整理 | GLP1减重宝典内容团队 司美格鲁肽，这一因"显著减重效果"而广受关注的GLP-1类药物，近日迎来重要进展。其口服片剂正式获得美国食品药品监督管理局批 准用于体重管理。此前，司美格鲁肽注射剂已作为全球首个GLP-1类减重药物获批使用，并于去年在我国获准用于成人体重控制。此次 口服剂型的获批，再度点燃公众对"更轻松减重"的期待。 但减重真的只是"吃一片药"这么简单吗？ 版权声明：所有「GLP1减重宝典」的原创文章，转载须联系授权，并在文首/文末注明来源、作者、微信ID，否则减重宝典将向其追究法律责 任。部分文章推送时未能与原作者或公众号平台取得联系。若涉及版权问题，敬请原作者联系我们。合作事宜，请添加微信：andyxu365 从作用机制来看，司美格鲁肽并非通过直接"燃脂"实现体重下降。GLP-1是一种参与血糖与能量代谢调节的肠促胰岛素类激素，司美格 鲁肽作为其类似物，能够激活胰岛β细胞以及胃肠道和中枢神经系统相关受体，促进胰岛素分泌、抑制胰高血糖素释放，同时延缓胃排 空、通过中枢神经通路抑制食欲。其核心效果在于降低饥饿感、减少进食欲望，并延长餐后饱腹时间，从而自然减少能量摄入。 口服版与注射版在药理机 ...

近日，"明星药"司美格鲁肽口服版获美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于减重，其注射剂版此前作为全球 首个GLP-1类减重药物获批，受到广泛关注，去年我国批准司美格鲁肽注射液用于成人体重控制。此次 其口服片剂在美国获批，再次引发公众对"便捷变瘦变美"的热切期盼。 GLP-1类药物为什么能够帮助成人控制体重？其口服版提升了用药便利性，会不会造成药物滥用？带着 这些问题，科技日报记者12月25日采访了相关专家。 第一问：吃下或注射司美格鲁肽之后，体内会发生什么？ 很多人因为"明星药"认识了一个拗口的分子生物学名词GLP-1。GLP-1中文全称是胰高血糖素样肽-1， 它能根据血糖水平精准调控胰岛素和胰高血糖素分泌，司美格鲁肽是它的类似物。 "细胞上有很多与这类肽匹配的'锁'，被称为受体，只有和它们结合，才会'激活'细胞内的反应。"澳门 理工大学人工智能药物发现中心副教授李克峰告诉记者，这就好比体内的"钥匙"不够用了，从体外合成 了类似的"钥匙"进到体内，也能打开胰岛β细胞以及胃肠道、中枢神经系统等一些细胞膜上的"锁"，起 到促进胰岛素分泌、抑制胰高血糖素、延缓胃排空，通过中枢通路抑制食欲的作用。 "从机理可以看出，司美格鲁 ...

Core Viewpoint - The American College of Cardiology (ACC) has officially recognized semaglutide and tirzepatide as preferred medications for obesity treatment, marking a significant shift in the management of obesity and its associated cardiovascular risks [7][10]. Summary by Sections Breakthrough Therapies - Innovative drugs like semaglutide and tirzepatide not only significantly reduce weight but also provide additional cardiovascular protection for high-risk patients, particularly those with type 2 diabetes or existing cardiovascular diseases [10]. Obesity as a Health Threat - Obesity is highlighted as a serious health risk, leading to metabolic disorders, respiratory issues, and various heart diseases. It is recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases [11]. Weight Loss Thresholds - Different weight loss percentages yield varying cardiovascular benefits: a 10%-15% weight loss can reduce general cardiovascular risks, while heart failure patients may need to lose over 15% for significant improvement [12]. Treatment Options - The treatment landscape includes lifestyle interventions, weight loss surgery, and pharmacotherapy. The ACC suggests a reevaluation of the traditional approach of prioritizing lifestyle changes before medication [15]. Third-Generation Weight Loss Drugs - Semaglutide and tirzepatide represent a revolutionary choice in obesity management, with long-term efficacy and safety data supporting their use for weight loss [16]. Weight Loss Effectiveness - Comparative data shows that semaglutide leads to an average weight loss of 14.9%, while tirzepatide achieves an average of 20.9%, making it the most effective option currently available [18][20]. Long-Term Treatment Importance - Long-term treatment is crucial as stopping medication can lead to weight regain. Continuous use combined with lifestyle adjustments is essential for maintaining weight loss [21]. Accessibility and Economic Burden - The main challenges for semaglutide and tirzepatide include limited supply and high costs, which may affect patient access to these therapies [22]. Cardiovascular Benefits Beyond Weight Loss - The NuSH therapy not only aids in weight loss but also reduces the risk of heart attacks and strokes in obese patients without diabetes, and improves outcomes for heart failure patients [23]. Approved Weight Loss Medications in China - The 2024 guidelines in China have approved five medications for adult weight loss, emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach to obesity treatment [24].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a systematic review and network meta-analysis published in The Lancet, which evaluates the effectiveness and safety of seven weight loss medications for overweight and obese adults, highlighting that the combination of phentermine-topiramate and GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly semaglutide, show the most significant weight loss effects [5][19]. Research Methodology - The research team systematically searched three major databases: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until March 23, 2021, focusing on weight loss medications for overweight and obese adults [7]. - Exclusion criteria included studies with a crossover design, combination of multiple medications, participants with psychological disorders, pregnant women, normal