经审计财务业绩。财报显示，第二季度，该公司营收1039.8亿元，同比增加7%；净利润为人民币307.5亿元，同 比下降4%。非美国通用会计准则下（Non-GAAP）下，经调整后净利润327.1亿元，超出市场预期的223.9亿元，但同比下降5%。 经调整后，拼多多每ADS（美国存托凭证）收益 22.07元，超出市场预期的15.50元。截至记者发稿，拼多多美股盘前拉升，涨近10%。 | | | As of | | --- | --- | --- | | | December | | | | 31, 2024 | June 30, 20 | | | RMB | RMB | | | | (Unaudited) | | ASSETS | | | | Current assets | | | | Cash and cash equivalents | 57,768,053 | 63,222,442 | | Restricted cash | 68,426,368 | 66,677,640 | | Receivables from online payment platform ...

Data Industry Overview - The data industry is an emerging sector and a new growth point for the digital economy, encompassing various business forms such as data collection, storage, circulation, transaction, development, and infrastructure construction [3] - By 2024, the number of data enterprises in China is expected to exceed 400,000, with the industry scale reaching 5.86 trillion yuan, representing a 117% increase compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [5] - A number of companies engaged in data labeling, governance, and transaction services are rapidly growing, with third-party data service institutions emerging and deepening their specialization [7] Regional Development - The Yangtze River Delta has formed a multi-layered, full-chain data industry ecosystem, with its data industry scale accounting for 22.6% of the national total in 2024, housing over 100,000 data enterprises, making it a significant growth pole for China's data industry [8]

Core Viewpoint - The company, Manbang, announced an increase in service fees for its freight brokerage services, which is expected to lead to a significant decline in transaction volume and revenue from these services starting from the quarter ending September 30, 2025, potentially impacting overall profitability [1] Group 1: Business Overview - Manbang is a leading domestic freight platform formed by the merger of two trucking platforms, "Huochebang" and "Yunmanman," in 2017, and it went public on the New York Stock Exchange in June 2021, becoming the "first digital freight stock in China" [1] - As a digital freight platform, Manbang connects cargo owners and truck drivers, primarily providing freight matching services [3] Group 2: Financial Performance - In Q1 2025, Manbang reported a revenue of 2.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19%, with freight matching service revenue at 2.247 billion yuan, up 20.2%, driven by rapid growth in transaction services [3] - The revenue from freight brokerage services was 965.7 million yuan in Q1 2025, nearly unchanged from 964.2 million yuan in Q1 2024, primarily due to increased service fees offset by a decline in transaction volume [4] - Revenue from freight listing services grew by 10% to 234.9 million yuan, attributed to an increase in paid membership [4] - Transaction service revenue surged by 51.5% to 1.0465 billion yuan, driven by increased order volume, penetration rates, and higher fees per transaction [4] Group 3: Business Strategy and Shifts - Manbang is shifting its business focus to increase the proportion of transaction service revenue, with the share of freight brokerage service revenue declining from 49.9% in 2022 to 35.8% in Q1 2025, while transaction service revenue share increased from 22.9% to 38.8% in the same period [4] - The company aims to ensure the sustainability of its freight brokerage services and reduce reliance on government subsidies and potential uncertainties by increasing service fees [5]

Core Viewpoint - Pinduoduo is sacrificing short-term profits to build a sustainable platform ecosystem, emphasizing long-term investments over immediate financial returns [1][2][3] Financial Performance - In Q1 2025, Pinduoduo reported total revenue of 95.672 billion yuan, a 10% year-on-year increase, but below market expectations of 101.6 billion yuan [1] - The net profit for the same quarter was 14.742 billion yuan, a significant decline of 47% year-on-year, with adjusted net profit at 16.92 billion yuan, also falling short of the anticipated 27.88 billion yuan [1] - The stock price dropped over 20% in pre-market trading following the earnings report, leading to a market capitalization loss of over 23 billion USD [1] Strategic Shift - Pinduoduo's revenue structure shows online marketing services revenue at 48.722 billion yuan, up 15%, while transaction services revenue was 46.950 billion yuan, growing only 6% [3] - The decline in revenue growth is attributed to Pinduoduo's strategic shift towards supporting merchants, including reducing commissions and fees, which has impacted transaction service revenue growth [3][4] - Total operating expenses surged by 37% year-on-year, significantly outpacing revenue growth, with sales and marketing expenses reaching 33.403 billion yuan, accounting for 34.9% of total revenue [3][4] Long-term Investment Initiatives - Pinduoduo announced a "100 billion support plan" aimed at providing resources to merchants over the next three years, which includes lowering commissions and fees [4][5] - The company is transitioning from being a traffic distributor to an ecosystem builder, focusing on supporting small and medium-sized businesses and enhancing supply chain efficiency [5][6] Market Trends and Challenges - The overall e-commerce market in China is experiencing a shift towards high-quality growth, with online retail sales increasing by 7.7% year-on-year from January to April 2025 [6] - Pinduoduo is also facing challenges in its global business due to changes in international trade policies and increased operational costs, leading to a strategic pivot towards localizing operations in overseas markets [7][8][9] - The market reaction to Pinduoduo's earnings report reflects a divided sentiment, with some investors optimistic about the company's long-term strategy while others are concerned about its domestic market challenges and international uncertainties [9]

