Core Points - The Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs announced export controls on superhard materials, rare earth equipment and raw materials, heavy rare earths, lithium batteries, and artificial graphite anode materials, effective from November 8, 2025 [22][27] - The export control measures are in accordance with the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China and are aimed at maintaining national security and fulfilling international non-proliferation obligations [22][27] Group 1: Superhard Materials - Export controls will be implemented on artificial diamond micro-powder with an average particle size less than or equal to 50 μm and artificial diamond single crystals with an average particle size greater than 50 μm and less than or equal to 500 μm [1] - Specific characteristics for controlled items include diamond wire saws and diamond grinding wheels with defined parameters such as wire diameter and average particle size [1][2] Group 2: Rare Earth Equipment and Raw Materials - Export controls will apply to various rare earth production and processing equipment, including centrifuge extraction equipment and ion-type rare earth ore intelligent continuous impurity removal equipment [3][4] - The announcement includes detailed specifications for controlled items such as roasting kilns, extraction tanks, and various types of furnaces used in rare earth processing [3][4][5] Group 3: Heavy Rare Earths - Export controls will be placed on materials related to holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, and ytterbium, including metals, alloys, compounds, and various forms of target materials [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] - The controlled items encompass a wide range of applications, including magnetic materials and crystal materials [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][20] Group 4: Lithium Batteries and Graphite Anode Materials - Export controls will be enforced on rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with a weight energy density greater than or equal to 300 Wh/kg, along with equipment used in their manufacturing [22][23] - Specific controls will also apply to positive electrode materials, including lithium iron phosphate and ternary precursor materials, as well as artificial and natural graphite anode materials [22][25][26]

Group 1 - The Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs announced export controls on superhard materials, rare earth equipment and raw materials, heavy rare earths, lithium batteries, and artificial graphite anode materials, effective from November 8, 2025 [42] - The export controls are based on the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China and are aimed at maintaining national security and fulfilling international non-proliferation obligations [42] - The controlled items include artificial diamond powders, single crystals, diamond wire saws, diamond grinding wheels, and various rare earth production and processing equipment [2][6][19] Group 2 - Specific items under control include artificial diamond micro-powders with an average particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, and single crystals with an average particle size between 50 μm and 500 μm [2] - Rare earth production equipment includes centrifuge extraction devices, ion-type rare earth ore intelligent continuous impurity removal equipment with a daily processing capacity of at least 5000 m³, and various types of furnaces and reactors [7][8][19] - Lithium battery-related items include rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with a weight energy density of at least 300 Wh/kg and equipment used for manufacturing these batteries [31][35] Group 3 - The announcement emphasizes that the controlled items have significant dual-use attributes, and the measures are in line with international practices [42] - The Chinese government is open to maintaining stable global supply chains and will review legitimate export applications for approval [42] - The updated export control list will be published simultaneously with the implementation of these measures [5][18][41]

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs of China announced the implementation of export control measures on certain dual-use items, including rare earth materials, lithium batteries, and artificial graphite anode materials, effective from November 8, 2025. This action aims to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations regarding non-proliferation [1][2][3]. Group 1: Export Control Items - The export control measures will cover various items, including: - Rare earth elements such as holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, and ytterbium, along with their alloys and compounds [3][5][7][9][11][13][15][19][21][23][25][27][29][31][33][35][37][39][41][43][45][47][49]. - Lithium batteries with a weight energy density of 300 Wh/kg or higher, and equipment used for manufacturing these batteries [19][20][22][24][26][28]. - Artificial diamond materials, including micro-powders and specific types of diamond saws and grinding wheels [31][32][34][36][38][40][42][44]. Group 2: Compliance and Application Process - Exporters must apply for permission from the Ministry of Commerce for the export of controlled items, ensuring the authenticity of the goods and compliance with the regulations [16][27][50]. - The customs declaration must clearly indicate whether the items are dual-use and include the relevant export control codes [16][50].