weight individuals, and non-English publications [7]. Study Results - A total of 14,605 articles were screened, resulting in 132 studies included, with 48,209 participants. The median age of participants was 47 years, with a female proportion of 76% and a median BMI of 35.3 kg/m² [11]. - The study assessed the impact of seven medications on six outcome measures, including weight loss percentage, proportion of participants achieving 5% or 10% weight loss, quality of life improvement, reduction in depressive symptoms, and safety indicators [10]. Comparative Effectiveness - Compared to lifestyle modifications alone, all weight loss medications resulted in additional weight loss. Phentermine-topiramate showed the most significant weight loss effect, with an odds ratio (OR) of 8.02 for achieving a weight reduction of ≥5% and an average weight loss percentage of -7.98% [17]. - GLP-1 receptor agonists also demonstrated significant effects, with an OR of 6.33 for achieving a weight reduction of ≥5% and an average weight loss percentage of -5.79% [17]. Specific Drug Analysis - Among GLP-1 receptor agonists, semaglutide exhibited the most pronounced weight loss effects, with an OR of 9.82 for achieving a weight reduction of ≥5% and an average weight loss percentage of -11.40% [18]. - Safety data indicated that medications like naltrexone-bupropion, phentermine-topiramate, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and orlistat were associated with an increased risk of discontinuation due to adverse events [18]. Conclusion - The network meta-analysis provides high to moderate confidence evidence that phentermine-topiramate and GLP-1 receptor agonists, especially semaglutide, are the most effective weight loss medications, with average weight reductions ranging from 6% to 11% [19].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rising obesity rates in China, highlighting the need for effective weight management strategies and the increasing popularity of specialized weight loss clinics that offer comprehensive treatment plans [5][12][20]. Group 1: Obesity Statistics and Causes - According to the National Health Commission, the overweight rate in China is 34.3% and the obesity rate is 16.4%, indicating that over 700 million people are facing weight issues [5]. - Factors contributing to obesity include lifestyle pressures, unregulated diets, and mental health challenges, leading to the emergence of various weight loss methods [5][12]. Group 2: Weight Management Clinics - The year has been designated as the "Weight Management Year," prompting a surge in young people visiting nutrition clinics for professional weight loss advice [5][12]. - Modern medical approaches provide tailored weight loss plans, including dietary recommendations, exercise suggestions, and, when necessary, medication or surgery [5][12]. Group 3: Patient Experiences - Case studies of individuals like Ouyang and Manxiao illustrate the emotional and physical struggles associated with obesity, as well as their journeys through weight loss clinics [7][15]. - Patients undergo comprehensive assessments, including questionnaires about eating habits and physical conditions, to receive personalized treatment plans [9][11]. Group 4: Treatment Approaches - The treatment strategies involve lifestyle interventions, such as dietary adjustments and exercise regimens, with some patients opting for medication like GLP-1 receptor agonists under medical supervision [20][22]. - The article emphasizes that obesity is a chronic disease requiring a systematic approach, including lifestyle changes, medication, and possibly surgical options for severe cases [15][20]. Group 5: Long-term Management - Patients are encouraged to view weight management as a lifelong commitment, focusing on sustainable lifestyle changes rather than quick fixes [24]. - The experiences shared highlight the importance of professional guidance in navigating the complexities of weight loss and maintaining a healthy lifestyle [24].