临床医生表示，这种现象正在对现实世界的心理健康治疗产生深远的影响。不列颠哥伦比亚大学的精神 病学家兼研究员安东尼·杨说，他接触到"两种关于多动症的看法"：一种是社交媒体上讨论的，另一种 是他从实际患者身上看到的。在网上，关于多动症的内容往往过于笼统，将一些其实很常见的行为规纳 入疾病的诊断标准。有人会在刷到心理视频后去找医生咨询，但有时这种先入为主、对号入座的观念会 使诊断变得更加困难。 短视频平台使用算法技术来选择为用户推送哪些内容，并为用户提供"观看"或"跳过"两个主要选项。据 《华盛顿邮报》的分析，平均而言，用户需要跳过1.3条视频才能抵消观看一个完整萌宠类视频的影 响；但对于心理健康类视频，用户需要跳过2.2条才能消除其影响。平均而言，用户刷到的500条视频 中，约有16条是有关心理健康主题的。你观看这些视频时的行为会影响平台推送。如果你选择跳过两条 心理视频，接下来平台给你推荐的相似视频会减少7.8条；但如果你只跳过一条，接下来你刷到的心理 视频会增加2.3条。 数据显示，关于精神疾病和神经系统差异的内容在社交媒体应用上非常受欢迎，贴上"心理健康"标签的 帖子数量几乎与使用"运动"标签的帖子数量相当 ...

近期的科学流言榜，有一则关于"性格开朗、爱笑的人不会得抑郁症"的流言引发关注。事实真的如此 吗？专家介绍，抑郁症具有很强的隐蔽性，甚至有的抑郁症患者看起来还特别开朗爱笑，这就是医学上 的"微笑抑郁症"。 微笑抑郁症也叫作阳光型抑郁症，是抑郁症的一种特殊类型。与人们印象当中抑郁症患者悲观惆怅、萎 靡不振的形象不同，微笑抑郁症患者看上去往往积极上进、开朗活泼，殊不知在他们乐观的假面之下， 隐藏的却是深深的悲观情绪。 首都医科大学附属北京安定医院临床心理中心主任 沙莎：我们在临床心理观察当中会发现，有一部分 病人会用开朗来防御自己的情绪低落、悲观、内向等等这些特点，所以说性格开朗并不意味着这个人内 心当中一定是开朗的，有可能他故意戴上人格面具来呈现一个开朗乐观的状态，实际他的内心是非常敏 感脆弱，而且很恐惧别人对自己有负面评价。这类人，其实他越开朗，他可能内部的悲伤会越多。 专家指出，微笑抑郁症和普通抑郁症最大的区别在于藏得太深。根据临床经验，微笑抑郁症更容易出现 在具有一定社会身份、学识高，事业有所成就的人身上，且患者以男性居多。从职业角度来看，都市白 领和服务行业从业者是微笑抑郁症的高发人群。 误解二：抑郁症就 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article addresses common misconceptions about mental health and treatment, emphasizing the importance of understanding mental disorders and the role of both medication and therapy in treatment [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Group 1: Misconceptions about Psychological Treatment - Misconception 1: Psychological therapy is merely chatting; it is a structured, goal-oriented process requiring professional techniques [3]. - Misconception 2: Medication alone suffices for mental illness; combined treatment with therapy is more effective for conditions like depression and anxiety [4]. - Misconception 3: Psychiatric medications are addictive and impair cognitive function; most psychiatric drugs are non-addictive and help restore cognitive balance [5][6]. Group 2: Misunderstandings about Mental Disorders - Misconception 4: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is just a preference for cleanliness; it involves uncontrollable thoughts and behaviors that significantly disrupt daily life [7]. - Misconception 5: Anxiety disorders are just normal stress; they are persistent and can severely impact daily functioning [8]. - Misconception 6: All individuals with mental illness are violent; most mental disorders do not correlate with violent behavior [9]. Group 3: Stigmas and Awareness - Misconception 7: Simple encouragement can help those in mental distress; genuine understanding and professional help are necessary for effective support [10][11]. - Misconception 8: Children do not experience mental health issues; they can face various psychological problems that are often overlooked [12][13]. - Misconception 9: Memory loss and depression in the elderly are normal aging signs; these symptoms can indicate serious health issues that require medical attention [14][15].