Core Viewpoint The announcement by the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs of China outlines new export controls on specific rare earth production and processing equipment to safeguard national security and fulfill international non-proliferation obligations. The measures will take effect on November 8, 2025, and require exporters to apply for licenses for the controlled items. Group 1: Export Control Items - The export control list includes various types of rare earth production and processing equipment, such as centrifugal extraction devices and ion-type rare earth mineral continuous removal equipment with a daily leaching liquid capacity of at least 5000 m³ [1][2]. - Specific equipment characteristics are detailed, including roasting kilns with dimensions ranging from Φ1.8×20 m to Φ4.6×80 m and reaction temperatures not exceeding 850 ℃ [2][3]. - Additional controlled items include extraction tanks, ion adsorption devices, and various types of reactors and furnaces used in rare earth processing [3][4][5]. Group 2: Compliance Requirements - Exporters must apply for licenses in accordance with the Export Control Law and the Two-way Control Regulations for Dual-use Items, ensuring the authenticity of the goods being exported [11][12]. - The customs declaration must clearly indicate whether the items are controlled, with specific codes noted for dual-use items, and any items that are not controlled but closely resemble controlled items must also be properly annotated [11][12]. - The announcement emphasizes the importance of accurate and complete reporting of item specifications to avoid customs questioning, which could delay the release of exported goods [11].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has announced export controls on various dual-use items, including superhard materials, rare earth equipment and raw materials, heavy rare earths, lithium batteries, and artificial graphite anode materials, effective from November 8, 2025, to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations [2][5][34]. Group 1: Export Control on Superhard Materials - Export controls will be implemented on artificial diamond micro-powder with an average particle size less than or equal to 50 μm and artificial diamond single crystals with an average particle size between 50 μm and 500 μm [6]. - Specific characteristics for controlled items include diamond wire saws and diamond grinding wheels with defined parameters such as wire diameter and average particle size [6][8]. Group 2: Export Control on Rare Earth Equipment and Raw Materials - The announcement includes controls on various rare earth production and processing equipment, such as centrifuge extraction devices and ion-type rare earth ore continuous removal equipment with a daily leaching capacity of at least 5000 m³ [7][8]. - Controlled rare earth raw materials include specific types of rare earth ores and flotation agents containing hydroxamic acid or phosphate esters [11][13]. Group 3: Export Control on Heavy Rare Earths - Export controls will be applied to items related to holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, and ytterbium, including metals, alloys, compounds, and various forms of these materials [17][19][21][23][25]. - The controls encompass a wide range of applications, including magnetic materials and crystal materials containing these elements [18][20][22][24][26]. Group 4: Export Control on Lithium Batteries and Graphite Anode Materials - Lithium-ion batteries with a weight energy density of 300 Wh/kg or greater will be subject to export controls, along with equipment used in their manufacturing, such as winding machines and stacking machines [34][35]. - The announcement also includes controls on cathode materials, specifically lithium iron phosphate and nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide, as well as artificial graphite anode materials [37][41]. Group 5: Rationale Behind Export Controls - The Chinese government emphasizes that these export controls are in line with international practices to protect national security and interests, and they are not aimed at any specific country or region [42]. - The government is open to facilitating compliant trade and will review legitimate export applications accordingly [42].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has announced export controls on superhard materials, rare earth equipment, lithium batteries, and artificial graphite anode materials, effective from November 8, 2025, to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations [2][10][27]. Group 1: Export Control Measures - The export control measures are based on the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China and are aimed at items with dual-use characteristics, ensuring compliance with international practices [2][10]. - The controlled items include superhard materials, rare earth equipment, lithium batteries, and artificial graphite anode materials, which are critical for various industries [2][10][27]. Group 2: Specific Items Under Control - Specific items under control include: - Artificial diamond micro-powder with an average particle size of less than or equal to 50 μm [6]. - Rare earth production and processing equipment, such as ion-exchange rare earth mineral intelligent continuous impurity removal equipment with a daily processing capacity of at least 5000 m³ [10]. - Lithium-ion batteries with a weight energy density of at least 300 Wh/kg [27]. Group 3: Compliance and Application Process - Exporters must apply for permits for the controlled items and are responsible for the authenticity of the goods declared [8][27]. - The customs will question any declarations that are incomplete or raise doubts about their authenticity, and goods will not be released during the questioning period [8][27]. Group 4: International Cooperation - The Chinese government expresses willingness to engage in bilateral dialogues regarding export control policies to facilitate compliant trade and maintain global supply chain stability [2][10].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs of China have announced export controls on various items including superhard materials, certain rare earth equipment and raw materials, lithium batteries, and artificial graphite anode materials to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations [1][2][5][8][13]. Summary by Categories Export Controls on Lithium Batteries and Related Items - Export controls will be implemented on rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with a weight energy density of 300 Wh/kg or more, including battery cells and packs [2]. - Equipment used for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries, such as winding machines, stacking machines, and injection machines, will also be subject to export controls [2]. - The announcement includes restrictions on technologies used for producing controlled lithium battery items [2]. Export Controls on Cathode Materials - Cathode materials with a packing density of 2.5 g/cm³ or more and a specific capacity of 156 mAh/g, such as lithium iron phosphate, will be controlled [2]. - Precursors for ternary cathode materials, including nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide and nickel-cobalt-aluminum hydroxide, are also included in the export restrictions [2]. Export Controls on Anode Materials - Artificial graphite anode materials and mixed anode materials made from artificial and natural graphite are subject to export controls [2]. - Equipment for producing graphite anode materials, such as granulation and graphitization equipment, will require export licenses [3][11]. Export Controls on Rare Earth Materials and Equipment - Export controls will be applied to various rare earth items, including specific furnaces and equipment used in the production and processing of rare earth materials [5][8]. - The announcement includes controls on rare earth ores and extraction agents used in the production process [13]. Implementation Date - The export controls will take effect on November 8, 2025, and the list of controlled items will be updated accordingly [4][12][17].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs of China announced the implementation of export controls on certain rare earth equipment and raw materials to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations [1][2][3]. Group 1: Export Control Items - Export controls will apply to various rare earth production and processing equipment, including centrifuge extraction devices and ion-type rare earth mineral continuous removal equipment with a daily processing capacity of 5000 m³ or more [1][2]. - Specific equipment characteristics are outlined, such as roasting kilns with dimensions ranging from Φ1.8×20 m to Φ4.6×80 m and reaction temperatures not exceeding 850 ℃ [1][2]. - Additional controlled items include extraction tanks, ion adsorption devices, and various types of furnaces and reactors used in rare earth processing [1][2][3]. Group 2: Raw Materials and Chemicals - The announcement includes controls on rare earth raw materials, such as specific types of rare earth minerals and extraction agents [5][6]. - Exporters must apply for licenses for controlled items and ensure accurate declaration of goods, including marking controlled items on customs declarations [4][6]. - The list of controlled items will be updated in accordance with the "Export Control List of Dual-Use Items" [6].