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a systematic review and network meta-analysis published in The Lancet, which evaluates the weight loss effects and safety of seven medications for overweight and obese adults, highlighting that the combination of phentermine-topiramate and GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly semaglutide, show the most significant weight loss potential [5][19]. Research Methodology - The research team systematically searched three major databases: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until March 23, 2021, focusing on weight loss medications for overweight and obese adults [7]. - Exclusion criteria included studies with a crossover design, those using multiple medications, participants with psychological disorders, pregnant women, normal-weight individuals, and non-English publications [7]. Study Results - A total of 14,605 articles were screened, resulting in 132 studies included, with 48,209 participants. The median age of participants was 47 years, with a female proportion of 76% and a median BMI of 35.3 kg/m² [11]. - The study assessed the impact of seven medications on six outcome measures, including weight loss percentage, proportion of participants achieving 5% or 10% weight loss, quality of life improvement, reduction in depressive symptoms, and safety indicators [10]. Comparative Effectiveness - Compared to lifestyle modifications alone, all weight loss medications provided additional weight reduction. Phentermine-topiramate showed the most significant effect, with an odds ratio (OR) of 8.02 for achieving a weight loss of ≥5% and an average weight reduction of -7.98% [17]. - GLP-1 receptor agonists also demonstrated substantial effects, with an OR of 6.33 for achieving a weight loss of ≥5% and an average weight reduction of -5.79% [17]. Specific Drug Analysis - Among GLP-1 receptor agonists, semaglutide exhibited the most pronounced weight loss effects, with an OR of 9.82 for achieving a weight loss of ≥5% and an average weight reduction of -11.40% [18]. - Safety data indicated that medications like naltrexone-bupropion, phentermine-topiramate, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and orlistat were associated with an increased risk of discontinuation due to adverse events [18]. Conclusion - The network meta-analysis provides high to moderate confidence evidence that phentermine-topiramate and GLP-1 receptor agonists, especially semaglutide, are the most effective weight loss medications, with average weight reductions ranging from 6% to 11% [19].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current landscape of weight loss medications in China, focusing on the differences between new-generation GLP-1 drugs and traditional weight loss medications, highlighting their mechanisms, efficacy, and safety profiles [4][7]. Group 1: Overview of Weight Loss Medications - There are six weight loss drugs currently approved in China, including three new-generation GLP-1 drugs: Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, and Mounjaro, and three traditional drugs: Benaglutide, Liraglutide, and Orlistat [4][7]. - New-generation GLP-1 drugs have longer action times and more significant weight loss effects compared to first-generation drugs [4][6]. Group 2: Mechanisms and Administration - The six weight loss drugs differ in their mechanisms of action and target populations, with new-generation drugs showing better safety and efficacy [7]. - All approved GLP-1 weight loss medications are currently available only as subcutaneous injections, with no oral versions available yet [6]. Group 3: Indications and Contraindications - Weight loss medications should be considered for patients who have not achieved a weight loss of at least 5% after three months of lifestyle intervention, even for those who are merely overweight without complications [9]. - A comprehensive assessment is necessary before starting medication, especially for high-risk populations such as the elderly or those with liver and kidney dysfunction [10]. Group 4: Clinical Application Process - Diagnosis of obesity or overweight should consider BMI, metabolic indicators, and related comorbidities, with obesity defined as BMI ≥ 28 kg/m² [12]. - The selection of medications should prioritize those with additional clinical benefits for patients with comorbid conditions like type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular diseases [13]. Group 5: Monitoring and Management - Regular monitoring of body composition and metabolic indicators is essential, with evaluations occurring monthly during the initial three months and quarterly thereafter [16]. - For elderly patients, careful consideration of muscle mass and potential drug interactions is crucial, with recommendations for dose adjustments based on renal and hepatic function [19].

