伪麻黄碱
Search documents
科学应对流感 避开用药误区
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-12-24 16:48
(来源:劳动午报) 转自:劳动午报 孩子烧到39摄氏度,家里的奥司他韦能直接吃吗?感冒了,要不要加点头孢消炎?流感季的医院药房 里,这样的疑问每天都能听到一箩筐。北京大学人民医院药学部主任药师张海英、主管药师陈月为公众 详解流感用药的科学方法。 流感≠感冒,别吃错药 有些人一发烧就直奔药房买最贵的抗流感药,但连自己是不是流感都没搞清楚。这种盲目买药的行为不 仅浪费钱,还可能耽误病情。 简单说,流感和感冒二者区别就是三个"不一样": 病毒不一样 流感是甲型、乙型流感病毒引起的,传染性强;普通感冒多是鼻病毒、冠状病毒导致的, 传染性弱。 症状不一样 流感会导致发高烧(39-40℃),浑身肌肉酸痛、没力气,症状重;普通感冒多是鼻塞、流 鼻涕、喉咙痛,发烧也多是低热,症状轻。 用药不一样 流感及时用流感抗病毒药能防重症;普通感冒以缓解症状为主,可吃缓解症状的药,使用 抗病毒药无效。 误区1:发烧就用抗生素,越贵越好 "发烧不退,吃点消炎药。"这是医生临床中最常听到的话,但流感 是病毒引起的,抗生素只针对细菌,对病毒没用。 滥用抗生素不仅治不好流感,还会让细菌产生耐药 性,下次真的细菌感染了,再用这些药可能就不管用了, ...
感冒药怎么选?有哪些注意事项?专家详解
Ren Min Wang· 2025-12-19 11:38
发布会现场。人民网记者 丁亦鑫摄 人民网北京12月19日电 (记者丁亦鑫)市面上能买到很多感冒药,患者自己买药的时候怎么能挑选到适合自己的药,在服药的时候有哪些注意事项? 19日,国家卫生健康委召开新闻发布会,介绍时令节气与健康(冬至)有关情况。会上,北京大学人民医院主任医师马艳良回答了这一问题。 "如果确定是普通感冒,我们用药要记住八个字——对症治疗、安全用药。"马艳良介绍说,西药的感冒药一般有两个成份,第一种是减充血剂,常见的 是伪麻黄碱;第二种是抗过敏药,常见的是扑尔敏。这两种药物的组合就可以缓解常见的鼻子堵、打喷嚏、咳嗽、嗓子疼这类的症状。 马艳良还介绍了不同症状的用药参考。例如如果同时有发烧,超过38.5℃以上,或者是身上的酸痛、关节痛、头痛特别明显,也可以加一点退烧止痛 药,比如对乙酰氨基酚或者布洛芬。但这些感冒药经常是复方制剂的,所以一定要看它的成分,要注意这些药选一种就可以,尽量不要同时用,而且要看说 明书上的用药时间间隔,连续使用会容易过量。如果鼻塞症状特别明显,还可以加一点含有伪麻黄碱的鼻喷剂,它可以很好的收缩血管,所以鼻子可能一下 就通了,但这类药物建议使用不要超过一周,如果长期使用的话 ...
美国关税重大调整! 特朗普宣布豁免黄金、钨以及铀全球关税
智通财经网· 2025-09-06 04:41
Core Points - The article discusses significant tariff adjustments made by President Trump, exempting graphite, tungsten, uranium, gold bars, and other metals from the U.S. government's global tariff policy while including silicone products in the taxable category [1][2] - The adjustments are aimed at facilitating trade agreements with other countries and streamlining the process for implementing tariff changes without requiring new executive orders for each agreement [2][3] - The exemptions for gold, tungsten, and uranium are strategically important for financial stability, manufacturing, defense, and energy security, as they are critical materials that could impact key U.S. industries if subjected to tariffs [4][5] Group 1 - The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) and the Department of Commerce are now authorized to implement framework trade agreements with countries like the EU, Japan, and South Korea, reducing the need for Trump to issue new executive orders for each tariff change [2][3] - The exemptions include key materials used in aerospace, consumer electronics, and medical devices, which are vital for various technological sectors [3][4] - The decision to exempt these materials aligns with the goal of maintaining the resilience of critical domestic industries and ensuring national security [4][5] Group 2 - Tungsten is crucial for the U.S. military industry, particularly in high-performance weaponry, and is heavily reliant on imports due to its unique physical properties [5] - Uranium is essential for nuclear energy production, which is a focus of Trump's administration, as it aims to revitalize the U.S. nuclear power sector [5] - The adjustments reflect a broader strategy to address trade imbalances and enhance the competitiveness of U.S. industries while ensuring access to critical materials [2][4]