一杯奶茶该有多甜？ 在中国，点"三分糖"是常态，甚至"零糖"成了新时尚；而在美国，蜜雪冰城推出的"200%糖"选项，当地 人竟还觉得不够甜…… 这背后是人均食糖量的惊人差距：2021年，中国人年均消费10.5公斤，而美国人高达34.1公斤，是我们 的三倍多。 为什么美国人这么爱糖，而我们却似乎"甜不起来"？ 历史的文化就不同。 美国饮食很早把糖当"能量燃料"，而古代中国糖是珍贵的"提鲜配角"。 在18世纪末，北美殖民地的食糖消费已经较为普遍，糖成为居民饮食中的一部分。 而有研究推算，在18世纪的"康乾盛世"，中国年人均蔗糖保有量可能不足0.4公斤。 现代的推手更关键。 美国通过农业补贴让高果糖玉米糖浆便宜如水，并广泛添加到面包、饼干等日常 食品中，形成"无处不在的隐形糖"。 更关键的是，在很长一段时间里，美国并没有强制要求食品标注"添加糖"，消费者在不知不觉中吃下了 远超想象的糖分。 美国网友的吐槽道出了真相："糖无处不在，除非自己从头做，否则很难避开。" 甜味能让人脑产生多巴胺，带来愉悦感，民众越吃越甜，最终集体成瘾。美国人日均摄入添加糖高达约 77克，是世卫建议上限的三倍多。 而中国的路径恰恰相反。 当糖 ...

Group 1 - Coca-Cola has agreed to use real cane sugar in its cola beverages sold in the U.S., as announced by President Trump [1] - Currently, Coca-Cola sells a version of its cola made with cane sugar in Mexico, but it has not confirmed whether all U.S. beverages will switch to cane sugar [1] - The original Coca-Cola sold in the U.S. uses high fructose corn syrup, which is derived from corn and is widely used due to its stability, lower cost, and higher sweetness [1] Group 2 - According to the USDA, cane sugar is expected to account for about 30% of domestic sugar supply in the 2025-2026 period, with the remainder coming from beet sugar and imports [2] - Following the announcement, shares of corn syrup manufacturer Archer-Daniels-Midland (ADM) fell by as much as 8% in after-hours trading, while Coca-Cola's stock remained relatively unchanged [2] - The president of the American Corn Refiners Association criticized the move to replace high fructose corn syrup with cane sugar, arguing it could lead to job losses in the U.S. food manufacturing sector and increased imports of foreign sugar without nutritional benefits [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant impact of high fructose consumption, particularly during early life, on neurodevelopment and the potential increase in anxiety disorders in adolescents. It highlights the mechanisms by which fructose affects microglial function and brain development, emphasizing the role of the GLUT5 protein in this process [1][3][11]. Group 1: Fructose Consumption and Health Implications - Fructose is a common sugar that has been widely used in food and beverages, often perceived as a "healthy sugar" due to its low glycemic index and high sweetness [1]. - Over the past 50 years, fructose consumption has surged, primarily due to the use of high fructose corn syrup in processed foods and drinks, which is linked to metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver [1][6]. - Excessive fructose intake has also been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and anxiety disorders, particularly among adolescents [1][6]. Group 2: Research Findings on Fructose and Neurodevelopment - A study published in Nature indicates that high fructose intake during early life impairs microglial phagocytosis and neurodevelopment, potentially leading to increased anxiety risk later in life [2][3][11]. - The research found that high fructose consumption significantly reduces the phagocytic activity of microglial cells in the brains of young mice, which is crucial for clearing dead neurons and ensuring proper brain development [5][7]. - The negative effects of high fructose on brain function are mediated by the GLUT5 protein, which is responsible for fructose transport into cells. The absence of GLUT5 can reverse the adverse effects of high fructose on microglial function [7][9]. Group 3: Implications for Dietary Habits - The findings suggest that early life exposure to high fructose may lead to cognitive deficits and anxiety-like behaviors during adolescence, highlighting the importance of dietary choices during pregnancy and early childhood [9][16]. - The research team is exploring fructose analogs as potential substitutes to mitigate the negative impacts of fructose in modern diets, acknowledging the challenges in changing dietary habits [12][13].