Core Viewpoint - The American College of Cardiology (ACC) has officially recognized semaglutide and tirzepatide as preferred medications for obesity treatment, marking a significant shift in obesity management strategies [4][7]. Group 1: Breakthrough Therapies - Innovative drugs like semaglutide and tirzepatide not only significantly reduce weight but also provide additional cardiovascular protection for high-risk patients, effectively lowering the risks of cardiovascular death, heart attacks, and strokes [10]. - These medications represent the most effective weight loss solutions currently available, particularly for patients with type 2 diabetes or existing cardiovascular diseases [10]. Group 2: Obesity as a Health Threat - Obesity is highlighted as a critical health risk, contributing to metabolic disorders, respiratory issues, and various heart diseases, and is recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases [11]. - The consensus emphasizes that obesity is not merely an aesthetic issue but a serious health concern that requires urgent attention [11]. Group 3: Weight Loss Thresholds - Research indicates that different degrees of weight loss yield varying cardiovascular benefits: a 10%-15% weight loss can reduce general cardiovascular risks, while heart failure patients may need to lose over 15% for significant improvements [12]. - The treatment options include lifestyle interventions, weight loss surgery, and pharmacotherapy, with the latter being increasingly favored due to its effectiveness and safety [12][13]. Group 4: NuSH Therapy Advantages - NuSH therapy, which includes semaglutide and tirzepatide, is praised for its unique advantages, including targeting appetite regulation and allowing for personalized dosage adjustments to achieve optimal results [19]. - The therapy is seen as a pivotal advancement in obesity treatment, ushering in an era of precision medicine [13]. Group 5: Comparison of Weight Loss Medications - Semaglutide (weekly) leads to an average weight loss of 14.9%, while tirzepatide (weekly) shows the highest efficacy with an average weight loss of 20.9% [18][20]. - Other medications like liraglutide (daily) result in an average weight loss of 8% [18]. Group 6: Long-term Treatment and Challenges - Long-term treatment is crucial, as discontinuation can lead to weight regain; thus, a combination of medication and lifestyle changes is essential for maintaining weight loss [21]. - Current challenges include limited availability and high costs of semaglutide and tirzepatide, which may hinder accessibility for patients [22]. Group 7: Cardiovascular Benefits Beyond Weight Loss - The benefits of NuSH therapy extend beyond weight reduction, with semaglutide reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes in non-diabetic obese patients, and improving exercise capacity in heart failure patients [23]. - Treatment goals should be individualized, focusing on weight loss of at least 5% to improve metabolic health and 10% for cardiovascular benefits [23].

Financial Performance - The company repaid all acquisition loans to AVIC Trust amounting to 830 million yuan using self-owned and self-raised funds [1] - For the first half of 2025, the company achieved a total revenue of 179.79 million yuan [2] - The company aims to ensure the completion of its annual operational goals and mitigate delisting risks [3] Employee Information - As of December 31, 2024, the total number of employees is 383, excluding the subsidiary Ruien Pharmaceutical [2] Restructuring Plans - The company is currently in the pre-restructuring phase, with the Chongqing Fifth Intermediate People's Court completing the filing for pre-restructuring [3] - There is significant uncertainty regarding whether the company will formally enter the restructuring process [3] - The company signed restructuring investment agreements with strategic investors in September 2025, which may lead to changes in control [3][4] Debt and Compensation - The company is actively pursuing the collection of performance compensation from individuals, with a total of 135 million yuan already paid by Kou Han and 21.41 million yuan by Lin Jiaxi, leaving outstanding balances of 311.99 million yuan and 22.70 million yuan respectively [5][6] - The company is conducting a debt review as part of the pre-restructuring process, with specific figures to be disclosed in future announcements [5] Future Outlook - The company is focused on improving its core business operations and exploring partnerships to enhance market demand [8] - The introduction of strategic investors is expected to provide financial and operational support to improve the company's performance [9][10] - The company plans to implement a capital increase through the conversion of capital reserves, with a proposed ratio of 10 shares for every 4.8 shares issued [13][14]

Core Viewpoint - *ST Huicheng has selected Zhi'en Biotechnology as the restructuring investor during its pre-restructuring phase, but no formal agreement has been signed yet, leaving future collaboration uncertain [1][2] Group 1: Company Developments - *ST Huicheng has experienced a stock price increase of 15.83% over three consecutive trading days, followed by a decline of 4.95% on the latest trading day, closing at 4.80 yuan [1] - The company has initiated the recruitment of restructuring investors since August 9, with three potential investors meeting the requirements and submitting their materials [1] - Zhi'en Biotechnology was selected as the restructuring investor based on a comprehensive evaluation of submitted restructuring investment proposals [1][2] Group 2: Zhi'en Biotechnology Overview - Zhi'en Biotechnology, established in April 2001, focuses on building a drug lifecycle management service system and holds various qualifications, including being a national high-tech enterprise [2] - The company has over 50 products, including key medications such as orlistat capsules for weight loss and donepezil hydrochloride tablets for Alzheimer's disease [2][3] - Zhi'en Biotechnology is the largest global supplier of orlistat, having achieved full synthetic industrial production of the active pharmaceutical ingredient [3] Group 3: Previous Collaborations - Prior to the restructuring investment selection, *ST Huicheng and Zhi'en Biotechnology had collaborated, with *ST Huicheng acquiring a 51% stake in Chongqing Rui'en Pharmaceutical for 47 million yuan [4] - The biopharmaceutical business, including Rui'en Pharmaceutical, has become a significant revenue contributor for *ST Huicheng, accounting for 57.41% of its revenue in the first half of the year [4] - Rui'en Pharmaceutical reported a revenue of 122 million yuan and a net profit of 23.44 million yuan in the first half of the year [4]