Core Insights - The internal combustion engine (ICE) industry in China has shown stable development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with continuous growth in import and export trade, leading to improved quality, efficiency, and competitiveness [1] - The 2025 Internal Combustion Engine Industry Development Conference was held in Nanjing, focusing on themes of "green, intelligent, innovative, and collaborative" [1] Group 1: Industry Contributions and Challenges - The ICE industry has made significant contributions to energy conservation and emission reduction, but faces challenges in pollutant emissions that require strengthened standards, regulatory oversight, and institutional support [3] - The China Internal Combustion Engine Industry Association aims to maintain industry order and foster an environment conducive to innovation and development [3] Group 2: Market Trends and Innovations - Reports presented at the conference highlighted the synergy between internal combustion engines and electric motors, with hybrid and range-extended vehicles emerging as new growth drivers for the automotive sector [3] - The future of ICEs remains strong, driven by technological innovation and market demand, despite the rise of electric vehicles [3] Group 3: Fuel Quality and Environmental Standards - The fuel products are continuously upgraded to meet evolving emission regulations, with a focus on quality standards and green transformation to support the ICE industry's transition [4] - The reports discussed advancements in zero-carbon and low-carbon fuel technologies, which are essential for enhancing ICE performance and facilitating industrialization [4] Group 4: Corporate Innovations and Solutions - Companies like Weichai Power and Yuchai Machinery are focusing on low-carbon and zero-carbon fuel research, with significant advancements in hydrogen and methanol engines [5] - Changan Automobile is concentrating on high-efficiency, clean ICEs and integrated powertrain systems, aiming to enhance efficiency and promote electrification and intelligence in power systems [5] Group 5: Future Outlook - The "15th Five-Year Plan" will be a critical period for achieving modernization and industrial transformation in China, with a focus on high-quality development and the transition of the ICE industry towards low-carbon, intelligent, and green solutions [7] - The ICE industry is expected to play a vital role in achieving national goals for carbon peak and carbon neutrality, driving sustainable development [7]

Core Viewpoint - The shipping industry is undergoing a silent yet profound revolution driven by global climate governance and energy transformation, with a focus on decarbonization and technological innovation [1] Group 1: System Reconstruction - Electrification represents a fundamental change in the shipping industry, shifting from mechanical to electric drive systems, requiring a complete overhaul of energy distribution and propulsion systems [2] - European companies like ABB and Wärtsilä are leading with integrated energy platforms, while Chinese firms are rapidly catching up in the back-end of the supply chain, showcasing significant advancements in battery technology [3] - Hybrid power solutions are gaining traction in new builds and retrofits, allowing vessels to achieve zero emissions in emission control areas while maintaining operational efficiency [3] Group 2: Economic Challenges - The initial capital expenditure for advanced electric systems can be 20%-40% higher than traditional vessels, necessitating new business models and financial innovations to absorb the green premium [4] - Financial institutions in China are providing preferential loans for green vessels, and energy management contracts are being explored to lower the barriers for technology adoption [4] Group 3: Automation to Autonomy - The shift towards data-driven operations is transforming the industry from single-vessel automation to integrated ship-shore smart operations, enhancing fuel efficiency and predictive maintenance [5][6] - Chinese companies are developing digital infrastructure for smart shipping, while advancements in autonomous navigation technologies are being made, indicating a growing domestic capability [6] Group 4: Decarbonization Challenges - The choice of green fuels such as LNG, methanol, ammonia, and hydrogen presents a complex dilemma, with each option facing scrutiny regarding its lifecycle carbon emissions [8] - The lack of global infrastructure for green fuel supply creates a "chicken and egg" problem, hindering investment in green fuel-powered vessels [8][9] Group 5: Global Collaboration and Governance - China's infrastructure development for charging and refueling facilities along domestic waterways serves as a testing ground for future global applications, but significant international cooperation and investment are required to replicate this success globally [9] - The future success of the shipping industry's transformation will depend on collaborative efforts across the global ecosystem, including diverse technological paths, innovative business models, and inclusive governance frameworks [10]

Core Insights - Horse Powertrain, a new powertrain giant formed by Aurobay and Renault's Horse Technology, aims to provide a practical and efficient transition path for the automotive industry towards carbon neutrality [1] Group 1: Company Overview - Horse Powertrain inherits 125 years of powertrain R&D from Renault and Geely, with 17 production bases and 5 R&D centers globally, employing 19,000 people [2] - The company generates annual revenue of €15 billion and produces over 8 million powertrain products, serving over 130 countries and regions, making it one of the top three powertrain companies worldwide [2] Group 2: Technology and Product Offerings - Horse Powertrain's product line includes hybrid systems, alternative fuel solutions (methanol, ethanol, hydrogen, and synthetic fuels), and range extender systems [3] - The integration of technologies from Renault, Volvo, and Geely allows Horse Powertrain to cover 80% of global market demand, providing complete power solutions for various vehicle sizes [3] Group 3: Strategic Goals and Market Position - The company aims to become a global leader in efficient internal combustion and hybrid powertrains by 2035, focusing on innovation, financial excellence, market share, corporate culture, and customer collaboration [4] - Horse Powertrain's global scale advantages in procurement, R&D, manufacturing, and sales enable it to offer large-scale production solutions and system integration services to OEMs [4]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company [6] Core Views - The company achieved a revenue of 1.384 billion yuan in H1 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 9.11%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 188 million yuan, up 23.91% year-on-year [1] - The company has secured over 1.5 billion yuan in orders for its two-machine business, with significant progress in partnerships with major global clients [3] - The nuclear power business is experiencing an upswing, with multiple contracts signed for nuclear power projects [4] - The low-altitude economy segment is advancing with a focus on engine and aircraft integration, targeting high-altitude and cold-weather markets [5] - Profit forecasts for 2025-2027 project net profits of 420 million, 574 million, and 801 million yuan respectively [5] Financial Data Summary - Revenue for 2023 is projected at 2.412 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 9.75% [11] - The net profit attributable to shareholders for 2025 is estimated at 419.51 million yuan, reflecting a growth rate of 46.49% [12] - The company’s EBITDA for 2025 is expected to be 849.74 million yuan [11] - The earnings per share (EPS) for 2025 is projected to be 0.62 yuan [12] - The price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio for 2025 is estimated at 45.26 [12]