Core Insights - The study led by scientists from Leipzig University demonstrates that mutations in the GRIN2A gene can cause mental disorders, marking it as the first known single gene responsible for such conditions [1][1][1] Summary by Categories Research Findings - The research published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry analyzed data from 121 individuals with genetic variations in the GRIN2A gene [1] - Certain variants of the GRIN2A gene are associated not only with schizophrenia but also with other mental disorders [1] - Notably, some individuals affected by mental disorders only exhibit psychiatric symptoms, while GRIN2A mutations are typically linked to epilepsy or intellectual disabilities [1] Implications - The GRIN2A gene plays a crucial role in regulating the electrical excitability of nerve cells, with specific variants leading to reduced NMDA receptor activity, which is essential for brain signaling [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article addresses common misconceptions about psychiatry and mental health, emphasizing that mental disorders are a broad category encompassing various conditions beyond just schizophrenia, and that seeking help is a normal and necessary step towards recovery [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Misconceptions about Mental Health - Misconception 1: Mental illness is synonymous with schizophrenia, while in reality, it includes a wide range of disorders such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia, with schizophrenia being a rare condition at a lifetime prevalence of only 0.6% in China [3] - Misconception 2: Mental illness is a sign of personal weakness; however, it is caused by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors, and is linked to brain function abnormalities [4] - Misconception 3: Seeking psychiatric help is shameful; in fact, millions globally seek mental health services, and it is becoming a common health management choice [5][6] - Misconception 4: Only those who have experienced significant trauma develop mental illness; many patients have no history of major stressors, as biological factors often play a more significant role [7] - Misconception 5: Only introverted individuals suffer from depression; in reality, various factors contribute to mental illness, and both introverted and extroverted individuals can be affected [8] - Misconception 6: Depression is merely feeling sad; clinically, it is a serious disorder characterized by persistent low mood and can lead to severe consequences if untreated [9] - Misconception 7: Psychologists and psychiatrists are the same; they have different training and roles, with psychiatrists being medical doctors who can prescribe medication [10][11] - Misconception 8: Psychiatrists only prescribe medication; their role includes comprehensive diagnosis, treatment planning, and the potential for psychological therapy [12]

Core Viewpoint - The article aims to clarify common misconceptions about psychiatry and mental health, emphasizing that mental illnesses are complex medical conditions rather than personal weaknesses or character flaws [2][3][4]. Misconceptions about Mental Health - Misconception 1: Mental illness is synonymous with schizophrenia. In reality, schizophrenia is just one of many mental disorders, with more prevalent conditions being depression, anxiety, and insomnia. A 2019 epidemiological survey indicated that the lifetime prevalence of various mental disorders in China (excluding Alzheimer's disease) is 16.6%, with anxiety disorders at 7.6% and depression at 6.8% [3]. - Misconception 2: Mental illness reflects a lack of character strength. Mental disorders arise from a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors, and are closely linked to brain function abnormalities. For instance, depression is associated with serotonin dysfunction, while schizophrenia relates to dopamine imbalance [4]. - Misconception 3: Seeking psychiatric help is shameful. This stigma often stems from misconceptions equating mental illness with insanity. Mental health issues exist on a spectrum, and seeking help is a step towards recovery [5]. - Misconception 4: Only those who have experienced significant trauma develop mental illnesses. The causes of mental disorders are complex, involving both biological and environmental factors. Many patients do not have a history of major trauma before their illness [8]. - Misconception 5: Only introverted or reclusive individuals suffer from depression. Depression results from multiple factors, and personality traits are just one aspect. Extroverted individuals can also experience mental health issues due to emotional exhaustion from maintaining a façade of positivity [9]. - Misconception 6: Depression is merely feeling sad or being overly sensitive. Clinically, depression (or depressive disorder) is characterized by persistent low mood and can lead to severe symptoms, including suicidal thoughts [11]. - Misconception 7: Psychologists and psychiatrists are the same. Psychiatrists are medical professionals who can diagnose and prescribe medication, while psychologists focus on emotional and behavioral issues without prescribing medication [12][13]. - Misconception 8: Psychiatrists only prescribe medication. Their role includes accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and potentially providing psychotherapy, making them comprehensive mental health care providers [14].