Core Viewpoint - Pinduoduo's revenue growth has slowed down, with operating profit dropping to 16.09 billion RMB, a 38% decrease year-over-year, which fell short of market expectations, leading to a significant drop in stock price [1][4][5] Financial Performance - For the three months ended March 31, 2025, Pinduoduo reported revenues of 95.67 billion RMB, with online marketing services and other income contributing 48.72 billion RMB, a 15% year-over-year increase, while transaction service revenue was 46.95 billion RMB, up 6% [3][5] - Operating profit decreased to 16.09 billion RMB, reflecting the company's investment in merchant subsidies, with total operating expenses rising significantly [3][7] - The gross margin fell by 5.1 percentage points to 57% due to increased sales expenses, which rose by 43% year-over-year to 334.03 billion RMB [7][8] Strategic Initiatives - Pinduoduo has implemented the "100 Billion Subsidy" program to support merchants by reducing fees and providing subsidies, which has impacted short-term profits but is seen as a long-term investment [4][9] - The company has expanded its support initiatives to a "1,000 Billion Support" plan, aiming to invest over 1,000 billion RMB in resources for small and medium-sized merchants over the next three years [9][15] - The management emphasizes that these initiatives are designed to foster a healthier merchant ecosystem, which will ultimately benefit the platform in the long run [8][13] Market Impact - The company's commitment to supporting merchants has been reiterated despite short-term financial pressures, with a focus on long-term value rather than quarterly results [8][14] - Pinduoduo's approach is expected to create a positive cycle of supply and demand, enhancing the overall consumer experience and strengthening the platform's competitive position [13][19] Future Outlook - As the effects of the platform's investments and subsidies begin to materialize, Pinduoduo anticipates an improvement in performance, especially as the rapid growth phase stabilizes [20]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Outperform the Market" [5][21]. Core Views - The company's Q1 performance was under pressure due to increased investments and tariff impacts, with total revenue of 957 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10%, which was below market expectations. The decline in transaction service revenue growth was a significant factor [1][8]. - Online marketing service revenue reached 487 billion yuan, up 15% year-on-year, indicating stable growth in GMV and advertising monetization in the domestic market [1][8]. - The company is focusing on long-term ecological development at the expense of short-term profits, with a significant adjustment in revenue forecasts for 2025-2027 due to tariff impacts on TEMU GMV growth and an increase in the share of semi-managed models [3][10]. Financial Performance Summary - The company's gross margin for the quarter was 57.2%, down 5.1 percentage points year-on-year, primarily due to the full burden of shipping costs in the western regions and a structural decline in high-margin commission ratios [2][9]. - Non-GAAP operating profit was 183 billion yuan, down 36% year-on-year, with a non-GAAP operating profit margin of 19.1%. Non-GAAP net profit was 169 billion yuan, down 45% year-on-year, reflecting a significant decrease in interest income [2][9]. - The company has launched a 100 billion yuan support plan to enhance merchant incentives, which may continue to pressure profitability in the near to medium term [3][10]. Revenue and Profit Forecasts - Revenue forecasts for 2025-2027 have been adjusted to 4329 billion yuan, 4994 billion yuan, and 5622 billion yuan, reflecting a downward adjustment of 10%, 16%, and 17% respectively [3][10]. - Non-GAAP net profit projections for the same period are 841 billion yuan, 1076 billion yuan, and 1259 billion yuan, with adjustments of 35%, 34%, and 32% respectively [3][10]. - The current price-to-earnings ratio (PE) is projected to be 12x, 9x, and 8x for the years 2025, 2026, and 2027 [3][10].