Group 1 - AI can assist in interpreting health check reports but should not be relied upon for authoritative diagnosis, as it may lack accuracy and context [1][2] - Anxiety disorders are real medical conditions that require proper treatment, rather than being dismissed as mere psychological weakness [2] - Vaccination schedules are scientifically determined and should not be delayed, as this can expose children to serious infectious diseases [3] Group 2 - Sunscreen is necessary even on cloudy days, as UV rays can penetrate clouds and cause skin damage [4] - The primary method to prevent heatstroke is adequate hydration, rather than consuming saltwater, which can lead to health risks if overdone [5] - The gender of a fetus is determined by the sperm's chromosomes and is not influenced by the mother's diet or body pH levels [6]

Core Insights - Anxiety disorders are a widely prevalent mental health issue that often go unnoticed, with individuals taking a long time to recognize their struggles, indicating that simply "trying harder" is not a solution [1] Group 1: Public Awareness and Statistics - The recent public discussion around anxiety disorders was reignited by the admission of popular singer Eason Chan, who revealed his struggles with anxiety after a concert, highlighting the misconception that success and wealth eliminate the need for mental health support [2] - A study published in The Lancet Psychiatry in 2019 indicated that anxiety disorders are the most common mental health issues in China, with an annual prevalence rate of 5.0% and a lifetime prevalence rate of 7.6% among adults [2] - Research from Harbin Medical University showed that the number of anxiety disorder patients in China reached 53.1 million in 2021, marking an increase of over 30% compared to 31 years ago [2] Group 2: Personal Experiences and Triggers - Personal accounts reveal that anxiety can stem from various life pressures, such as academic expectations and social integration challenges faced by students studying abroad [4][6] - Individuals often experience a cycle of anxiety where their self-imposed pressures and societal expectations exacerbate their mental health struggles, leading to physical symptoms and social withdrawal [10][12] - The fear of failure and uncertainty about the future are common triggers for anxiety, as illustrated by experiences of professionals facing job insecurity and financial pressures [16][20][35] Group 3: Coping Mechanisms and Recovery - Some individuals find that engaging in creative activities and establishing a sense of control over their lives can help alleviate anxiety symptoms, although complete recovery may not be achievable [15][26] - Regular psychological counseling and medication are common approaches, but their effectiveness can vary, with some individuals reporting minimal relief from medication side effects [18][22] - The transition to new environments or lifestyles, such as moving in with supportive partners or pursuing freelance work, can provide relief from anxiety by reducing external pressures [24][41]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rising prevalence of anxiety disorders in China, highlighting personal experiences and societal misconceptions surrounding mental health issues. Group 1: Prevalence and Impact of Anxiety Disorders - Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health issues in China, with an annual prevalence rate of 5.0% and a lifetime prevalence rate of 7.6% among adults [4] - As of 2021, the number of anxiety disorder patients in China reached 53.1 million, marking an increase of over 30% compared to 1990 [5] Group 2: Societal Misconceptions - There is a common misunderstanding that individuals with anxiety disorders lack resilience or social skills, which overlooks the societal factors contributing to mental health issues [3] - The societal perception of anxiety disorders often fails to recognize them as a product of the environment rather than solely individual experiences [3] Group 3: Personal Experiences with Anxiety - Individuals report that their anxiety often stems from overwhelming pressures, such as academic expectations and job-related stress, leading to a cycle of self-doubt and fear of failure [8][29] - The experiences shared illustrate how anxiety can manifest physically, affecting social interactions and daily functioning [15][17] Group 4: Coping Mechanisms and Recovery - Some individuals find that engaging in creative activities or changing their environment can help alleviate anxiety symptoms, suggesting that personal agency plays a role in managing mental health [20][37] - The article emphasizes the importance of recognizing the interplay between personal choices and external pressures in understanding and coping with anxiety [38][56]

Core Insights - The article discusses the rising prevalence of anxiety disorders in China, highlighted by singer Eason Chan's public admission of his struggles with anxiety [1][2] - It emphasizes the need for better diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders, which are often misdiagnosed or overlooked in clinical settings [5][6] Summary by Sections Prevalence and Impact - Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health issues in China, with a one-year prevalence rate of 5.0% and a lifetime prevalence rate of 7.6% among adults [1][3] - The number of anxiety disorder patients in China increased from 40.5 million in 1990 to 53.1 million in 2021, marking a 31.2% rise [1] Types and Symptoms - Anxiety disorders include panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder, each requiring specific medical attention [2][3] - Common symptoms include heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and gastrointestinal issues [3][5] Diagnosis Challenges - The diagnostic process for anxiety disorders is often lengthy, requiring the exclusion of organic diseases that may present similar symptoms [5][7] - Many patients experience a lack of clear diagnosis, leading to frustration and self-doubt [5][6] Treatment Approaches - Effective treatment involves both medication and psychological therapy, with an emphasis on early intervention [10][11] - The article highlights the importance of social support from family and friends in the recovery process [11][12] Prevention Strategies - Preventive measures include cognitive adjustments, physical exercise, and maintaining a balanced lifestyle [12] - Understanding anxiety as a common response to stress can help reduce stigma and encourage individuals to seek help [12]