Core Viewpoint - Pinduoduo's Q1 financial report shows a revenue of 956.7 billion RMB, a 10% year-on-year increase, but a net profit of 147.42 billion RMB, down 47% due to a 43% surge in marketing expenses [1][11]. Financial Performance - Revenue growth is attributed to a 15% increase in online marketing services and a 6% increase in transaction service revenue [1][11]. - Total operating expenses increased significantly, with costs rising from 327 billion RMB to 409 billion RMB, a 25% increase [11]. - Non-GAAP operating expenses rose from 256 billion RMB to 365 billion RMB, while GAAP operating expenses increased from 281 billion RMB to 386 billion RMB, a 37% rise [12]. - The net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders decreased from 280 billion RMB to 147 billion RMB, with adjusted earnings per share dropping from 20.33 RMB to 10.59 RMB [13]. Business Strategy - Pinduoduo acknowledges that slowing growth rates are inevitable due to intensified competition and external uncertainties [2][18]. - The company emphasizes long-term investments in its ecosystem, prioritizing support for merchants and consumers over short-term profitability [4][18]. - The "trillion support plan" aims to enhance investments on both supply and demand sides, expanding assistance to small and medium-sized merchants [2][20]. Merchant Support Initiatives - The company has upgraded its support initiatives, including a 100 billion RMB merchant rebate plan to enhance consumer satisfaction and stimulate diverse consumption needs [2][20]. - Pinduoduo is focusing on providing substantial support to small and medium-sized merchants, aiming to stabilize their sales and reduce operational costs [17][24]. - The platform is also implementing direct subsidy models to offer real discounts to consumers while improving the operational environment for merchants [3][21]. Consumer Engagement - The company has introduced various subsidy policies to enhance consumer experience, including a 100 billion RMB consumer coupon initiative [8][22]. - Pinduoduo aims to improve service quality and consumer trust through initiatives like price matching during promotional events [25]. Future Outlook - The company anticipates that ongoing investments in its ecosystem will continue to impact profitability in the near term but are essential for long-term growth [18][24]. - Pinduoduo is committed to building a robust ecosystem that benefits merchants and consumers alike, ensuring sustainable growth despite external challenges [9][24].

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - In Q1 2025, total revenues increased by 10% year over year to RMB 95.7 billion, driven by growth in online marketing services and transaction services [22][23] - Total cost of revenues rose by 25% to RMB 40.9 billion, primarily due to increased fulfillment and payment processing fees [24] - Operating profit decreased significantly, with GAAP operating profit at RMB 16.1 billion compared to RMB 26 billion in the same quarter last year [26] - Net income attributable to ordinary shareholders was RMB 14.7 billion, down from RMB 28 billion in the same quarter last year [27] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Revenues from online marketing services were RMB 48.7 billion, up 15% year over year [23] - Revenues from transaction services increased to RMB 47 billion, a 6% rise from the previous year [23] - Non-GAAP operating profit margin fell to 19% from 33% in the same quarter last year, reflecting increased investments in ecosystem initiatives [26] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company noted intensified competition in the Chinese e-commerce sector, impacting merchant performance and profitability [8][9] - The global business faced significant pressure due to changes in external policy environments, such as tariffs, affecting merchants' capabilities [9][35] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is focusing on a high-quality development strategy, emphasizing merchant support and ecosystem investments [6][7] - A new RMB 100 billion support program was launched to enhance merchant support, particularly for small and medium-sized businesses [15][46] - The strategy includes fee reductions and comprehensive support initiatives aimed at improving the operational efficiency of merchants [16][47] Management Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management acknowledged that the slowdown in revenue growth and profit decline are due to external uncertainties and increased competition [8][37] - The company remains committed to long-term investments in its platform ecosystem, prioritizing merchant and consumer needs over short-term profitability [11][40] - Future financial results may continue to reflect the impact of sustained investments in ecosystem support [28] Other Important Information - The company has launched initiatives to support agricultural products and enhance the distribution of local farm products [18] - A new consumer coupon program was introduced to stimulate demand and support high-quality merchants [19][20] Q&A Session Summary Question: What preparations has the company made in response to macro policy changes affecting merchants? - Management emphasized proactive actions and increased support for merchants through the RMB 100 billion support program to help them navigate external uncertainties [34][36] Question: What factors contributed to the significant decline in net profit margins this quarter? - The decline is attributed to a mismatch between business investment and return cycles, compounded by external market changes [38][39] Question: How will the RMB 100 billion support program be delivered to merchants? - The program will extend support to more small and medium-sized merchants, enhancing their operational efficiency and reducing costs [46][47] Question: How does the company view competition in the current market environment? - Management acknowledged the challenges posed by competition and the need for the platform to support merchants to ensure their success [54][56]